ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7562-6145
Current Organisation
Nottingham Trent University
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Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-04-2021
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Date: 15-02-2013
DOI: 10.1152/JAPPLPHYSIOL.00652.2012
Abstract: This study was undertaken to investigate physiological adaptation with two endurance-training periods differing in intensity distribution. In a randomized crossover fashion, separated by 4 wk of detraining, 12 male cyclists completed two 6-wk training periods: 1) a polarized model [6.4 (±1.4 SD) h/wk 80%, 0%, and 20% of training time in low-, moderate-, and high-intensity zones, respectively] and 2) a threshold model [7.5 (±2.0 SD) h/wk 57%, 43%, and 0% training-intensity distribution]. Before and after each training period, following 2 days of diet and exercise control, fasted skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained for mitochondrial enzyme activity and monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 1 and 4 expression, and morning first-void urine s les were collected for NMR spectroscopy-based metabolomics analysis. Endurance performance (40-km time trial), incremental exercise, peak power output (PPO), and high-intensity exercise capacity (95% maximal work rate to exhaustion) were also assessed. Endurance performance, PPOs, lactate threshold (LT), MCT4, and high-intensity exercise capacity all increased over both training periods. Improvements were greater following polarized rather than threshold for PPO [mean (±SE) change of 8 (±2)% vs. 3 (±1)%, P 0.05], LT [9 (±3)% vs. 2 (±4)%, P 0.05], and high-intensity exercise capacity [85 (±14)% vs. 37 (±14)%, P 0.05]. No changes in mitochondrial enzyme activities or MCT1 were observed following training. A significant multilevel, partial least squares-discriminant analysis model was obtained for the threshold model but not the polarized model in the metabolomics analysis. A polarized training distribution results in greater systemic adaptation over 6 wk in already well-trained cyclists. Markers of muscle metabolic adaptation are largely unchanged, but metabolomics markers suggest different cellular metabolic stress that requires further investigation.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 02-2019
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001853
Abstract: Dugdale, JH, Hunter, AM, Di Virgilio, TG, Macgregor, LJ, and Hamilton, DL. Influence of the “Slingshot” bench press training aid on bench press kinematics and neuromuscular activity in competitive powerlifters. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 327–336, 2019—This study examined the acute effects of the “Slingshot” (SS) on bench press performance, prime mover surface electromyographic (sEMG) litude, and barbell velocity during maximal and submaximal bench pressing in competitive male powerlifters. Fifteen male powerlifters (mean ± SD age: 27.05 ± 5.94 years mass: 94.15 ± 13.43 kg 1 repetition maximum [1RM] bench press: 139.7 ± 16.79 kg) participated in the study. Bench press strength, average barbell velocity, and sEMG litude of the prime mover muscles (triceps brachii, pectoralis major, and anterior deltoid) were measured during 2 conditions “Raw” (without use of any assistance) and “SS” (using the “Slingshot” to perform both the weight achieved during “Raw” 1RM testing [Raw max/SS], and absolute 1RM using the “SS”). The results showed that the “SS” significantly increased bench press 1RM performance by a mean ± SD of 20.67 ± 3.4 kg. Barbell velocity and stick point analysis indicate that this improvement is likely driven by an increase in peak and prestick barbell velocity as triceps root mean square (RMS) was lower throughout all rep max phases with the “SS.” The “SS” also caused reductions in RMS, specifically of the triceps at all rep ranges but barbell velocity was better maintained in the last reps of all sets. These data indicate that the “SS” specifically deloaded the triceps muscle throughout all rep ranges and provide assistance to maintaining barbell velocity under fatigue during later repetitions of multiple repetition sets. The “SS” training aid could therefore be used in deload phases of bench press training or as an overreaching and velocity training aid.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.CLNU.2022.04.007
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of krill oil supplementation, on muscle function and size in healthy older adults. Men and women, aged above 65 years, with a BMI less than 35kg/m2, who participated in less than 1h per week of structured self-reported exercise, were enrolled in the study (NCT04048096) between March 2018 and March 2020. Participants were randomised to either control or krill oil supplements (4g/day) for 6 months in this double blind randomised controlled trial. At baseline, 6 weeks and 6 months, knee extensor maximal torque was measured as the primary outcome of the study. Secondary outcomes measured were grip strength, vastus lateralis muscle thickness, short performance physical battery test, body fat, muscle mass, blood lipids, glucose, insulin, and C-Reactive Protein, neuromuscular (M-Wave, RMS and voluntary activation), and erythrocyte fatty acid composition. A total of 102 men and women were enrolled in the study. Ninety-four participants (krill group (26 women and 23 men) and placebo group (27 women and 18 men)) completed the study (mean (SD): age 71.2 (5.1) years and weight 71.8 (12.3) kg). Six months supplementation with krill oil resulted in, an increase in knee extensor maximal torque, grip strength and vastus lateralis muscle thickness, relative to control (p<0.05). The 6-month treatment effects were 9.3% (95%CI: 2.8, 15.8%), 10.9% (95%CI: 8.3, 13.6%) and 3.5% (95%CI: 2.1, 4.9%) respectively. Increases in erythrocyte fatty acid profile were seen with krill oil for EPA 214% (95%CI: 166, 262%), DHA 36% (95%CI: 24, 48%) and the omega-3 index 61% (95%CI: 49, 73%), relative to control (p < 0.05). Krill oil resulted in an increased, relative to control (p < 0.05), M-Wave of 17% (95%CI: 12.7, 38.1%) but there was no effect of krill oil on RMS, voluntary activation, or on any other secondary outcomes such as performance of the short performance physical battery test or quality of life. Krill oil supplementation for 6 months results in statistically and clinically significant increases in muscle function and size in healthy older adults. NCT04048096.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-04-2021
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Angus Hunter.