Targeted alpha therapy: development of a new treatment for metastatic cancer

Funded Activity Summary

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed, malignant cancer in women and prostate cancer is the most common non-life style related cancer in men. In spite of the most aggressive therapy, a significant percentage of men and women die of secondary disease (metastases) which usually spreads in the early stages. Currently, therapy is limited to chemotherapy and hormone therapy, both of which show clinical improvement but long term survival is uncertain. Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is a new cancer treatment that we are developing in mouse models of human breast and prostate cancer. With TAT we are exploiting the fact that aggressive breast and prostate cancer cells, but not normal cells, express a particular tissue-barrier degrading protein system (uPA) which is specifically recognised by a natural inhibitor protein (PAI2). This protein inhibitor is labeled with a highly effective cell killing agent, a radioisotope that emits high energy alpha particles with a short range of only a few cell diameters . The alpha-labeled PAI2 selectively kills cancer cells at their most malignant stage by targeting the uPA system on these cells. Another benefit of TAT is that little radiation damage occurs to nearby or distant normal cells. Thus side-effects would be minimised. The outcome of our research to date has been to show the potential of our unique TAT approach as a possible new therapy for breast and prostate cancer. This therapy may well prove beneficial for other cancers. Further safety evaluations studies in mice will be followed by a dose tolerance clinical trial in humans. We expect to be able to show that our TAT will regress breast and prostate cancer tumours without complications in mice. The human trials will show the tolerance limits to TAT. If successful, TAT could provide the basis for a major change in prognosis and quality of life of breast and prostate cancer patients.

Funded Activity Details

Start Date: 01-01-2002

End Date: 01-01-2003

Funding Scheme: NHMRC Development Grants

Funding Amount: $394,400.00

Funder: National Health and Medical Research Council

Research Topics

ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)

Radiotherapy And Nuclear Medicine

ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)

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Other Keywords

cancer | clinical trials | dose tolerance | drug targetting | invasion and metastasis | micrometastases | targeted alpha therapy | toxicology | tumour specific targetting | urokinase

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