ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2861-8449
Current Organisations
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
,
Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München
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Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 31-01-2020
Abstract: Signaling pathways along the human cortex shape the effect of noninvasive brain stimulation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEUROIMAGE.2016.04.015
Abstract: Socially-induced cognitive emotion regulation (Social-Reg) is crucial for emotional well-being and social functioning however, its brain mechanisms remain poorly understood. Given that both social cognition and cognitive emotion regulation engage key regions of the default-mode network (DMN), we hypothesized that Social-Reg would rely on the DMN, and that its effectiveness would be associated with social functioning. During functional MRI, negative emotions were elicited by pictures, and - via short instructions - a psychotherapist either down-regulated participants' emotions by employing reappraisal (Reg), or asked them to simply look at the pictures (Look). Adult Attachment Scale was used to measure social functioning. Contrasting Reg versus Look, aversive emotions were successfully reduced during Social-Reg, with increased activations in the prefrontal and parietal cortices, precuneus and the left temporo-parietal junction. These activations covered key nodes of the DMN and were associated with Social-Reg success. Furthermore, participants' attachment security was positively correlated with both Social-Reg success and orbitofrontal cortex involvement during Social-Reg. In addition, specificity of the neural correlates of Social-Reg was confirmed by comparisons with participants' DMN activity at rest and their brain activations during a typical emotional self-regulation task based on the same experimental paradigm without a psychotherapist. Our results provide first evidence for the specific involvement of the DMN in Social-Reg, and the association of Social-Reg with in idual differences in attachment security. The findings suggest that DMN dysfunction, found in many neuropsychiatric disorders, may impair the ability to benefit from Social-Reg.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 17-05-2019
DOI: 10.1101/639237
Abstract: Non-invasive brain stimulation reliably modulates brain activity and symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, stimulation effects substantially vary across in iduals and brain regions. We combined transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neuronal basis of inter-in idual and inter-areal differences after TMS. We found that stimulating sensory and cognitive areas yielded fundamentally heterogeneous effects. Stimulation of occipital cortex enhanced brain-wide functional connectivity and biophysical modeling identified increased local inhibition and enhanced forward-signaling after TMS. Conversely, frontal stimulation decreased functional connectivity, associated with local disinhibition and disruptions of both feedforward and feedback connections. Finally, we identified brain-wide functional integration as a predictive marker for these heterogeneous stimulation effects in in idual subjects. Together, our study suggests that modeling of local and global signaling parameters of a target area will improve the specificity of non-invasive brain stimulation for research and clinical applications.
Location: Germany
Location: Germany
Location: No location found
No related grants have been discovered for Valentin Riedl.