ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9994-8640
Current Organisation
London South Bank University
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2018.07.019
Abstract: Research indicates that, over time, exclusive e-cigarette users (vapers) gradually reduce the nicotine concentration in their e-liquid and transition to more sophisticated devices. Alongside this, consumption of e-liquid increases and constant cotinine levels are maintained. We aimed to confirm these observations in 27 experienced vapers tested at baseline and 12 months later, by measuring nicotine absorption (via salivary levels of the nicotine metabolite cotinine ng/mL), nicotine concentrations in e-liquid (mg/mL), volume of e-liquid consumed (mL per day), device types and flavours used, both at baseline and 12 months. Vapers reduced both their nicotine concentrations in e-liquid over 12 months (from 13.83 mg/mL at baseline to 9.91 at follow up) but significantly increased their e-liquid consumption (from 4.44 to 6.84 mL). No significant changes in salivary cotinine concentrations (370.88 ng/mL at baseline and 415.78 ng/mL at follow up) were observed. There was an increase in sub-ohming (using an atomiser coil with resistance of <1 Ω with increased power) at 12 months, and in the use of fruit flavoured e-liquids. Our s le of experienced vapers reduced the concentration of nicotine in their e-liquid over time, but maintained their nicotine intake possibly through self-titration via more intensive puffing. Findings suggest there may be little benefit in reducing nicotine e-liquid concentration since this appears to result in higher e-liquid consumption which may incur both a financial and health cost. Gaining an understanding of underlying reasons for lowering e-liquid concentration would be a useful line of empirical enquiry.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 23-01-2021
DOI: 10.1093/NTR/NTAB013
Abstract: In a secondary analysis of our published data demonstrating compensatory vaping behavior (increased puff number, puff duration, and device power) with e-cigarettes refilled with low versus high nicotine concentration e-liquid, here we examine 5-day time course over which compensatory behavior occurs under fixed and adjustable power settings. Nineteen experienced vapers (37.90 ± 10.66 years, eight females) vaped ad libitum for 5 consecutive days under four counterbalanced conditions (ie, 20 days in total): (1) low nicotine (6 mg/mL)/fixed power (4.0 V/10 W) (2) low nicotine/adjustable power (3) high nicotine (18 mg/mL)/fixed power (4) high nicotine/adjustable power (at 1.6 Ohm). Puff number, puff duration, and power settings were recorded by the device. For each day, total daily puffing time was calculated by multiplying daily puff number by mean daily puff duration. A significant day × setting interaction revealed that whilst puffing compensation (daily puffing time) continued to increase over 5 days under fixed power, it remained stable when power settings were adjustable. Separate analysis for puff number and puff duration suggested that the puffing compensatory behavior was largely maintained via longer puff duration. Under fixed power conditions (4.0 V/10 W), vapers appear to compensate for poor nicotine delivery by taking longer puffs and this compensatory puffing appears to be maintained over time. Studies in smokers suggest that when switching to lower nicotine levels, compensation for poorer nicotine delivery is transient. Our novel findings suggest that vapers show a different pattern of compensation which is influenced by both nicotine strength and device power settings. When power is fixed (4.0 V 10 W), compensation (via more intensive puffing) appears prolonged, persisting up to 5 days. Under adjustable settings when power is increased, puffing patterns remain stable over time. Implications of such compensatory behaviors for product safety and user satisfaction need further exploration.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-09-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-06-2018
DOI: 10.1111/ADD.14271
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-07-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ADD.16294
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine which combination(s) of five e‐cigarette‐orientated intervention components, delivered on‐line, affect smoking cessation. An on‐line (UK) balanced five‐factor (2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 32 intervention combinations) randomized factorial design guided by the multi‐phase optimization strategy (MOST) was used. A total of 1214 eligible participants (61% female 97% white) were recruited via social media. The five on‐line intervention components designed to help smokers switch to exclusive e‐cigarette use were: (1) tailored device selection advice (2) tailored e‐liquid nicotine strength advice (3): tailored e‐liquid flavour advice (4) brief information on relative harms and (5) text message (SMS) support. The primary outcome was 4‐week self‐reported complete abstinence at 12 weeks post‐randomization. Primary analyses were intention‐to‐treat (loss to follow‐up recorded as smoking). Logistic regressions modelled the three‐ and two‐way interactions and main effects, explored in that order. In the adjusted model the only significant interaction was a two‐way interaction, advice on flavour combined with text message support, which increased the odds of abstinence (odds ratio = 1.55, 95% confidence interval = 1.13–2.14, P = 0.007, Bayes factor = 7.25). There were no main effects of the intervention components. Text‐message support with tailored advice on flavour is a promising intervention combination for smokers using an e‐cigarette in a quit attempt.
Publisher: Qeios Ltd
Date: 09-06-2020
DOI: 10.32388/9RDLJA.3
Publisher: Qeios Ltd
Date: 27-03-2020
DOI: 10.32388/9RDLJA.2
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Catherine Kimber.