Discovering the molecular controls of epigenetic inheritance . This project aims to investigate the way in which acquired traits can be inherited. The environment that an individual is exposed to can change the characteristics of not only that individual, but also their children and grandchildren. We do not yet understand the mechanisms by which this “epigenetic inheritance” occurs. Using interdisciplinary approaches, this project combines the power of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans ....Discovering the molecular controls of epigenetic inheritance . This project aims to investigate the way in which acquired traits can be inherited. The environment that an individual is exposed to can change the characteristics of not only that individual, but also their children and grandchildren. We do not yet understand the mechanisms by which this “epigenetic inheritance” occurs. Using interdisciplinary approaches, this project combines the power of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans with cutting-edge single molecule microscopy techniques to determine the molecular mechanisms by which the environment can impact future generations. This should ultimately provide society with the means to harness the power of epigenetics.Read moreRead less
Particle astrophysics with the Pierre Auger observatory. Australia's scientific reputation is enhanced through participation in international collaborations that aim to solve long-standing mysteries in science. The Pierre Auger Observatory covers a huge 3000 square km in western Argentina, where we are attempting to solve one of the biggest puzzles in modern astrophysics - the origin of the highest energy cosmic rays, particles 100 million times more energetic than we can produce on Earth. Ade ....Particle astrophysics with the Pierre Auger observatory. Australia's scientific reputation is enhanced through participation in international collaborations that aim to solve long-standing mysteries in science. The Pierre Auger Observatory covers a huge 3000 square km in western Argentina, where we are attempting to solve one of the biggest puzzles in modern astrophysics - the origin of the highest energy cosmic rays, particles 100 million times more energetic than we can produce on Earth. Adelaide scientists were founding members of the Auger project, and now have leading roles within the experiment. This is providing our students with access to world-class facilities and researchers in a field which has moved to the mainstream of astrophysics research.Read moreRead less
Visualising chromatin changes in 3 dimensions: super to ultra resolution. Packaging of genomic information into the nucleus of a cell necessitates the formation of tightly compacted and highly organized genomic structures within the nucleus, a configuration that is inherently repressive for gene transcription. Hence, mechanisms that alter the spatial organisation of DNA are critical to enable a variety of genome functions, including DNA transcription. This proposal will utilise novel adaptations ....Visualising chromatin changes in 3 dimensions: super to ultra resolution. Packaging of genomic information into the nucleus of a cell necessitates the formation of tightly compacted and highly organized genomic structures within the nucleus, a configuration that is inherently repressive for gene transcription. Hence, mechanisms that alter the spatial organisation of DNA are critical to enable a variety of genome functions, including DNA transcription. This proposal will utilise novel adaptations of super resolution microscopy to visualise in 3 dimensions how changes in chromatin modifications impact genome spatial organisation within the nucleus, and how this then links to cellular differentiation. This will provide a picture of how spatial organisation within the nucleus supports general cell differentiation.
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Comparing properties of innate immune proteins of bats and humans. Supra-molecular protein complexes known as signalosomes drive our innate immune response by forming large signaling hubs capable of recruiting downstream effectors. This project aims to compare the properties and structure of human and bat signalosomes and discover the molecular origins of the “supra-immunity” of bats. In this context, the project expects to generate new knowledge concerning the fundamental molecular mechanisms t ....Comparing properties of innate immune proteins of bats and humans. Supra-molecular protein complexes known as signalosomes drive our innate immune response by forming large signaling hubs capable of recruiting downstream effectors. This project aims to compare the properties and structure of human and bat signalosomes and discover the molecular origins of the “supra-immunity” of bats. In this context, the project expects to generate new knowledge concerning the fundamental molecular mechanisms that regulate the signalosomes. The intended outcome is to answer the long-standing question of control of speed and amplitude of innate immune response at the molecular level. Both locally and internationally, this new approach should provide benefits across structural biology, molecular evolution and biotechnology.Read moreRead less
In depth characterisation of the gamma delta T cell immune synapse. This project aims to comprehensively characterise the activation principles of gamma delta T cells. These cells have an understudied but central role in vertebrate immunity and development. A missing piece of the puzzle is how gamma delta T cells sense stress and how this signal leads to activation. Expected outcomes include the generation of fundamental knowledge in immunology and structural biology. This proposal uses high-ski ....In depth characterisation of the gamma delta T cell immune synapse. This project aims to comprehensively characterise the activation principles of gamma delta T cells. These cells have an understudied but central role in vertebrate immunity and development. A missing piece of the puzzle is how gamma delta T cells sense stress and how this signal leads to activation. Expected outcomes include the generation of fundamental knowledge in immunology and structural biology. This proposal uses high-skilled techniques, including cryo-electron microscopy and single-molecule imaging and holds ancillary benefits to postgraduate students. Anticipated outcomes include influential publications, building a critical mass of expertise in Australia and fostering international collaborations with Australia at the epicentre.Read moreRead less
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray and Neutrino Astronomy using Radio Telescopes. There will be an increase in Australian visibility in the high energy astrophysics community and stronger links between and within the fields of radio astronomy and high energy astrophysics in Australia, and internationally. This project will enhance Australian participation in the international Square Kilometre Array. By making observations using the Australia Telescope we may discover the first UHE neutrino - this wo ....Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray and Neutrino Astronomy using Radio Telescopes. There will be an increase in Australian visibility in the high energy astrophysics community and stronger links between and within the fields of radio astronomy and high energy astrophysics in Australia, and internationally. This project will enhance Australian participation in the international Square Kilometre Array. By making observations using the Australia Telescope we may discover the first UHE neutrino - this would have huge impact and prestige for Australia. The technology developed resulting from this project will contribute to Australia's IT base. Read moreRead less
LUNASKA, a theoretical and experimental project for UHE neutrino astrophysics using a giant radio observatory. There will be an increase in Australian visibility in the high energy astrophysics community and stronger links between and within the fields of radio astronomy and high energy astrophysics in Australia, and internationally. This project will enhance Australian participation in the international Square Kilometre Array. By making observations using the Australia Telescope we may discov ....LUNASKA, a theoretical and experimental project for UHE neutrino astrophysics using a giant radio observatory. There will be an increase in Australian visibility in the high energy astrophysics community and stronger links between and within the fields of radio astronomy and high energy astrophysics in Australia, and internationally. This project will enhance Australian participation in the international Square Kilometre Array. By making observations using the Australia Telescope we may discover the first UHE neutrino - this would have huge impact and prestige for Australia. The technology developed resulting from this project will contribute to Australia's IT base. Hosting an international workshop will benefit national prestige and economy. Read moreRead less
Energetic particle interactions in the universe: consequences for cosmic ray, gamma ray and neutrino astrophysics. The most energetic phenomena in the Universe will be explored with giant cosmic ray, neutrino and gamma ray telescopes. Particles accelerated or produced in astrophysical sources interact in their magnetic, matter and radiation environment, making cosmic rays, gamma rays and neutrinos. Subsequently, interactions in space as they travel to Earth change what we see. With theoretical w ....Energetic particle interactions in the universe: consequences for cosmic ray, gamma ray and neutrino astrophysics. The most energetic phenomena in the Universe will be explored with giant cosmic ray, neutrino and gamma ray telescopes. Particles accelerated or produced in astrophysical sources interact in their magnetic, matter and radiation environment, making cosmic rays, gamma rays and neutrinos. Subsequently, interactions in space as they travel to Earth change what we see. With theoretical work proposed in this project we aim to determine where in the Universe the highest energy cosmic rays originate, and the fundamental processes responsible for them. It will also lead to a greater understanding of how active galaxies and other astrophysical objects function.Read moreRead less
Neutral hydrogen and galaxy assembly in the distant Universe. This research will produce a snapshot of hydrogen gas in the Universe 6-7 billion years ago. These results, together with galaxy formation models, will tell us how galaxies are assembled to make the beautiful spirals we see today. This project is only possible because of rapid advances in programmable chip technology, part of the massive increase in the speed and complexity of integrated circuit devices.
Astrophysics with the CANGAROO III Gamma-ray Telescope. This project will explore the last remaining part of the electromagnetic spectrum previously inaccessible in astronomy. It covers two decades of photon energy, above those accessible to satellite telescopes, and below those accessible to previous generations of ground-based VHE gamma-ray telescopes. Observations in those other energy ranges give us confidence that there is much to be discovered. We will provide an Australian contribution ....Astrophysics with the CANGAROO III Gamma-ray Telescope. This project will explore the last remaining part of the electromagnetic spectrum previously inaccessible in astronomy. It covers two decades of photon energy, above those accessible to satellite telescopes, and below those accessible to previous generations of ground-based VHE gamma-ray telescopes. Observations in those other energy ranges give us confidence that there is much to be discovered. We will provide an Australian contribution to the CANGAROO III telescope project, supporting the multi-million dollar contribution of our Japanese partners. Based at Woomera, this work maintains Australian access to a key astrophysical field at very modest cost.Read moreRead less