Optimising Treatment As Prevention Strategies For Hepatitis C And HIV
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$471,809.00
Summary
New evidence shows how hepatitis C (HCV) and HIV transmission can be reduced dramatically through timely treatment initiation - treatment as prevention (TasP). TasP has re-focused attention on early HCV and HIV detection and treatment. Through observational studies, randomised control trials and the development of innovative surveillance systems, this fellowship will inform ways to maximise the potential of HCV and HIV prevention responses in Australia and internationally in this new TasP era.
To Investigate Rates Of Peritonitis In Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients In Australia And Perform A Pilot Study Aimed At Reducing These Rates
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$92,314.00
Summary
Overall aims: To establish how much variation in PD practice exists between renal units in Australia; to establish current practice in 8 units; to perform an intervention study in 8 units; to analyse registry data re peritonitis in PD patients; to conduct interviews with PD patients who have had peritonitis. Expected outcomes: To establish if practice variation is associated with peritonitis rates; to see if active guideline implementation leads to better peritonitis rates; to establish the reas ....Overall aims: To establish how much variation in PD practice exists between renal units in Australia; to establish current practice in 8 units; to perform an intervention study in 8 units; to analyse registry data re peritonitis in PD patients; to conduct interviews with PD patients who have had peritonitis. Expected outcomes: To establish if practice variation is associated with peritonitis rates; to see if active guideline implementation leads to better peritonitis rates; to establish the reasons why therapy fails.Read moreRead less
A Pragmatic Randomised Clinical Trial Of Nicotine Vaporisers Added To Smoking Cessation Treatment For Priority Populations Living With Comorbidities
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,499,145.00
Summary
Smoking is a leading cause of early death for people with certain health conditions because they are more likely to smoke and are also at greater risk of tobacco-related disease. This clinical trial will test whether encouraging people living with Hepatitis C Virus, people on opiate substitution therapy and people living with HIV who smoke to use nicotine vaporisers long-term, in addition to current smoking cessation treatments, will help them to stay abstinent from smoking.
Applied Research In The Prevention And Control Of Infections In The Hospital Setting
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$174,434.00
Summary
Hospital infections result in increased: (1) length of stay; (2) costs to the healthcare system and individual and (3) morbidity/mortality. Vaccination and hand hygiene are both proven infection control practices. However, compliance rates are still less than ideal. I will study how a new innovative method impacts on uptake of both. Barriers to masks as an infection control strategy will also be examined, as they are one of the few strategies that can be guaranteed to be available in a pandemic.
Infection, Immunity And Immigration Models For Prevention And Control Of Infectious Diseases In Refugees
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$290,615.00
Summary
Australia accepts refugees on humanitarian grounds, with a high proportion of these currently from Africa and the Middle East and many have serious infections such as TB or malaria. The outcomes of refugee children with serious infections, and the relationship of these outcomes to a range of cultural, socio-demographic and clinical factors have not been widely studied in refugees. This research will enable development of a model for optimal care of refugee children with serious illness.
Validation Of The Acceptability And Reliability Of Anal Swabs Used For Cytological Screening Among HIV+ MSM
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$76,108.00
Summary
This study will be screening HIV-positive men who have sex with men for Anal Squamous Intra-epithelial Lesions.These lesions, if left untreated, could develop into anal cancer. The study will take anal cytology swabs from 1000 HIV-positive men who attend the HIV clinic at St Vincent's hospital. Those men who are identified as having high-grade lesions (HSIL) or atypical cells (ASCUS) will be offered follow up by the principal investigator, Dr Richard Hillman.
Improving The Prevention And Clinical Management Of Infectious Diseases
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$236,146.00
Summary
Modern methods of analysis employ complex tools that are not always available or easily understood by doctors making decisions. The dosing of antibiotics is usually constant, even though known factors influence its effectiveness. Similarly, how effective vaccines are can be estimated from routinely available data. This project will develop tools and strategies to assist doctors and public health authorities make the best decisions by improving the analysis of existing data.
Protecting Australia And The Region From Emerging And Re-emerging Infectious Diseases.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$774,540.00
Summary
The world is facing unprecedented threats from epidemics. In 2014 Ebola showed that issues such as quarantine, personal protective equipment and improved health system capacity are just as critical as drugs and vaccines, yet these are under-researched. Professor MacIntyre is an international expert epidemic control. She will lead a strategic research program to improve control of emerging and re-emerging infections, using her expertise in vaccines, personal protective equipment and biosecurity.
The Effectiveness, Acceptability And Cost Effectiveness Of The 'BALatrine'
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$792,169.00
Summary
We will undertake an intervention trial to assess the effectiveness of the “BALatrine” (a novel latrine) and hygiene education in the prevention of intestinal worms in Indonesia. This will provide an evidence base for translation of the intervention into public health policy and practice in Indonesia, the Asian region and beyond.
FluMum: A Prospective Cohort Study Of Mother-infant Pairs Assessing The Effectiveness Of Maternal Influenza Vaccination In Prevention Of Influenza In Early Infancy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,598,377.00
Summary
Influenza is a serious illness for young babies. Currently there are no vaccines that can be given to babies under 6 months of age to protect them from infection. This study aims to determine whether influenza vaccine given in pregnancy can prevent infection in babies up to 6 months of age.