Investigating Immune Regulation In The Tumour Microenvironment
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$288,650.00
Summary
Suppressive factors made by cells of the immune system or cancers themselves and immune regulatory T cells inhibit an effective anti-tumour response. My project aims to investigate the mechanism by which these factors and cells mediate their suppressive function. Understanding these processes in the cancer environment will allow the design of more effective cancer therapies.
Defining The Role Of Wnt Signaling In Hepatocellular Carcinoma And The Potential Of Wnt-targeted Therapy For HCC
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$403,210.00
Summary
Of all cancers, liver cancer is the third biggest killer worldwide and there is currently no effective treatment options for this disease. We now know many of the common genetic changes that occur in liver tumour cells but have yet to develop targeted drug treatments. This project is aimed at determining whether reactivating a tumour cell's normal cancer suppressing functions can stop tumour growth and whether we can use this information to develop specific drugs that target liver tumour cells
Every cell in our body has an intrinsic orientation that is controlled by a universal set of genes known as polarity genes. Loss of this orientation is a common and early feature of cancer. We have identified the gene Scribble as a gene that controls cell orientation and is essential to prevent the development of prostate cancer. We propose experiments to discover how Scribble controls prostate cancer and whether it can be used to better predict outcome for prostate cancer patients.
Tubulovillous Adenomas In Colorectal Tumorigenesis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$295,983.00
Summary
Bowel cancer is the second most common cancer affecting Australians today, and half of all patients will not survive their disease. Bowel cancer grows from small growths called polyps. In this project, we aim to investigate changes in genes found in a particularly aggressive type of bowel polyp called a tubulovillous adenoma. A better understanding of these gene changes will aid the future development of molecular tests for early detection and therapeutic options for the treatment of cancer.
The CpG Island Methylator Phenotype In Colorectal Cancer - Pathways And Precursors
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$517,272.00
Summary
Bowel cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting Australians. It will affect 1-23 Australians and is a leading cause of cancer-related death. If diagnosed early, bowel cancer is curable with surgery. Unfortunately, symptoms are often not present until the cancer is advanced, when the cure rate is only 55%. It has been recognised that there are different types of bowel cancer depending on different genes which can be inactivated abnormally. We propose that there are at least four differen ....Bowel cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting Australians. It will affect 1-23 Australians and is a leading cause of cancer-related death. If diagnosed early, bowel cancer is curable with surgery. Unfortunately, symptoms are often not present until the cancer is advanced, when the cure rate is only 55%. It has been recognised that there are different types of bowel cancer depending on different genes which can be inactivated abnormally. We propose that there are at least four different subgroups of bowel tumours, and that each of these may have different physical properties and responses to therapy. We aim to better characterise these subgroups to increase our understanding of how normal bowel can change into a small polyp, that may grow into a cancer. Understanding the gene changes leading to each subtype of bowel cancer will in the future allow the development gene markers for early detection as well as the possibility of individualised patient therapy. We are also studying tiny biopsies of normal bowel tissue from patients either with or without polyps, to try to understand the very earliest changes which may underly the development of a bowel polyp.Read moreRead less
Gastrokine 2: A Novel Stomach-specific Tumour Suppressor Gene
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$342,735.00
Summary
We will evaluate how a natural protein called gastrokine 2 acts to prevent cancer from developing in the stomach. We will show how gastrokine 2 interacts with another stomach protein TFF1, to block the effects of the inflammatory and cancer causing bacterium Helicobacter pylori, and the way that this bacterium circumvents this by turning off the production of gastrokine 2. Finally a drug which inhibits stomach tumour growth by turning on gastrokine 2 will be tested.
Characterization Of Novel Inhibitors Of G1-S Phase Progression In Drosophila
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$456,000.00
Summary
Cancer is a disease that affects 1-3 people and therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which cancer arises is of major importance to medical science. Cancers arise through the accumulation of mutations that alter normal cell proliferation control, differentiation, cell death or cell movement. Many genes involved in cancer have been identified, however, there are likely to be many more genes, that when disrupted or misexpressed can lead to cancer. We are interested in the regulation of cell p ....Cancer is a disease that affects 1-3 people and therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which cancer arises is of major importance to medical science. Cancers arise through the accumulation of mutations that alter normal cell proliferation control, differentiation, cell death or cell movement. Many genes involved in cancer have been identified, however, there are likely to be many more genes, that when disrupted or misexpressed can lead to cancer. We are interested in the regulation of cell proliferation, and have been studying this in the genetically amenable animal model system, the vinegar fly, Drosophila. A key regulator of cell proliferation in all multicellular organisms is Cyclin E, which is required to drive cells from the G1 (resting state) into S phase (where DNA replication occurs). Correct control of Cyclin E is important in limiting cell proliferation and many cancer-causing mutations result in up-regulation of this critical cell cycle regulator. We have used a genetic approach to identify novel negative regulators of Cyclin E. This proposal seeks to further clarify the mechanism by which the identified Cyclin E interactors regulate cell cycle progression. In addition, this proposal seeks to identify the genes encoding other cyclin E interactors, expected to be novel tumor suppressors. The expected outcome of this project is to elucidate novel genes and mechanisms that control cell proliferation in the context of a whole organism. Due to the conservation of cell proliferation and signalling proteins, this proposal is relevant to understanding human cancer.Read moreRead less