ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4830-8488
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Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 18-06-2020
Abstract: Purposive s ling has a long developmental history and there are as many views that it is simple and straightforward as there are about its complexity. The reason for purposive s ling is the better matching of the s le to the aims and objectives of the research, thus improving the rigour of the study and trustworthiness of the data and results. Four aspects to this concept have previously been described: credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The aim of this paper is to outline the nature and intent of purposive s ling, presenting three different case studies as ex les of its application in different contexts. Presenting in idual case studies has highlighted how purposive s ling can be integrated into varying contexts dependent on study design. The s ling strategies clearly situate each study in terms of trustworthiness for data collection and analysis. The selected approach to purposive s ling used in each case aligns to the research methodology, aims and objectives, thus addressing each of the aspects of rigour. Making explicit the approach used for participant s ling provides improved methodological rigour as judged by the four aspects of trustworthiness. The cases presented provide a guide for novice researchers of how rigour may be addressed in qualitative research.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1017/S1463423621000918
Abstract: The aim of this scoping review is to explore the evidence by which community service providers have integrated reablement models of staff training and client assessment into practice. The concept of reablement, which has emerged during the last two decades globally, has recently been defined by health experts from 11 countries through a Delphi study. Reablement is seen as a way to support integrated frameworks that achieve person-centred, long-term care and assistance across community settings. International research indicates there is some evidence of developing models of reablement that include staff training and in idual components of client assessment. However, evidence of integrating reablement into interdisciplinary practice continues to be sparse. The review adopted the preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) approach. Inclusion criteria for the review related to community care, primary care, long-term care, and residential care. Populations of interest included service providers, interdisciplinary staff, trainers, and assessors. A total of 11 papers were reviewed. The studies varied in their approach to reablement training and client assessment frameworks. Three studies included assessment of staff well-being. All included evidence-based, person-centred components that can be integrated across health care settings. Single disciplinary approaches were used in all studies and some included training evaluation. This review has identified that currently reablement models are not yet embedded as frameworks for practice by community service providers in primary health care settings. Different programmes of training and assessment are being designed based on single disciplinary approaches and the context in which they are delivered. Further developmental work is required to integrate the components of discipline-specific training programmes within interdisciplinary frameworks. This will achieve not only an integrated framework for delivery across settings but also further the success of ‘ageing in place’ policy.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-05-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S11136-022-03148-5
Abstract: Low back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent public health problem globally, second only to headaches in the ranking of painful disorders that affect human beings. However, evidence about the profile of LBP patients is lacking in low-income countries for appropriate management approaches. This study examined the profile of in iduals with LBP and factors defining chronicity of pain in Ethiopia. A population-based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 1812 adults (≥ 18 years) with LBP at present. Data were collected by interviewing the study participants using an instrument developed and validated in the same study population. The instrument includes socio-demographic information, health behaviours/lifestyle habits, beliefs about pain, and pain and general health-related characteristics of the participants. Data analysis was performed using R version 3.5.1. Both unconditional and conditional logistic regression models were fitted and Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were computed to identify factors significantly associated with chronicity of pain at p ≤ 0.05 significance level. Negative beliefs about pain, a varying degree of pain interference with daily and social activities, complaining of pain in other anatomical sites other than the low back region, general health status rated as not excellent , depressive symptomology, and sleeping problems/insomnia were common within the profile of in iduals with LBP. Age, educational level, residential setting, beliefs about pain, and depressive symptomology were found to have a statistically significant association with chronicity of pain. This study provides an overview of the profile of in iduals with LBP and factors defining chronicity of pain, assisting clinicians to design appropriate management strategies to improve patients' outcomes.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 26-09-2018
Abstract: phasia is an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of speech and the ability to read or write. Aphasia is a frequent complication of stroke and is a major disability for patients and their families. The provision of services for stroke patients differs across health care providers and regions, and strategies directed at improving these services have benefited from the involvement of patients. However, patients with aphasia are often excluded from these co-design activities due to a diminished capacity to communicate verbally and a lack of health researcher experience in working with patients with aphasia. he primary aim of this paper is to identify approaches appropriate for working with patients with aphasia in an interview situation and, more generally, determine the importance of including people with aphasia in health service improvement research. The secondary aim is to describe the experiences of researchers involved in interviewing patients with aphasia. total of 5 poststroke patients with aphasia participated in face-to-face interviews in their homes to gain insight into their in-hospital experience following their stroke. Interviews were audio-recorded, and thematic analysis was performed. The experiences of the researchers interviewing these patients were informally recorded postinterview, and themes were derived from these reflections. he interview technique utilized in this study was unsuitable to gain rich, qualitative data from patients with aphasia. The experience of researchers performing these interviews suggests that preparation, emotion, and understanding were three of the main factors influencing their ability to gather useful experiential information from patients with aphasia. Patients with aphasia are valuable contributors to qualitative health services research, and researchers need to be flexible and adaptable in their methods of engagement. ncluding patients with aphasia in health service redesign research requires the use of nontraditional interview techniques. Researchers intending to engage patients with aphasia must devise appropriate strategies and methods to maximize the contributions and valuable communications of these participants.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 13-09-2017
Abstract: he involvement of patients and their families in the redesign of healthcare services is an important option in providing a service that addresses the patients’ needs and improves health outcomes. However, it is a resource-intensive approach, and it is currently not clear when it should be used, and what should be the reasoning behind this decision. Some health systems of international standing have created a patient engagement program as a selling point. This paper discusses how co-led redesign can be beneficial in improving health service and more effectively engaging patients. Potential barriers for patient involvement are discussed. Patient involvement can be integrated into the health system at three main levels of engagement: direct care, organizational design and governance, and policy-making. The aim of this paper is to describe how co-led redesign is compatible with different levels of patient involvement and to address the challenges in delivering a co-led redesign in healthcare. Co-led redesign not only involves the collection of quantitative data for assessing the current systems but also the collection of qualitative data through patient, family, and staff interviews to determine the barriers to patient satisfaction. Co-led redesign is a resource-rich process that requires expertise in data collection and a clinical group that is devoted to implementing recommended changes. Currently, a number of countries have utilized co-led redesign for many different types of healthcare services. Resource availability and cost, process time, and lack of outcome measures are three major limiting factors.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-07-2018
DOI: 10.1080/24694193.2018.1503023
Abstract: The experience of pediatric cancer can be traumatic for children and their families. Living in rural, remote, and regional areas can add to the complexity of care and potential effects on this patient group. Children with cancer who live in rural, remote, and regional settings may be required to travel large distances and spend long periods of time away from home and their "normal" life during phases of treatment and illness. This can lead to further disruption of family life and to the child experiencing new routines and, eventually, difficulties adjusting to life after cancer. The island state of Tasmania is recognized as being rural, remote, and regional. For Tasmanian families who have a child with cancer, accessing both community and hospital-based services for medical treatment can involve complex travel arrangements. Patients may need to travel over a body of water to specialist mainland centers to receive vital treatment. This study was conducted to explore the experiences of children with cancer and their families in Tasmania from the perspective of healthcare professionals (HCPs). Using interpretive description, as described by Thorne, this qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with six HCPs who worked in the area of pediatric oncology. HCPs' identification of the need for in idualized care for each child and family was notable. The overarching theme identified was "How a family copes with having a child with cancer is in idual… but it's also very hard." The five key themes that informed the overarching theme are: (1) The child living with cancer (2) separation and isolation (3) financial impact (4) navigating care systems and (5) emotional and psychosocial wellbeing. A process of normalization of cancer was described by participants and reflects how children's cancer treatment becomes a routine experience for a child. Our findings show that children living in rural, remote, and regional settings may have different experiences in comparison to those living in large centers. The impact the geographic location has on children with cancer affects the child and their family and needs to be explored further.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-07-2022
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 07-02-2020
DOI: 10.2196/12336
Abstract: Aphasia is an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of speech and the ability to read or write. Aphasia is a frequent complication of stroke and is a major disability for patients and their families. The provision of services for stroke patients differs across health care providers and regions, and strategies directed at improving these services have benefited from the involvement of patients. However, patients with aphasia are often excluded from these co-design activities due to a diminished capacity to communicate verbally and a lack of health researcher experience in working with patients with aphasia. The primary aim of this paper is to identify approaches appropriate for working with patients with aphasia in an interview situation and, more generally, determine the importance of including people with aphasia in health service improvement research. The secondary aim is to describe the experiences of researchers involved in interviewing patients with aphasia. A total of 5 poststroke patients with aphasia participated in face-to-face interviews in their homes to gain insight into their in-hospital experience following their stroke. Interviews were audio-recorded, and thematic analysis was performed. The experiences of the researchers interviewing these patients were informally recorded postinterview, and themes were derived from these reflections. The interview technique utilized in this study was unsuitable to gain rich, qualitative data from patients with aphasia. The experience of researchers performing these interviews suggests that preparation, emotion, and understanding were three of the main factors influencing their ability to gather useful experiential information from patients with aphasia. Patients with aphasia are valuable contributors to qualitative health services research, and researchers need to be flexible and adaptable in their methods of engagement. Including patients with aphasia in health service redesign research requires the use of nontraditional interview techniques. Researchers intending to engage patients with aphasia must devise appropriate strategies and methods to maximize the contributions and valuable communications of these participants.
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 02-09-2020
DOI: 10.1111/HSC.13150
Abstract: Reablement is described as a goal directed intervention with a view to maintain or improve the independence of clients through "doing with, rather than doing for". As a relatively new concept in care, lack of specific skills in reablement is not uncommon, however, intrinsic values aligned with reablement are beneficial to organisations providing care and support to clients. The aim of this study is to develop a pre-employment questionnaire to assess readiness for a reablement approach to care as a step towards developing a reablement culture across organisations. A questionnaire based on activities of daily living (ADL), developed by the research team in consultation with a local community-based care organisation, was completed by 166 staff members at a community-based care organisation in Tasmania across several timepoints during and following reablement education sessions in 2018. The scores from these questionnaires were utilised to develop a questionnaire appropriate for determining readiness for reablement prior to employment within the organisation. Over a period of twelve months, a total of 407 Reablement Readiness Questionnaires were submitted by staff, indicating high levels of willingness to engage in reablement prior to and following the education sessions. Exploratory factor analyses were performed, and the construct validity and internal consistency of the emerging factors were assessed. An exploratory factor analysis indicated that ADL, in relation to reablement, consist of three dimensions-Lifestyle, My body and Connecting. The corresponding questions were subsequently built into an online questionnaire for pre-employment use. This questionnaire also has potential benefit in recruitment of staff to other community service organisations, to ascertain their readiness for reablement prior to beginning a variety of different roles within client care and support.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 05-2020
DOI: 10.1111/HSC.12939
Abstract: Low back pain (LBP) remains one of the major public health problems worldwide. However, in low-income countries, such as those in Africa, the epidemiological data on healthcare utilisation for LBP are lacking due to more pressing problems such as infectious diseases, to which the majority of health resources are channelled. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the determinants of healthcare utilisation for LBP in the general population of Ethiopia. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in South-West Shewa zone of Ethiopia from June to November 2018. The data were collected by interviewing adults with LBP (n = 1812, randomly selected) using a psychometrically tested and validated instrument, analysed using R version 3.5.1. A log-binomial regression model was used to determine the prevalence ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) in identifying factors associated with healthcare utilisation for LBP. Estimates of population parameters were also presented with 95% CIs and p values. For all applications of inferential statistics, a p value of ≤.05 was taken as the significance level. The lifetime prevalence of healthcare utilisation for LBP was 36.1%, 95% CI: 33.9-38.1, while the annual prevalence rate was 30%, 95% CI: 27.9-32.2. Of those with a 1-year history of healthcare utilisation, while 7.4%, 95% CI: 4.9-10.3 rural and 36.6%, 95% CI: 29.5-44 urban populations utilised healthcare from general hospitals, 1.4%, 95% CI: 0.3-2.7 rural and 6.8%, 95% CI: 3.1-10.8 urban populations utilised healthcare from specialised hospitals. Several sociodemographic factors, modifiable health behaviours/lifestyle habits, pain interrelated factors, and specific factors such as beliefs about the pain, depressive symptoms and insomnia were associated with healthcare utilisation for LBP. The implications of this research are that it may be prudent for the Ethiopian healthcare policy makers to develop the necessary strategies to meet the health needs of both urban and rural populations with LBP.
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 08-03-2021
DOI: 10.1111/HSC.13331
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-08-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S00296-019-04430-5
Abstract: Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health problem globally, resulting in a significant personal and societal burden. However, little is known about health-care utilisation for optimal management of LBP. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence rate of health-care utilisation for LBP. The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE via Ovid, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched for peer-reviewed articles published in English before March 2018. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata version 14 software. The reported summary statistics including the pooled prevalence rate of health-care utilisation were calculated using a random-effects model. Of 5801 identified records, 20 met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The prevalence rate of health-care utilisation for LBP varied regionally, the pooled prevalence rate was 67%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 50-84 in the USA, 47%, 95% CI 39-56 in the UK and 48%, 95% CI 33-63 in Europe. General practitioners, chiropractors and physical therapists were health-care providers commonly engaged in the management of LBP patients, while medication treatment, exercise, massage therapy and spinal manipulation were common prescriptions. A range of factors influencing the decision to seek and use health-care for LBP were also identified. Despite LBP being a common public health problem, a significant proportion of people with the pain fail to use health-care. It is apparent from this review that there is possibly skewed data, as the evidence to date is largely from developed countries. Therefore, it is warranted that future studies investigate the epidemiology of health-care utilisation for LBP in developing countries.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 25-10-2022
DOI: 10.1177/17449871211051566
Abstract: Theories are integral to a research project, providing the logic underlying what, how, and/or why a particular phenomenon happens. Alternatively, models are used to guide a research project by representing theories and visualising the structural framework of causal pathways by showing the different levels of analysis. With the rise in chronic and behaviour-related diseases, health behaviour theories and models have a particular importance in designing appropriate and research led behavioural intervention strategies. However, there is a dearth of papers that explain the role of behavioural theories and models in research projects. The aim of this paper is to synthesise existing evidence on the relevance of health behaviour theories and models in research projects. This paper reviews health behaviour theories and models commonly underpinning research projects in public health and clinical practices. The electronic databases, such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus, as well as the search engines Google and Google Scholar were searched to identify health behaviour theories and models. Theories and models are essential in a research project. Theories provide the underlying reason for the occurrence of a phenomenon by explaining what the key drivers and outcomes of the target phenomenon are and why, and what underlying processes are responsible for causing that phenomenon. Models on the other hand provide guidance to a research project and assist in visualising the structural framework of causal pathways by showing the different levels of analysis. Health behaviour theories and models in particular offer valuable insights for designing effective and sustainable research projects for improved public health practice. By employing appropriate health behaviour theory and/or model as a research framework, researchers will be able to identify relevant variables and translate these into clinical and public health practices.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 02-2018
DOI: 10.2196/JOPM.8957
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.PEDN.2018.08.012
Abstract: Against a backdrop of increasing debate regarding children's voice and position within health care and the struggle to effectively implement Family-Centred Care (FCC) in practice, the concept of Child-Centred Care (CCC) has emerged. The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of CCC and its potential theoretical alignment with an ecological approach to health care. The paper will draw on practice-based research, highlighting the differences and similarities of CC against the more established FCC. Arguments will be presented to show that rather than competing with FCC, CCC has the potential to complement or extend traditional FCC, by placing children in a more prominent and central position than that which they currently hold within health care.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Steve Campbell.