ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3861-365X
Current Organisation
Alfred-Wegener-Institut fur Polar und Meeresforschung Forschungsstelle Potsdam
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Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-08-2023
DOI: 10.3390/SU151712795
Abstract: This paper aimed to (1) develop a hierarchy for understanding the impacts of active and non-active transport modes on the environment and (2) analyse the adoption of active transportation between older and younger people. A narrative review with two parts was adopted to develop the hierarchy. In the first part, a framework was adopted to map active and non-active transport modes onto three operational boundaries of greenhouse gas emission to develop the hierarchy. In the second part, an intergenerational theoretical framework was developed to analyse the adoption of active transportation between older and younger people. The review suggests that the only active transport modes with no or negligible carbon footprint are walking, running, and swimming without a product that adds to atmospheric greenhouse gases. The evidence that younger people perform higher active transportation behaviour is inconsistent and is, therefore, inconclusive. This review suggests a need for manufacturers to prioritise the production of active vehicles (e.g., wheelchairs and scooters) that are biodegradable, recyclable, and small.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 04-03-2021
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU21-8440
Abstract: & & & span& Assessing& /span& & span& the effects of sediment inhomogeneity on & /span& & span& the & /span& & span& core& /span& & span& stratigraphy and on & /span& & span& roxy records is essential to perform reliable climate reconstructions from & /span& & span& marine & /span& & span& sediment& /span& & span& s& /span& & span& . & /span& & span& Inhomogeneities can stem from s& /span& & span& ediment mixing & /span& & span& (e.g., bioturbation) & /span& & span& which & /span& & span& destroys the temporally layered climatic information stored in proxy carrier. & /span& & span& Thus& /span& & span& , in addition to the measurement error, the time-uncertainty in radiocarbon-dated sediments must be taken into account & /span& & span& for depth-age & /span& & span& modelling in order to obtain an unambiguous time scale. & /span& & & & & H& span& ere, we present a case-& /span& & span& study based on a boxc& /span& & span& or& /span& & span& e& /span& & span& (OR1-1218-C2-BC) & /span& & span& from the South China Sea & /span& & span& (2208 m water depth) & /span& & span& covering the last 20 k& /span& & span& yr& /span& & span& .& /span& & span& The boxcore was ided into nine sub-cores by a grid of 3 x 3& /span& & span& (& /span& & span& each & /span& & span& sub-core is & /span& & span& x 8 cm & /span& & span& with a & /span& & span& length & /span& & span& of & /span& & span& cm), yielding a total surface area of & /span& & span& & /span& & span& cm& /span& & sup& & span& & /span& & /sup& & span& . This s ling scheme offers the possibility for detailed, three-dimensional analyses on small spatial scales& /span& & span& . Radiocarbon measurements were performed in every sub-core for seven depth layers, each with a fraction of 200 crushed and well mixed foraminifera (& /span& & span& & em& Trilobatus sacculifer& /em& & /span& & span& ,& /span& & span& & em& & /em& & /span& & span& & #8211 350 & #181 m) to study the horizontal sediment heterogen& /span& & span& e& /span& & span& ity. In addition, small s le (5 specimen) replicate radiocarbon measurements from a single sediment s le allow to estimate the age heterogeneity & /span& & span& within a & /span& & span& & /span& & span& cm sediment slice& /span& & span& and thus the vertical mixing from bioturbation. The replicate radiocarbon dates suggest a bioturbation depth of around 12 cm & /span& & span& h& /span& & span& owever, the downcore radiocarbon dates show no clear sign of a well-mixed bioturbation layer. Using statistical analysis & /span& & span& (e.g., spatial correlation measures and & /span& & span& variance & /span& & span& analys& /span& & span& e& /span& & span& s)& /span& & span& , we separate the errors from the radiocarbon measurements, the finite s le size and both the vertical and horizontal heter& /span& & span& o& /span& & span& geneity& /span& & span& . Comparing the radiocarbon dates in the sub-cores & /span& & span& indicates a small & /span& & span& horizontal heterogeneity compared to the vertical mixing. & /span& & & & & & span& T& /span& & span& he thr& /span& & span& ee-dimensional& /span& & span& data & /span& & span& set & /span& & span& allows us to quantify the effect introduced by (post-depositional) sediment mixing on the age-estimate as well as on the proxy signal and to discuss the effects on low-sediment& /span& & span& at& /span& & span& ion climate records. & /span& & span& This will provide a better quantification of uncertainties with& /span& & span& in& /span& & span& proxy time series.& /span& & &
Location: Germany
Location: Svalbard and Jan Mayen
Location: No location found
No related grants have been discovered for Alexandra Mirjam Zuhr.