ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4959-7376
Current Organisations
Centre for Excellence in Basic Science
,
University Grants Commission
,
Sambalpur University
,
RAD@home Astronomy Collaboratory
,
Liverpool John Moores University
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1002/JCP.20922
Abstract: The elevation of free fatty acids (FFAs), observed in childhood obesity results in intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation with consequent insulin resistance. Using in vitro differentiated myotubes from normal weight pre-pubertal children (n = 8), we examined the effects of saturated (palmitate) and unsaturated (oleate) FFAs on insulin-stimulated AKT phosphorylation (pAKT) and IMCL accumulation. Palmitate decreased pAKT (Mean [SEM] % change pAKT with palmitate 750 microM vs. control pThr308 site -50.5% [28.7] and pSer473 site -38.7% [11.7] P < 0.001) with no effect on IMCL formation. Equimolar bromopalmitate did not effect pAKT and blocking ceramide production abolished the palmitate-induced reduction in signalling, suggesting that ceramide synthesis is critical for palmitate's actions. Oleate did not effect pAKT (1,000 microM oleate pSer473 site -3.4% [11.4] P = NS) but increased IMCL accumulation (+32.3% [7.1%] P < 0.001). Co-administration of oleate diminished the reduction in pAKT seen with palmitate (+36.4% [23.6] vs. -13.3% [13.6] P = 0.28), with similar IMCL levels to oleate alone. Co-administration also caused a significant reduction in 14C-ceramide synthesis from 14C-palmitate (101.6 [21.6] vs. 371.5 [122.4] DPM/mg protein P < 0.001). In summary, palmitate appears to cause insulin resistance in children's myotubes via its metabolism to ceramide, and this process appears unrelated to IMCL formation and is ameliorated by oleate.
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1210/JC.2005-1571
Abstract: Adiponectin is an adipocyte-specific protein with insulin-sensitizing properties. Several studies have examined the expression of adiponectin mRNA or tissue/secreted protein levels in fat obtained from adults, but none has assessed tissue levels in childhood. Paired subcutaneous (Sc) and visceral (V) fat s les were obtained from 12 normal-weight children. Mature adipocytes were isolated and total adiponectin levels determined by ELISA. Insulin sensitivity and lipid parameters were assessed in fasting blood s les taken at the time of biopsy collection. A positive correlation was seen between the adiponectin concentration within the Sc and V mature adipocytes derived from each child (r = 0.924 P < 0.001). After logarithmic transformation of the Sc and V adiponectin concentrations (log-Sc and log-V) to render the data Gaussian, both log-Sc and log-V were found to be lower in those children with higher body mass index sd score (r = -0.621 and r = -0.357 respectively), although this reached statistical significance only in the Sc adipocytes (P = 0.03). Age was not related to either log-Sc or log-V adiponectin levels, although a significant negative association was seen with serum adiponectin (r = -0.589 P = 0.04). Log-Sc or log-V did not correlate with serum adiponectin concentrations, markers of insulin sensitivity, or circulating lipid levels. These data indicate a relationship between total adiponectin levels in different tissue compartments, suggesting either some form of interaction or coregulation by systemic factors, possibly related to body size/fat mass. Serum concentrations of total adiponectin were inversely related to age but showed no relationship with either tissue levels or body mass index sd score.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2016
DOI: 10.14814/PHY2.12803
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-09-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-72730-Z
Abstract: Skeletal muscle tissue demonstrates global hypermethylation with age. However, methylome changes across the time-course of differentiation in aged human muscle derived cells, and larger coverage arrays in aged muscle tissue have not been undertaken. Using 850K DNA methylation arrays we compared the methylomes of young (27 ± 4.4 years) and aged (83 ± 4 years) human skeletal muscle and that of young/aged heterogenous muscle-derived human primary cells (HDMCs) over several time points of differentiation (0, 72 h, 7, 10 days). Aged muscle tissue was hypermethylated compared with young tissue, enriched for pathways-in-cancer (including focal adhesion, MAPK signaling, PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling, p53 signaling, Jak-STAT signaling, TGF-beta and notch signaling), rap1-signaling, axon-guidance and hippo-signalling. Aged cells also demonstrated a hypermethylated profile in pathways axon-guidance, adherens-junction and calcium-signaling, particularly at later timepoints of myotube formation, corresponding with reduced morphological differentiation and reductions in MyoD/Myogenin gene expression compared with young cells. While young cells showed little alterations in DNA methylation during differentiation, aged cells demonstrated extensive and significantly altered DNA methylation, particularly at 7 days of differentiation and most notably in focal adhesion and PI3K-AKT signalling pathways. While the methylomes were vastly different between muscle tissue and HDMCs, we identified a small number of CpG sites showing a hypermethylated state with age, in both muscle tissue and cells on genes KIF15 , DYRK2 , FHL2 , MRPS33 , ABCA17P . Most notably, differential methylation analysis of chromosomal regions identified three locations containing enrichment of 6–8 CpGs in the HOX family of genes altered with age. With HOXD10 , HOXD9 , HOXD8 , HOXA3 , HOXC9 , HOXB1 , HOXB3 , HOXC-AS2 and HOXC10 all hypermethylated in aged tissue. In aged cells the same HOX genes (and additionally HOXC-AS3 ) displayed the most variable methylation at 7 days of differentiation versus young cells, with HOXD8 , HOXC9 , HOXB1 and HOXC-AS3 hypermethylated and HOXC10 and HOXC-AS2 hypomethylated. We also determined that there was an inverse relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression for HOXB1 , HOXA3 and HOXC-AS3 . Finally, increased physical activity in young adults was associated with oppositely regulating HOXB1 and HOXA3 methylation compared with age. Overall, we demonstrate that a considerable number of HOX genes are differentially epigenetically regulated in aged human skeletal muscle and HDMCs and increased physical activity may help prevent age-related epigenetic changes in these HOX genes.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 11-07-2023
DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.11.548561
Abstract: To identify the effects of leucine, β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) and branched chain amino acid (BCAA) on post-exercise cytokine responses in females and males. Males (n=53) and females (n=37) completed 100 drop jumps and consumed either no supplement, leucine (3g/d), HMB (3g/d) or BCAA (4.5g/d) from 1d pre to 14d post-exercise. Muscle soreness, squat jumps, chair rises and creatine kinase (CK) were measured at pre, post, 24h, 48h, 7 and 14d. Blood lactate (pre, post), 10 cytokines (pre, 24h, 48h, 7d) and oestradiol (pre, 7d) were also measured. Without supplementation post-exercise, soreness was induced in both males (6-fold) and females (5-fold). With supplementation, there were no increases in CK or oestradiol in females and no impact on muscle soreness, performance, or function in both sexes. In males, CK was elevated in untreated (48%) and leucine (69%) conditions vs baseline, but these were suppressed with HMB and BCAA. IL-7 was elevated in females vs males at baseline (6.3-fold), leucine increased IL-7 concentrations in females at 24h (17.0-fold), 48h (5.1-fold) vs males. With HMB, TNFr1-α increased in females at 24h (2.2-fold), 48h (2.3-fold) and 7d (2.3-fold) vs males. In males with BCAA, TNFr1-α decreased (P=0.06) from pre to 24h (6.8-fold), then increased (P .05) from 24 to 48h (8.0-fold). Although supplements were without effect on soreness following exercise, the cytokine response was evoked by exercise and impacted significantly by leucine, HMB and BCAA in females vs males. This improved cytokine response in females could lead to improved resistance to damage.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-08-2011
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-10-2022
Abstract: Active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback during galaxy merger has been the most favoured model to explain black hole–galaxy co-evolution. However, how the AGN-driven jet/wind/radiation is coupled with the gas of the merging galaxies, which leads to positive feedback, momentarily enhanced star formation, and subsequently negative feedback, a decline in star formation, is poorly understood. Only a few cases are known where the jet and companion galaxy interaction leads to minor off-axis distortions in the jets and enhanced star formation in the gas-rich minor companions. Here, we briefly report one extraordinary case, RAD12, discovered by RAD@home citizen science collaboratory, where for the first time a radio jet–driven bubble (∼ 137 kpc) is showing a symmetric reflection after hitting the incoming galaxy which is not a gas-rich minor but a gas-poor early-type galaxy in a major merger. Surprisingly, neither positive feedback nor any radio lobe on the counter jet side, if any, is detected. It is puzzling if RAD12 is a genuine one-sided jet or a case of radio lobe trapped, compressed and re-accelerated by shocks during the merger. This is the first imaging study of RAD12 presenting follow-up with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, archival MeerKAT radio data and Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope optical data.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-02-2035
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2005
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 28-08-2007
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-09-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.YEXCR.2005.05.003
Abstract: Body fat distribution determines obesity-related morbidity in adults but little is known of the aetiology or pathophysiology in children. This study investigates differences in insulin-mediated metabolism in primary cell cultures of subcutaneous and visceral preadipocytes derived from prepubertal children. The impact of differentiation and responses to TNFalpha exposure was also investigated. Proliferation rates were greater in subcutaneous versus visceral preadipocytes (41 h3 versus 69 h4 P=0.008). Insulin caused a dose-dependent increase in GSK-3 phosphorylation and an increase in MAPK phosphorylation over time, with increased sensitivity in subcutaneous preadipocytes. Post-differentiation, dose-dependent increases in GSK-3 phosphorylation were maintained, while MAPK phosphorylation was identical in both subtypes. No changes were observed in insulin receptor abundance pre- ost-differentiation. GLUT4 abundance was significantly increased in visceral versus subcutaneous adipocytes by 76(4)% P=0.03), coincidental with increased insulin-stimulated 2-deoxy-glucose transport (+150(26)% versus +79(10)% P=0.014) and further elevated by acute exposure to TNFalpha (+230(52)% P=0.019 versus +123(24)% P=0.025, respectively). TNFalpha also significantly increased basal glucose transport rates (+44(14)% P=0.006 versus +34(11)% P=0.007) and GLUT1 localisation to the plasma membrane. These data establish site-specific differences in subcutaneous and visceral fat cells from children. Responses to insulin varied with differentiation and TNFalpha exposure in the two depots, consistent with parallel changes in GLUT1/4 abundance and localisation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.BBRC.2007.06.184
Abstract: Circulating concentrations of fatty acids are elevated in obesity, although their effect on regional fat deposition is relatively unexplored. With the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity, we aimed to investigate whether saturated and unsaturated fatty acids lead to differential lipid accumulation (LA) in children's subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes. To examine this, subcutaneous and peri-nephric pre-adipocytes, isolated from fat biopsies from 6 pre-pubertal children, were differentiated in vitro before being exposed to palmitate and/or oleate for 24 h. Lipid accumulation was then quantified by nile red staining. Palmitate significantly increased LA in visceral adipocytes at all doses > or =188 microM (e.g. Palmitate 750 microM: +30.0%[8.2] p<0.01), whilst only a dose of 375 microM led to a significant, but smaller, increase in LA in subcutaneous adipocytes (Palmitate 375 micro: +13.0%[4.3] p=0.02). In contrast, oleate significantly increased LA in subcutaneous (Oleate 1000 microM: +36.3%[14.0] p=0.01), but not visceral (Oleate 1000 microM: +16.2%[9.6] p=0.25) adipocytes. These data suggest that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids may exert depot-specific effects on lipid accumulation.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Ananda Hota.