ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2250-9804
Current Organisation
Universidad de Pamplona
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-06-2021
Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Date: 23-10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.WASMAN.2009.11.013
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to evaluate environmental impacts of construction wastes in terms of the LIFE 98 ENV/E/351 project. Construction wastes are classified in accordance with the Life Program Environment Directive of the European Commission. Three different scenarios to current waste management from a case study in Catalonia (Spain) have been compared: landfilling, recycling and incineration, and these scenarios were evaluated by means of Life Cycle Assessment. The recommendations of the Catalan Waste Catalogue and the European Waste Catalogue have been taken into account. Also, the influence of transport has been evaluated. Results show that in terms of the Global Warming Potential, the most environmentally friendly treatment was recycling, followed by incineration and lastly landfilling. According to the influence of treatment plants location on the GWP indicator, we observe that incineration and recycling of construction wastes are better than landfilling, even for long distances from the building site to the plants. This is true for most wastes except for the stony types, than should be recycled close to the building site. In summary, data from construction waste of a Catalan case study was evaluated using the well established method of LCA to determine the environmental impacts.
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Date: 18-09-2017
DOI: 10.2166/WH.2017.028
Abstract: A new rapid, sensitive and selective method for rotavirus detection in water s les is described in this paper. Amino pink magnetic microparticles were functionalized with monoclonal antibodies and used to capture, concentrate, separate and detect infectious rotavirus particles in distilled and drinking water s les. The fluorescence of the microparticles was used to determine the presumptive presence of rotaviruses by using confocal microscopy. Atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to confirm the presence of the anti-rotavirus antibodies attached to the surface of the magnetic microparticles as well as that of viruses attached through the antibody. In addition, RNA extraction, quantification and lification were carried out to validate the microscopic observations. The selectivity of the microparticles was tested in a s le containing a mix of enteric viruses. It was concluded that functionalizing fluoromagnetic microparticles with anti-rotavirus monoclonal antibodies constituted a fast, simple and reliable technique for detecting as low as 10 Rotavirus particles in 1 L of artificial or real water in just 2 hours.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 25-12-2017
DOI: 10.3390/SU10010038
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 11-03-2014
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-03-2019
DOI: 10.3390/AGRICULTURE9030044
Abstract: The production of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Colombia has a significant environmental and socioeconomic importance as a promissory crop in the post-conflict process. The department of Norte de Santander has cocoa crops that are dramatically affected by fungal pathogens causing important losses during harvest and post-harvest. Therefore, the current study focused on the determination of the incidence of diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi in cocoa crops, and the identification of primary phytopathogenic fungi found in biological material from different farms of the region. The study was conducted in four municipalities of the department, by s ling fruits infected with frosty pod rot (FPR) and black pod rot (BPR) that presented in situ incidence ranging from 0.37 to 21.58% and from 1.75 to 35.59%, respectively. The studied hybrid materials, together with clone TSH 65, were found to be the most susceptible, while the remaining clones were more tolerant, especially CCN 51, IMC 67, and ICS95. Fifteen strains were isolated using in vitro assays and then morphologically characterized both in solid media and by microscopy. Nine of them corresponded to the pathogen Moniliophthora roreri, and other six to Phytophthora palmivora. The isolated agents showed in vitro morphological variability, as well as the ability to adapt to different environments when growing in situ.
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 04-2016
DOI: 10.1590/1809-4430-ENG.AGRIC.V36N2P260-270/2016
Abstract: ABSTRACT Cocoa is an important commercial crop in the tropics and estimating the carbon emissions in the producing-areas is a worthwhile effort. The main goal of the current paper was to evaluate the carbon footprint (CF) per kilogram of Colombian cocoa bean produced under conventional and agroforestry managements, following the methods proposed by PAS 2050. In this research, we compared our results to other worldwide researches, showing an overview of the current limitations and challenges involving the CF researches. Our results showed that all calculated environmental burdens were lower for the conventional management. In the agroforestry practice, composting of cocoa pod husks contributed with approximately 34.00E+00 g methane and 2.55E+00 g nitrous oxide emissions per kilogram of cocoa grain produced. Therefore, such practice could reduce CF by 6.00E+00 kg CO2 Eq kg-1, which is certainly a significant amount. These cocoa residues left on the ground have a strong impact on CF of both studied managements due to the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, which represents more than 85% of emissions. We concluded that both evaluated production processes can emit environmental burdens at the same magnitude. Definitely, there is a widespread need to improve cocoa production system by changing old and less productive plants to the so called clones to ensure cocoa yield and quality worldwide.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-12-2017
DOI: 10.3390/EN10122117
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2009
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 09-2015
DOI: 10.1590/1807-1929/AGRIAMBI.V19N9P823-828
Abstract: ABSTRACTThe main objective of the present research was to calculate the water footprint of the Colombian cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) production. The evaluation of crop water requirement and irrigation requirement were based on climate, soil and crop conditions in the country. The water requirement estimation was based on data from six municipalities selected for their representativeness of the highest yield, productivity and commercial dynamics of the country. The results show that the Water footprint reached 17,100 m3 t-1. At the province level, the highest record for this parameter was observed in Tolima, with 23,239 m3t-1, while Huila registered the lowest level, with 13,475 m3t-1. Water use per crop unit can be influenced not only by agro-meteorological conditions, but also by the level of production. Therefore, a region with a low water footprint value for a specific crop usually has a favorable climatic condition. Crop evapotranspiration was found to be relatively low, and the highest yields were obtained in association with more productive cropping levels. Given the complexity of a hydrological phenomenon like crop evapotranspiration, the magnitude of these differences may be considered to be small.
Publisher: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
Date: 07-2018
Abstract: The experimental process was proposed in order to establish the viability of substituting part of the mineral fraction used at present (clayey material) by residues of combustion processes (ashes) of coal in thermoelectric, as an element to reduce the carbon footprint of the process of production of ceramic products, without altering the quality, properties and functionality of the final product. The study focuses on the specific case of a brick-making company in the metropolitan area of Cúcuta, and on the substitution of 10% of the raw material (clay) for ashes from the thermoelectric plant, for the production of ceramic blocks. The analyses carried out establish an energy saving derived from the use of 10% fly ash equivalent to 997.12Kg of Norte de Santander coal per burn. The results determine that, in the case of brick production, the annual reduction of emissions associated with the production process, with the use of ashes from the thermoelectric, would be 849.48 tons of CO2. Thus, the carbon footprint is reduced by 16.39kgCO2equiv/t finished product, which represents a decrease of 5.99% of the carbon footprint compared to the conventional process.
Publisher: Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrograficas (IPABHi)
Date: 15-04-2016
Abstract: There is currently great concern about the processes that directly or indirectly contribute to the potential for global warming, such as stratospheric ozone depletion or acidification. In this context, and provided that treated water is a basic public utility in urban centers around the world as well as in some rural areas, its impact on the environment is of great interest. Therefore, this study applied the environmental methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental loads of four potable water treatment plants (PWTPs) located in northeastern Colombia following the international guidelines delineated in ISO 14040. The different stages of the drinking water process were thoroughly assessed, from the catchment point through pumping to the distribution network. The functional unit was defined as 1 m3 of drinking water produced at the plant. The data were analyzed through the database Ecoinvent v.3.01, and modeled and processed in the software LCA-Data Manager. The results showed that in plants PLA-CA and PLA-PO, the flocculation process has the highest environmental load, which is mostly attributable to the coagulant agent, with a range between 47-73% of the total impact. In plants PLA-TON and PLA-BOS, electricity consumption was identified as the greatest impact source, with percentages ranging from 67 to 85%. Treatment processes and techniques, bioclimatic conditions and culturally driven consumption behavior varied from region to region. Furthermore, changes in treatment processes and techniques are likely to affect the environment during all stages of a plant’s operational cycle.
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 06-2017
Abstract: ABSTRACT Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a tropical tree, seriously affected by fungal diseases. To control several pathogens, biological methods are prescribed since they are friendly to the environment and easy to use. The main objective of this study was to assess the biocontrol effect of two native strains, Trichoderma viride and Botryosphaeria quercum, on phytopathogens such as Phytophthora palmivora and Moniliophtora roreri, causal agents of black pod and frosty pod rot diseases, respectively. In addition, biocontrolers were faced on potential mycotoxigenic fungi such as Aspergills flavus and Fusarium solani, which are very common on cocoa. The Bio-Control Index (BCI) was calculated to determine the in vitro biocontrol effect against the four phytopathogens. Results indicated that the best biocontrol agent of phytopathogens was B. quercum, showing BCI of 82.3%, 80.7%, 63.3% and 59.7% for each tested phytopathogen, respectively. Competition for substrate was the dominant biocontrol strategy. As to the origin of strains, those coming from the Department Norte de Santander and Santander showed the highest average inhibition percentage. This study provides an initial screening to the endophytic and antagonistic potential of fungi, specifically those capable of colonizing cocoa pods and soils. Thus, these strains can be used as an efficient biological control alternative against several known phytopathogens of cocoa in the field.
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 12-2016
DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2016001200003
Abstract: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the microbicidal effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on potentially toxigenic fungi affecting cocoa (Theobroma cacao) crops. These fungi, isolated from diseased cocoa pods, were characterized phenotypically and genotypically. The microbicidal effect was assessed by measuring radial mycelial growth, in synthetic culture media, and at different AgNP concentrations in plant tissues. The inhibition effect was monitored in Petri dishes, and changes in fungal structures were observed through scanning electron microscopy. Two potentially toxigenic fungi were highly prevalent: Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium solani. The inhibition assays, performed in liquid and solid synthetic culture media, showed that AgNPs did not significantly affect the growth of these fungi, even at the highest concentration (100 ppm). By contrast, they showed a positive inhibitory effect in plant tissues, especially in the cortex, when infected with A. flavus, in which an 80 ppm dose completely inhibited fungal growth. However, once fungi have managed to penetrate inside the pods, their growth is unavoidable, and AgNP effect is reduced. On F. solani, the studied nanomaterial only induced some texture and pigmentation changes. The microbicidal effect of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles is greater in plant tissues than in culture media.
Publisher: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
Date: 09-2020
Abstract: At present, there are a large number of quality improvement techniques, making it difficult for companies to decide which to apply. In this research, the paste preparation area of a ceramic tile manufacturing company was studied, and the result of this stage is directly reflected in the quality of the final product. The general objective was to apply the Six Sigma methodology in the paste preparation process of a ceramic company likewise, to evaluate the measurements of the variables that intervene in the paste preparation area of the productive process of a ceramic company and the causes that affect the quality. The application of the six sigma methodology requires the application of statistical tools because the term sigma represents the standard deviation of a distribution and is key to know its variability (Sharma, Bhardwaj, & Kumar, 2013). The implemented methodology is the one proposed in the DMAMC cycle: Design, Measurement, Analysis, Improvement, and Control or DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). The critical quality variables were established for each of the three stages of the pasta preparation area: raw materials, grinding, and atomization. The data obtained in the technological tests were organized in tables and graphs, to analyze the results qualitatively and quantitatively, using Minitab and SPSS. As a result, the evaluation of the paste preparation area is obtained, as well as the processing capacity of the different variables of the raw material stage, which exceeds 95%, except for the variables of loss by fire and viscosity. As for the grinding stage, the variable viscosity (Z = 1.45), with a processing capacity equivalent to approximately 85%. There are statistically significant differences. Finally, the variables of the atomization stage have a higher process capacity, 98%.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2010.02.021
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to study and quantify the differences in energy consumption and environmental impacts of two dwellings during the full building life cycle: one in Spain, a developed country, and one in Colombia, a country under development. In both scenarios, we assessed the construction, use and end-of-life phases. Results show that the use phase in the P lona house (Colombia) represents a lower percentage for all impacts in the total than in the Barcelona house (Spain). The findings of this study showed that the difference in consumption in Colombia and Spanish dwellings analysed is not only due to the variation in results for bio-climatic differences but also because of the consumption habits in each country. The importance of consumption habits of citizens and the need to decouple socio-economic development from energy consumption are sought for achieving sustainability from a life cycle perspective. There is a crucial necessity to provide satisfaction to basic needs and comfort requirements of population with reasonable and sustainable energy consumption. Then, the type of standard dwelling varies substantially depending on the geographic location where it is built. Climate, technological, cultural, socio-economical differences clearly define the standard of a building in any context and in any region. However, the function is always the same, to provide protection and housing for its habitants.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
No related grants have been discovered for oscar orlando ortiz rodriguez.