The Role Of Lycopene Supplementation In The Management Of Asthma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$332,875.00
Summary
Asthma is a significant and increasing health problem for Australia and is now listed as a National Health Priority Area. There is immense community interest in dietary factors affecting asthma. This project examines the potential for dietary carotenoids to be used to manage asthma. Carotenoids are antioxidants that are found in orange and red fruits and vegetables, such as tomatoes, carrots and mangoes. Research suggests that dietary carotenoids may be protective against asthma symptoms and -or ....Asthma is a significant and increasing health problem for Australia and is now listed as a National Health Priority Area. There is immense community interest in dietary factors affecting asthma. This project examines the potential for dietary carotenoids to be used to manage asthma. Carotenoids are antioxidants that are found in orange and red fruits and vegetables, such as tomatoes, carrots and mangoes. Research suggests that dietary carotenoids may be protective against asthma symptoms and -or onset. It is also likely that increasing intake of carotenoid-rich foods may be more effective than taking dietary supplements, as the key nutrients or combination of nutrients may not be known. This project will examine whether carotenoids such as lycopene can reduce the tendency of asthmatic airways to overreact to common triggers. It also investigates whether carotenoids can be used to prevent or reduce the severity of asthma attacks. The project will determine whether tomato juice or lycopene capsules are more effective in this role. This work will provide the necessary information to develop a large trial testing the ability of carotenoids to improve quality of life for people with asthma. While there is evidence to suggest that carotenoids may be helpful in asthma, the data to date is inconclusive. This study provides a scientific approach to evaluating the potential for carotenoids to be used as a treatment for asthma.Read moreRead less
Targeting Oxidant-dependent Mechanisms That Drive COPD And Its Co-morbidities
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$741,343.00
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease that is the 4th leading cause of death worldwide. There is currently no effective therapy to treat people with COPD, which costs the Australian community over $8.8 billion/year. Much of the disease burden and health care costs in COPD is associated with the management of its comorbidities (i.e other chronic medical conditions such as heart disease). This project will develop novel therapies to treat COPD and its comorbidities.
Role And Potential For Therapeutic Targeting Of Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress And Altered Metabolism In Mitochondria In The Pathogenesis Of COPD
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$720,338.00
Summary
Emphysema is a major cause of illness and death and there are no good treatments. It is caused by smoking that induces lung inflammation and disease but how this occurs is not well understood. Cellular respiration can become defective causing oxidative stress, altered metabolism and inflammation. We think that this drives emphysema. We will assess alterations in respiration, oxidative stress and metabolism in emphysema and see if we can reverse these changes with new potential treatments.
Targeting Oxidant-dependent Pathways To Improve Stroke Outcomes In COPD
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,069,574.00
Summary
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major incurable global health burden and is the 4th largest cause of death worldwide. Patients with COPD are at increased risk for stroke and this is even higher in the weeks following a lung viral infection. The reason for this is unknown so the aim of this study is to determine why people with COPD are at increased risk for stroke and then develop novel treatments to prevent or reduce stroke in COPD patients.
Targeting Oxidant-dependent Pathways To Treat Skeletal Muscle Wasting In COPD
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,089,054.00
Summary
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major incurable global health burden and is the 4th largest cause of death worldwide. A significant proportion of COPD patients have skeletal muscle wasting and loss of strength which severely impacts on their quality of life and survival. The reason for this is unknown so the aim of this study is to determine how skeletal muscle wasting occurs in COPD and to then develop new medicines to treat skeletal muscle wasting and dysfunction in COPD.
Switching Tristetraprolin On To Turn Off Inflammation In COPD
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$525,390.00
Summary
Inflammation drives the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We have developed a novel anti-inflammatory strategy to treat this currently untreatable disease. Our innovation is to use activators of protein phosphatase 2A to switch the molecule tristetraprolin (TTP) on and repress inflammation in COPD. Switching TTP on to turn off inflammation in COPD has proven potential to prevent irreversible damage and halt the progression of COPD.
Interleukin-17A Promotes Cigarette Smoke-induced Lung Inflammation And Damage
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$650,590.00
Summary
Emphysema is a major global health problem and has been predicted to become the third largest cause of death in the world by 2020. Cigarette smoking is the major cause of emphysema and accounts for more than 95% of cases in industrialized countries. Cigarette smoke triggers cells in the lung to release substances which cause inflammation and "eat away" lung tissue. The aim of this project is to identify therapies to prevent and treat emphysema.
ROLE OF PROTEASE ACTIVATED RECEPTORS IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS LUNG PATHOLOGY
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$176,521.00
Summary
Cystic fibrosis is a major debilitating disease which eventually kills those with the genetic defect. The lungs of patients become infected with the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Burkolderia cepacia which initiate a chronic and vicious cycle of inflammation resulting in lung failure. Proteases released by the organisms as well as host cells (neutrophils) involved in clearing the infections play a major role in this cycle by causing the release of molecules (cytokines and mediators) from the ....Cystic fibrosis is a major debilitating disease which eventually kills those with the genetic defect. The lungs of patients become infected with the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Burkolderia cepacia which initiate a chronic and vicious cycle of inflammation resulting in lung failure. Proteases released by the organisms as well as host cells (neutrophils) involved in clearing the infections play a major role in this cycle by causing the release of molecules (cytokines and mediators) from the respiratory epithelium. These, in turn, stimulate the movement of neutrophils from the blood to the lung where damage then ensues. How these proteases stimulate release is unclear but studies suggest other proteases involved in inflammation induce release through their interaction with a novel group of protease activated receptors (PAR). In this study, we wish to determine whether PAR are activated or inactivated by host and bacterial proteases commonly seen in the lungs of CF patients. If PAR are activated, it may be possible to develop antagonists which target specific PARS to modulate respiratory epithelial cell function. If inactivated, preservation by adjunct protease inhibitor treatment may be highly beneficial. We will use in vitro technology and cells derived from non-CF and CF patients. This study has great potential in the development of adjunct anti-inflammatory therapy for the treatment of both CF and other inflammatory lung diseases.Read moreRead less
Surfactant Protein D As A Candidate Therapy In COPD
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$405,749.00
Summary
Smoking -related chronic bronchitis and emphysema, otherwise known COPD, costs the healthcare system over $800 million per year. People continue to suffer even after they have given up smoking, and the treatments available result in only modest improvements. COPD is associated with a a defect of the scavenging cells in the lung, which normally clear away dying cells, and some of the proteins ivolved in this process. We will investigate whether supplementing these proteins will help.