ORCID Profile
0000-0001-6440-4416
Current Organisations
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden
,
Flinders University
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Policy and Administration | Social Policy | Family and Household Studies | Public Health and Health Services | Epidemiology | Social Change | Sociological Methodology and Research Methods | Community Child Health | Social policy | Public Policy | Family And Household Studies | Policy and administration | Urban Sociology And Community Studies | Social Policy
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Families | Social Structure and Health | Youth/child development and welfare | Social Class and Inequalities | The distribution of wealth | Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society | School/Institution Community and Environment | School/Institution Policies and Development | Community services not elsewhere classified | Child Health | Families and Family Services | Health Inequalities |
Related Links
Publications
How high is infant mortality in Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2005
DOI: 10.1080/0032472052000332692
Abstract: This paper examines the measurement of infant mortality in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). There are worrying indications that official infant mortality counts, based on administrative data, may understate the true gravity of the problem in 15 countries in the region, including 11 out of 12 CIS countries, and 4 countries in South Eastern Europe. In the case of eight CIS countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia plus Romania, the evidence is strongest, not least because surveys that allow independent estimation of infant mortality have been carried out there. In the case of the remaining six countries, the evidence is more circumstantial, and based on inconsistencies within the official data themselves, combined with information on how live births are defined. However, we find also that surveys are rather blunt instruments, and that the confidence intervals that surround estimates from these surveys are often large.
Income Inequality in Early Transition: The Case of Hungary 1987-1996
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2001
Troubled kids? Locational disadvantage, opportunity structures and social exclusion
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-06-2018
Are Young Carers Less Engaged in School than Non-Carers? Evidence from a Representative Australian Study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-05-2020
How Big is the Gap in Wellbeing between Marginalised and Non-Marginalised Young People as They Approach Adolescence? Evidence from a National Survey of 9–14 Year Old Australians
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-12-2018
An Integrated Multiscale Simulation Routine to Predict Mechanical Performance from Manufacturing Effects
Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
Date: 29-10-2021
DOI: 10.1142/S1756973721430010
Abstract: Structural performance of unidirectional composites (UD) is directly dependent on its ingredient’s properties, ply configurations and the manufacturing effects. Prediction of mechanical properties using multiscale manufacturing simulation and micromechanical models is the focus of this study. Particular problem of coupled dual-scale deformation-flow process such as the one arising in RTM, Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) and Vacuum Bag Only (VBO) prepregs is considered. A finite element formulation of porous media theory framework is employed to predict the element-wise local volume fractions and the deformation of a preform in a press forming process. This formulation considers coupling effects between macro-scale preform processes and mesoscale ply processes as well as coupling effects between the solid and fluid phases. A number of different micromechanical models are assessed and the most suitable one is used to calculate mechanical properties from volume fractions. Structural performance of the “deformed” geometry is then evaluated in mechanical analysis. An integrated platform is designed to cover the whole chain of analysis and perform the properties’ calculation and transfer them between the modules in a smooth mapping procedure. The paper is concluded with a numerical ex le, where a compression-relaxation test of a planar fluid filled prepreg at globally un-drained condition is considered followed by a mechanical loading analysis. The development is user friendly and interactive and is established to enable design and optimization of composites.
Projects-of-self and projects-of-family: young people’s responsibilisation for their education and responsibility for care
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-11-2022
The potential of intervening on childhood adversity to reduce socioeconomic inequities in body mass index and inflammation among Australian and UK children: A causal mediation analysis
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 03-08-2023
Abstract: Lower maternal education is associated with higher body mass index (BMI) and higher chronic inflammation in offspring. Childhood adversity potentially mediates these associations. We examined the extent to which addressing childhood adversity could reduce socioeconomic inequities in these outcomes. We analysed data from two early-life longitudinal cohorts: the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC n=1873) and the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC n=7085). Exposure: low/medium (below university degree) versus high maternal education, as a key indicator of family socioeconomic position (0–1 year). Outcomes: BMI and log-transformed glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA) (LSAC: 11–12 years ALSPAC: 15.5 years). Mediator: multiple adversities (≥2/ ) indicated by family violence, mental illness, substance abuse and harsh parenting (LSAC: 2–11 years ALSPAC: 1–12 years). A causal mediation analysis was conducted. Low/medium maternal education was associated with up to 1.03 kg/m 2 higher BMI (95% CI: 0.95 to 1.10) and up to 1.69% higher GlycA (95% CI: 1.68 to 1.71) compared with high maternal education, adjusting for confounders. Causal mediation analysis estimated that decreasing the levels of multiple adversities in children with low/medium maternal education to be like their high maternal education peers could reduce BMI inequalities by up to 1.8% and up to 3.3% in GlycA. Our findings in both cohorts suggest that slight reductions in socioeconomic inequities in children’s BMI and inflammation could be achieved by addressing childhood adversities. Public health and social policy efforts should help those affected by childhood adversity, but also consider underlying socioeconomic conditions that drive health inequities.
3D explicit simulation of bearing failure in metal–composite bolted joints
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
More than a snapshot in time: pathways of disadvantage over childhood
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-06-2018
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYY086
Abstract: Disadvantage rarely manifests as a single event, but rather is the enduring context in which a child's development unfolds. We aimed to characterize patterns of stability and change in multiple aspects of disadvantage over the childhood period, in order to inform more precise and nuanced policy development. Participants were from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children birth cohort (n = 5107). Four lenses of disadvantage (sociodemographic, geographic environment, health conditions and risk factors), and a composite of these representing average exposure across all lenses, were assessed longitudinally from 0 to 9 years of age. Trajectory models identified groups of children with similar patterns of disadvantage over time for each of these lenses and for composite disadvantage. Concurrent validity of these trajectory groups was examined through associations with academic performance at 10-11 years. We found four distinct trajectories of children's exposure to composite disadvantage, which showed high levels of stability over time. In regard to the in idual lenses of disadvantage, three exhibited notable change over time (the sociodemographic lens was the exception). Over a third of children (36.3%) were exposed to the 'most disadvantaged' trajectory in at least one lens. Trajectories of disadvantage were associated with academic performance, providing evidence of concurrent validity. Children's overall level of composite disadvantage was stable over time, whereas geographic environments, health conditions and risk factors changed over time for some children. Measuring disadvantage as uni-dimensional, at a single time point, is likely to understate the true extent and persistence of disadvantage.
The impact of multidimensional disadvantage over childhood on developmental outcomes in Australia
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 29-05-2018
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYY087
Abstract: Understanding the relationship between different aspects of disadvantage over time and domains of child development will facilitate the formulation of more precise policy responses. We examined the association between exposure to aspects of disadvantage over the childhood period (from 0-9 years) and child development at 10-11 years. We used data from the nationally representative birth cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (n = 4979). Generalized linear models with log-Poisson link were used to estimate the association between previously derived disadvantage trajectories (in each of four lenses of sociodemographic, geographic environments, health conditions and risk factors, and a composite of these) and risk of poor child developmental outcomes. Population-attributable fractions were calculated to quantify the potential benefit of providing all children with optimal conditions for each developmental outcome. Trajectories of disadvantage were associated with developmental outcomes: children in the most disadvantaged composite trajectory had seven times higher risk of poor outcomes on two or more developmental domains, compared with those most advantaged. Trajectories of disadvantage in different lenses were varyingly associated with the child development domains of socio-emotional adjustment, physical functioning and learning competencies. Exposure to the most advantaged trajectory across all lenses could reduce poor developmental outcomes by as much as 70%. Exposure to disadvantage over time is associated with adverse child development outcomes. Developmental outcomes varied with the aspects of disadvantage experienced, highlighting potential targets for more precise policy responses. The findings provide evidence to stimulate advocacy and action to reduce child inequities.
The Relationship Between Financial Hardships and the Development of Risk-Taking Behaviors
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 29-10-2023
DOI: 10.1177/0044118X221127724
Abstract: Past research has demonstrated an association between financial hardships and risk-taking behaviors (defined as delinquent or transgressive acts). However, this effect may differ based upon the provision of protective spaces, like those offered in extracurricular activities. In the current study, we examined the longitudinal effect of financial hardships on risk-taking in a s le of Australian adolescents ( N = 3,852). We found experiences of financial hardship at the age of 12/13 predicted higher risk-taking 2 years later. Further, a longitudinal indirect effect was observed, where financial hardships were associated with higher risk-taking 4 years later via increased exposure to risk-taking peers. Non-sporting activity participation (e.g., debating, dance) was found to offset the risks associated with experiencing financial hardships. Participation in sports was not significantly related to any of our outcomes. Our data highlights how the provision of non-sporting activities may improve behavioral outcomes, especially among more financially disadvantaged adolescents.
Driving Precision Policy Responses to Child Health and Developmental Inequities
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 09-2019
A Socio-Economic Profile of Families in the First Wave of the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2012
Children's agency and the welfare state: Policy priorities and contradictions in Australia and the UK
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-2010
Abstract: Since the early 1990s, liberal welfare regimes have begun to treat lone parents as workers rather than as carers. This has happened in conjunction with an ongoing ‘moral panic’ about the need to develop policies to invest in children, and to protect them from adult worlds. The purpose of this article is to analyse contradictions within and between these strands of policy in two liberal welfare states — Australia and the UK. The article argues that recent welfare-to-work policies in both countries bring into sharp relief the contradictions inherent in assumptions that welfare states make about the agency of lone parents as workers and carers, and of children as incompetent.
How has the relationship between parental education and child outcomes changed in Australia since the 1980s?
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2013
Infant Mortality in Armenia 1992-2003: A comment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.EHB.2007.03.003
Abstract: The purpose of this comment is to counsel caution in some of the conclusions drawn in an otherwise fine article recently published in Economics and Human Biology on infant mortality in Armenia by Hakobyan, Mkrtchyan and Yepiskoposyan. These relate first, to the reliability of estimates and trends in infant mortality estimated from DHS data second, to the interpretation of what the authors consider to be a 'low' infant mortality rate in former communist countries given their level of economic development and third, to the role of the health care infrastructure in countries of the former Soviet Union in producing these 'low' infant mortality levels. This comment argues that trends in infant mortality in Armenia and other CIS countries, although probably declining, are perhaps less certain than the authors allow, that existing evidence does not suggest that they are uniformly low by global standards, or that the health care systems in CIS countries are uniformly effective in reducing infant deaths.
Preschool aged children’s experiences of integrated early years services in Australia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-06-2022
Expanding Children's Agency: Cases of Young People Experiencing Economic Adversity
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-06-2017
DOI: 10.1111/CHSO.12224
Is having a family member with chronic health concerns bad for young people’s health? Cross-sectional evidence from a national survey of young Australians
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 2017
Welfare state regimes and child poverty in the UK and Hungary
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-1997
DOI: 10.1177/095892879700700401
Abstract: Recent social policy reforms in Hungary have signalled a significant reduction in state sup port for working mothers, including the mtro duction of means-tested benefits for families with children. In this article we argue that this represents a move towards a welfare-state regime similar to that found in the UK, which, for families with children, encourages the 'Breadwinner' household where the father is the sole earner and the mother works in the home. Comparative analysis of the incidence of child poverty in the UK and Hungary in 1993, prior to the recent reforms, shows that children in Hungary were less likely to fall into poverty than their UK counterparts. We argue that this was a result of a combination of gen erous and universal state benefits for families with children, and high rates of labour market participation by mothers. We maintain that the reforms recently implemented in Hungary can be expected to lead to increases in child poverty, the incidence of which is partly deter mined by the degree of welfare state support for families with children and the extent of female participation m the labour market.
Gender Differences in the Relationship between Pressure from Schoolwork and Health Complaints
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-12-2022
To their fullest potential?: Conceptualising the adequacy of children's living standards for their development
Publisher: Brill
Date: 27-10-2014
DOI: 10.1163/15718182-02203005
Abstract: In this paper a framework is proposed for conceptualising ‘fullest potential’ towards which, according to the Convention on the Rights of the Child ( crc ), children’s education should be directed (Article 29). Children’s development to their fullest potential is linked explicitly to their right to a standard of living adequate for their development (Article 27). The paper argues that focus on ‘fullest potential’ as a human rights issue exposes a tension between the rights of children, the obligations of parents to their children and the obligations of the state to support all children’s development.
Understanding child disadvantage from a social determinants perspective
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 20-12-2018
Abstract: Child health and developmental inequities exist in all countries. Comprehensive and robust concepts of disadvantage are fundamental to growing an evidence base that can reveal the extent of inequities in childhood, and identify modifiable leverage points for change. We conceptualise and test a multidimensional framework of child disadvantage aligned to a social determinants and bioecological perspective. The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children is a nationally representative s le of two cohorts of Australian children, including the birth cohort of 5107 infants, which commenced in May 2004. The analysis focused on disadvantage indicators collected at age 4–5 years. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test a theoretically informed model of disadvantage. Concurrent validity was examined through associations with academic performance at 8–9 years. The model comprising four latent factors of sociodemographic (10 indicators), geographical environments (three indicators), health conditions (three indicators) and risk factors (14 indicators) was found to provide a better fit for the data than alternative models. Each factor was associated with academic performance, providing evidence of concurrent validity. The study provides a theoretically informed and empirically tested framework for operationalising relative child disadvantage. Understanding and addressing inequities will be facilitated by capturing the complexity of children’s experiences of disadvantage across the multiple environments in which their development unfolds.
Academic Performance in Primary School Children With Common Emotional and Behavioral Problems
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-07-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JOSH.12531
Abstract: Many emotional and behavioral problems first emerge in primary school and are the forerunners of mental health problems occurring in adolescence. However, the extent that these problems may be associated with academic failure has been explored less. We aimed to quantify the association between emotional and behavioral problems with academic performance. A stratified random s le of 8‐ to 9‐year‐olds (N = 1239) were recruited from schools in Australia. Data linkage was performed with a national assessment of academic performance to assess reading and numeracy. Parent report assessed emotional and behavioral problems with students dichotomized into “borderline/abnormal” and “normal” categories. One in 5 grade 3 students fell in the “borderline/abnormal” category. Boys with total difficulties (β = ‐47.8, 95% CI : ‐62.8 to ‐32.8), conduct problems, and peer problems scored lower on reading. Numeracy scores were lower in boys with total difficulties (β = ‐37.7, 95% CI : ‐53.9 to ‐21.5) and emotional symptoms. Children with hyperactivity/inattention scored lower in numeracy. Girls with peer problems scored lower in numeracy. Boys with emotional and behavioral problems in mid‐primary school were 12 months behind their peers. Children with emotional and behavioral problems are at high risk for academic failure, and this risk is evident in mid‐primary school.
The unknown citizen: epidemiological challenges in child mental health
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 16-07-2014
Abstract: Growing concern about the global burden of child mental health disorders has generated an increased interest in population-level efforts to improve child mental health. This in turn has led to a shift in emphasis away from treatment of established disorders and towards prevention and promotion. Prevention efforts are able to draw on a substantial epidemiological literature describing the prevalence and determinants of child mental health disorders. However, there is a striking lack of clearly conceptualised and measurable positive outcomes for child mental health, which may result in missed opportunities to identify optimal policy and intervention strategies. In this paper, we propose an epidemiological approach to child mental health which is in keeping with public health principles and with the WHO definition of health, and which is grounded in current thinking about child development. Constructs such as competence offer the opportunity to develop rigorous outcome measures for epidemiological research, while broader ideas about 'the good life' and 'the good society' derived from philosophical thinking can enable us to shape policy initiatives based on normative ideas of optimal child mental health that extend beyond in iduals and undoubtedly beyond the traditional boundaries of the health sector.
The Association between Parental Educational Expectations and School Functioning among Young People with Disabilities
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 24-04-2022
DOI: 10.1177/00144029221087392
Abstract: Past research has established clear educational inequities between young people with disabilities and their peers. In part, some of these inequities may be attributed to expectations. In this study, we examined whether parental expectations were related to school functioning at high school, with school functioning broadly defined as ease and frequency of engagement in school-based activities. Using the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children ( N = 3,956 48.9% female 5.01% with disability), we examined parental expectations and school functioning measured at three time-points, biennially from the ages of 12 and 13 through to 16 and 17. A multigroup, parallel latent growth curve analysis revealed that high parental expectations at the first timepoint predicted steeper increases in the trajectory of school functioning over time, but only among young people with disability. Parental expectations did not significantly predict school functioning trajectories for the remainder of the s le. Subsequent multigroup analyses that compared disability characteristics revealed that learning difficulties and speech problems, in particular, were associated with lower parental expectations. These results suggest that the perceptions of parents in the lives of young people with disability are important and efforts to shape them may have long-term benefits.
Review of the circumstances among children in immigrant families in Australia
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-06-2010
Extracurricular activity participation, school belonging, and depressed mood
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-10-2023
Does socioeconomic status impact the relationship between school absence and outcomes?
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-05-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S13384-022-00535-2
Abstract: Absence from school, especially frequent or prolonged absence, is acknowledged as a potential factor in school dropout and suboptimal academic achievement. The issue of absence from school took on added significance in 2020 with the onset of the COVID-19 crisis, which resulted in schooling interruptions in several jurisdictions. However, there is little agreement in the literature on the exact relationship between absence and school outcomes as a function of socioeconomic status (SES). Using nationally representative pre-COVID longitudinal data of young Australians aged 12–13 and 14–15, this paper examines the relationship between absence from school on the one hand and school belonging and academic achievement (numeracy and reading test scores) on the other. The paper also examines whether SES intersects this relationship. Controlling for gender, prior educational achievement, computer access, and time spent doing homework, the study finds that absence impacts belonging, but that SES does not significantly influence this relationship. The effect of absence on reading is not significant either. However, absence is associated with numeracy outcomes, with the strongest associations among low SES young people at age 14. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.
Effects of manufacturing on the structural performance of composites in vacuum assisted resin transfer molding
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 13-08-2022
DOI: 10.1177/07316844221118691
Abstract: This work focuses on developing a seamlessly integrated modeling platform for manufacturing, designing, and analyzing fiber-reinforced composite structures. The manufacturing method is vacuum assisted resin transfer molding, and the analysis method is the finite element method. The unique integration of two commercial software (Moldex3D and ABAQUS) with additional interfaces and physics-based micromechanics enables variabilities during the manufacturing to be directly embedded into the structural analysis. The manufacturing output is the resin pressure which is used to predict the compaction pressure and calculate local fiber volume fractions. The predicted non-uniform volume fractions provide local mechanical properties allowing seamless transfer of process effects and properties variability to the final structural analysis. Three demonstrators are presented as ex les for simulation and validation against experiments, both in manufacturing and structural performance. The results show very good agreement between simulations and experiments regarding resin flow times and measurements (within 17%) and demonstrators’ structural stiffness (within 15%).
Child poverty and child rights: edging towards a definition
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2008
Addressing Child Mental Health Inequities Through Parental Mental Health and Preschool Attendance
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Date: 03-04-2023
Abstract: Prevention is key to reducing socioeconomic inequities in children’s mental health problems, especially given limited availability and accessibility of services. We investigated the potential to reduce inequities for disadvantaged children by improving parental mental health and preschool attendance in early childhood. Data from the nationally representative birth cohort, Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (N = 5107, commenced in 2004), were used to examine the impact of socioeconomic disadvantage (0–1 year) on children’s mental health problems (10–11 years). Using an interventional effects approach, we estimated the extent to which inequities could be reduced by improving disadvantaged children’s parental mental health (4–5 years) and their preschool attendance (4–5 years). Disadvantaged children had a higher prevalence of elevated mental health symptoms (32.8%) compared with their nondisadvantaged peers (18.7%): confounder-adjusted difference in prevalence is 11.6% (95% confidence interval: 7.7% to 15.4%). Improving disadvantaged children’s parental mental health and their preschool attendance to the level of their nondisadvantaged peers could reduce 6.5% and 0.3% of socioeconomic differences in children’s mental health problems, respectively (equivalent to 0.8% and 0.04% absolute reductions). If these interventions were delivered in combination, a 10.8% (95% confidence interval: 6.9% to 14.7%) higher prevalence of elevated symptoms would remain for disadvantaged children. Targeted policy interventions that improve parental mental health and preschool attendance for disadvantaged children are potential opportunities to reduce socioeconomic inequities in children’s mental health problems. Such interventions should be considered within a broader, sustained, and multipronged approach that includes addressing socioeconomic disadvantage itself.
What can data on educational outcomes reveal regarding Australian children's right to develop 'to their fullest potential'?
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 12-2009
DOI: 10.1177/103530460902000104
Abstract: Is Australia fulfilling its obligations towards its children, in particular fostering their development to their fullest potential, in accordance with its obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child? This article addresses this complex question by elaborating three alternative conceptualisations of the right to development to one's fullest potential, based on the literature on human rights principles, and on the writings of the philosophers John Rawls, Michael Walzer, and Amartya Sen. The analysis suggests that while Australia performs well in comparison with other rich countries according to indicators of educational achievement, disparities in educational outcomes are large, implying that many children fail to realise their right to education to their fullest potential. This is not surprising. More surprising is the contrast between the diligence with which educational outcomes in Australia are measured, and the lack of accurate information on public resource inputs (except at the most highly aggregated levels) to achieve those outcomes. The paper concludes that while the measurement of student outcomes is an important step in the realisation of all Australian children's right to education to their fullest potential, the failure to accurately monitor resource inputs represents an equal failure by Australian governments to protect and promote children's rights.
Young children's health and wellbeing across the transition to school: A critical interpretive synthesis
Publisher: The Centre for Excellence in Child and Family Welfare
Date: 29-04-2016
DOI: 10.1017/CHA.2016.4
Abstract: This paper reports on the systematic search and review of the literature relating to the health and wellbeing of young children across the transition to school. It identified 56 papers (including empirical studies, reviews, commentaries, and reports) relevant to the research questions and completed an interpretive systematic review to ascertain the current state of the literature. The review employed the Critical Interpretive Synthesis (CIS) method to allow for a rigorous and systematic review of a disparate literature which stretches across several disciplines. The findings are presented in seven thematic categories: current conceptualisations of health and wellbeing, assessment and measurement, ‘school readiness’, service integration, transition actors, ‘at risk’ children, and child voice. These findings illustrate the ways in which concepts have been constructed, identified, and operationalised in early years research, practice, and policy. Moreover, it highlights that ‘what is known’ can be used to inform the review or implementation of services, practices, and partnerships that support child health and wellbeing during the transition to school.
The Impact of Social Network Characteristics and Gender on Covert Bullying in Australian Students with Disability in the Middle Years
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 24-07-2019
The impact of separation and child support on parents' and children's incomes Final report
Publisher: Unpublished
Date: 2008
Alcohol and other drug related deaths among young people in CIS countries: proximal and distal causes and implications for policy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.DRUGPO.2007.10.005
Abstract: Although the mortality crisis that followed the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1992 has been well researched, most attention has been paid to mortality among middle-aged men. There has been relatively little analysis of death rates among young people, many of which appear related to alcohol and other drug (AOD) use. Death rates ranged from exceedingly high in some countries (e.g. Russia) to very low in others (e.g. Armenia). This ergence among Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries increased considerably over the 1990s. What caused this ergence in youth deaths and what policy response is needed? An ecological study of country-level data was used to explore the relationships between risk factors, AOD use and youth deaths across time and between countries. Qualitative research literature was used to supplement the statistical data. AOD abuse risk factors were ided into 'proximal causes' (e.g. AOD availability) and 'distal causes' (e.g. social cohesion, welfare, culture). Proximal risk factors appeared to explain some of the AOD use and death data, but they did not explain all of the country differences. Analysis of distal risk factors suggested that family and community strength are important factors in the trends in AOD abuse and youth mortality. The policy response to AOD abuse and mortality among young people needs to attend to both proximal and distal factors. An exclusive focus on proximal risk factors is unlikely to provide a satisfactory solution. Rather, the social determinants of child and youth development need to be considered. More research is needed on the relationship between AOD abuse and youth mortality, and on the influence of family and community strength on both these outcomes in the region. Useful lessons may be learned from countries such as Armenia, where both AOD abuse and youth mortality have remained low.
A Method for Measuring Public Investment in Australia's Young People Draft Final Report
Publisher: Social Policy Research Centre
Date: 2011
Who excludes? Young People's Experience of Social Exclusion
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 24-02-2022
DOI: 10.1017/S0047279422000046
Abstract: Existing policy research has not comprehensively examined the processes by which young people experience social exclusion: that is, the relationships among different risk factors for exclusion, their actual experiences of exclusion, and outcomes that matter for their life chances. Drawing on data from a survey of Australian 13-14 year olds (N=3,535), this paper adapts the Bristol Social Exclusion Matrix to examine pathways from young people’s personal and family resources, their experience of participation (school engagement bullying victimization teacher support), and their life satisfaction – a predictive indicator of wellbeing and mental health in adulthood. The effects of other characteristics or risk factors for young people’s social exclusion (living with disability, being a young carer, identifying as Indigenous, and speaking a language other than English at home), are also examined. This paper shows that experience of exclusion mediates the relationship between young people’s personal and family resources and life satisfaction. Controlling for characteristics or risk factors does not change this relationship, suggesting that processes of social exclusion, enacted in interpersonal encounters, are driven by overarching structural factors. These findings are relevant for policy in Australia, and in other countries with similar policy regimes.
Investment in early childhood in Australia: International comparisons and recent trends
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2009
DOI: 10.5172/HESR.18.1.94
The hand of history and the equity-legitimacy nexus
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2000
Benchmark exercise on image-based permeability determination of engineering textiles: Microscale predictions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2023
Reducing Educational Disparities Between Australian Adolescents in Regional and Metropolitan Communities
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1037/DEV0001434
Abstract: Australian adolescents living in regional communities are significantly more likely to perform worse at school, relative to those in metropolitan communities. These disparities are partially due to the development of lower educational expectations among regional adolescents. In the current study, we tested whether the differences in educational expectations across communities were reduced when adolescents engage in extracurricular activities, and any subsequent downstream effects on academic outcomes. The current study used a subs le of 1,477 adolescents recruited as part of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children who have graduated from high school. Using a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model, we found that residing in a regional community at the start of secondary education predicted worse academic performance when graduating 6 years later. This association was partially mediated by lower educational expectations and school functioning, measured biennially. However, the significant difference between adolescents in metropolitan and regional communities dissipated when participants engaged in three or more types of extracurricular activities. These results highlight that increasing access and support to participate in extracurricular activities in regional communities may contribute to reducing inequities in educational outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Employment polarisation and inequality in the UK and Hungary
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2001
DOI: 10.1093/CJE/25.4.467
Social inclusion in Australia - What has it achieved
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2015
Male Earnings Inequality, Women's Earnings, and Family Income Inequality in Australia, 1982-2007
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2013
A method for assessing the adequacy of Australian children’s living standards
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 26-07-2012
Material deprivation and capability deprivation in the midst of affluence: The case of young people in Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Exploring the use of emoji as a visual research method for eliciting young children’s voices in childhood research
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-08-2018
The implications of poverty on children's readiness to learn
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-2010
DOI: 10.1177/183693911003500408
Abstract: THIS PAPER REVIEWS AUSTRALIAN and international literature to examine the effect of poverty on children's readiness to learn. It includes a discussion of how children's readiness and ability to learn can be nurtured from birth, and how poverty places a child's healthy developmental pathway at risk. The paper concludes with a discussion of the barriers to the introduction of successful early intervention programs in Australia.
Uncertain impacts: trends in public expenditure on children and child outcomes in Australia since the 1980s
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-06-2012
Learning outcomes in primary school children with emotional problems
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-11-2023
DOI: 10.1111/CAMH.12607
Abstract: Academic difficulties are common in adolescents with mental health problems. Although earlier childhood emotional problems, characterised by heightened anxiety and depressive symptoms are common forerunners to adolescent mental health problems, the degree to which mental health problems in childhood may contribute independently to academic difficulties has been little explored. Data were drawn from a prospective cohort study of students in Melbourne, Australia ( N = 1239). Data were linked with a standardised national assessment of academic performance at baseline (9 years) and wave three (11 years). Depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed at baseline and wave two (10 years). Regression analyses estimated the association between emotional problems (9 and/or 10 years) and academic performance at 11 years, adjusting for baseline academic performance, sex, age and socioeconomic status, and hyperactivity/inattention symptoms. Students with depressive symptoms at 9 years of age had lost nearly 4 months of numeracy learning two years later after controlling for baseline academic performance and confounders. Results were similar for anxiety symptoms. Regardless of when depressive symptoms occurred there were consistent associations with poorer numeracy performance at 11 years. The association of depressive symptoms with reading performance was weaker than for numeracy if they were present at wave two. Persistent anxiety symptoms across two waves led to nearly a 4 month loss of numeracy learning at 11 years, but the difference was not meaningful for reading. Findings were similar when including hyperactivity/inattention symptoms. Childhood anxiety and depression are not only forerunners of later mental health problems but predict academic achievement. Partnerships between education and health systems have the potential to not only improve childhood emotional problems but also improve learning.
Preschool Aged Children’s Accounts of their Own Wellbeing
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2020
Conceptualisation of social and emotional wellbeing for children and young people, and policy implications
Publisher: Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth
Date: 2010
Poverty and deprivation among children in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-06-2009
The implications of poverty on children's readiness to learn
Publisher: Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth
Date: 2009
Social and Emotional Wellbeing Among Young People; the Mitigating Role of Ecological Domains
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S12187-022-10008-8
Abstract: To examine the role of neighbourhood, what Bronfenbrenner describes as an element in the exosystem, as a protective asset for adolescents’ social and emotional wellbeing. The study used a subset of national data reported by adolescents and their parents from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). A linear mixed-effect model was used to estimate the association between neighbourhood indicators and trajectories in a measure of social and emotional wellbeing (the SDQ Total Difficulties score) at ages 12–13, 14–15 and 16–17, controlling for age and sex, peer and family relationships and household material resources. The analysis revealed that parents’ perceptions of belonging and their subjective assessments of the condition of housing in the neighbourhood, as well as externally sourced data on neighbourhood accessibility and socio-economic status, were significantly associated with adolescents’ total difficulties scores over time. The findings revealed the role of neighbourhood level protective assets as a potential influence on adolescents’ social and emotional wellbeing. Greater attention should be given to understanding the complex interactions between the resources mobilised by in iduals and their families, and the influence of wider environments and social structures on young people’s social and emotional wellbeing.
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University Of Bath
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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