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Molecular Targeting Of Innate Immune Signalling Pathways In Cancer And Auto-Inflammatory Diseases
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$753,300.00
Summary
To achieve an accurate molecular understanding of innate immune system receptor signalling, both intracellularly and in whole organisms, in health and disease. This knowledge will then be used to generate better treatments for the extensive range of human diseases that are caused or exacerbated by dysfunctional innate immune signalling, including Crohn's disease, psoriasis and cancer.
This application describes a research proposal that will achieve an accurate molecular understanding of innate immune system receptor signalling in health and disease. This knowledge will then be used to generate better treatments for the extensive range of human diseases that are caused or exacerbated by dysfunctional innate immune signalling, including Crohn's disease, psoriasis and cancer.
In a human body, about a million cells are born every second, and a million die by activating a physiological cell death mechanism. If cell death fails to occur, cells accumulate and can develop into cancers. Determining the mechanism and regulation of physiological cell death will provide novel approaches to treat cancers and auto-immune diseases, both of which are characterised by failure of certain cells to die.
Molecular Mechanisms Of Protein Function And Pharmacology In Neuroscience And Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$876,005.00
Summary
I have been a Fellow 19 years. It allows me to think strategically on a broader canvass. I am a world authority in endocytosis (how cells interact with the outside world), drug discovery, and protein function, in disciplines of neuroscience and cancer. The outcome will be the first human trials of endocytosis modulators in cancer and epilepsy. Secondly, we will use our new International ProCan Centre to produce a transformational rapid cancer diagnostic and provide new cancer treatment options.
Regulation Of The Haemostatic Activity Of Plasma Von Willebrand Factor
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$851,980.00
Summary
Our genes encode proteins that perform the tasks of life. Most proteins are chemically modified after they are made to control how, when, and where they function. Prof Hogg discovered a new chemical modification of proteins that is important in health and disease. He will apply this discovery to develop new diagnostics and therapies for heart attacks and stroke. Prof Hogg is one of the few Australians to take new diagnostics and therapies developed in the lab to evaluation in patients.
Dr Gilchrist is a reproductive biologist studying factors that regulate the intrinsic quality of unfertilised eggs. He has developed a new form of hormone-free infertility treatment which he will test in a clinical trial over the next 5 years.
My major goal for the past 20 years has been to understand how hormones such as gastrin stimulate the development of gastrointestinal cancer. One approach has been to define the intracellular signalling pathways by which gastrins enhance cell growth. Our discovery that iron is essential for the biological activity of gastrins may allow the development of novel therapies for colon cancer and iron overload.
Utilization Of Gene-engineered T Cells For Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$761,656.00
Summary
Killer T lymphocytes can penetrate tumours and their transfer into cancer patients has demonstrated some encouraging results, but this form of therapy and other approaches including vaccination remain ineffective in most cancer patients. In this project, we propose to improve the tumour trafficking and anti-tumour activities of killer cells by genetically engineering them with proteins that will enable them to recognise and destroy cancer cells, whilst minimizing toxicity to normal tissue.
New Strategies For Enhancing Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cell Therapy For Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$849,540.00
Summary
The role of the immune system in cancer is now recognised as highly important, highlighted by the success of immunotherapy in patients. Yet many patients fail to respond to this form of treatment due to low frequency of lymphocytes present at the tumor site. A new form of immunotherapy involving transfer of gene-modified lymphocytes is a potential way to overcome this problem. This project will explore new strategies to enhance the utility of this approach against blood and solid cancers.
Breast cancers have diverse characteristics such as their response to treatment and their propensity to relapse. We know that the individual suit of oncogenic lesions probably influences diversity but the characteristics of the cell type from which the cancer arose probably also plays a part. This Application addresses this question and investigates a major new discovery made by the applicant that the ets transcription factor Elf5 plays a key role in specifying the diversity in breast cancer.