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Raman spectroscopy and imaging of natural and synthetic melanins. The national benefit of this research lies in three main areas. First, this research could lead to a non-invasive diagnostic for melanoma. Second, it could reveal stronger connections between melanin and melanoma development than previously believed and thus inspire possible methods of treatment or prevention of melanoma. Given Australia's high incidence of melanoma, these could have an enormous impact on our health care system. T ....Raman spectroscopy and imaging of natural and synthetic melanins. The national benefit of this research lies in three main areas. First, this research could lead to a non-invasive diagnostic for melanoma. Second, it could reveal stronger connections between melanin and melanoma development than previously believed and thus inspire possible methods of treatment or prevention of melanoma. Given Australia's high incidence of melanoma, these could have an enormous impact on our health care system. Third, it will increase our understanding of the melanin pigment and further establish Australia as a leader in this field. Given the links between melanin and Parkinson's Disease and immune response, this understanding could have greater impact on health care than simply melanoma.Read moreRead less
Studies in cancer control. As life expectancy in Australia (and throughout the world) continues to rise, so will the burden of cancer escalate. Treating cancer after diagnosis is costly, and in many instances, unsuccessful. Preventive strategies promise to reduce the future cancer burden, yet our knowledge in this arena is limited by the lack of credible research as to what works and what does not. This application addresses this gap directly by conducting research into the control of two cancer ....Studies in cancer control. As life expectancy in Australia (and throughout the world) continues to rise, so will the burden of cancer escalate. Treating cancer after diagnosis is costly, and in many instances, unsuccessful. Preventive strategies promise to reduce the future cancer burden, yet our knowledge in this arena is limited by the lack of credible research as to what works and what does not. This application addresses this gap directly by conducting research into the control of two cancers which exact a growing toll in Australia and elsewhere. The work seeks to identify and understand the causal pathways to cancer, and then use this information to devise evidence-based strategies for cancer control.Read moreRead less
Structural analysis of membrane proteins using template-mediated crystallization. A new frontier technology will be developed in the form of a systematic crystallization pipeline for membrane proteins. This high throughput monolayer template technology is particularly suited for the structure determination of proteins that are otherwise difficult to crystallize and has clear commercial potential. Membrane protein structures are themselves of value to the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry ....Structural analysis of membrane proteins using template-mediated crystallization. A new frontier technology will be developed in the form of a systematic crystallization pipeline for membrane proteins. This high throughput monolayer template technology is particularly suited for the structure determination of proteins that are otherwise difficult to crystallize and has clear commercial potential. Membrane protein structures are themselves of value to the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry for targeted drug design, which could realise benefits in the form of novel medical treatments and reduced side effects. The monolayer template technology will also extend the capabilities of the National Cryo-EM facility, the infrastructure of which, is open for all Australian researchers. Read moreRead less
New Antioxidants Impacting on ROS and Free Radical Mediated Cellular Damage and Disease. Oxidative stress describes the condition where free radicals damage cells and biological systems and this stress underlies many diseases including neurological conditions and aging disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease. This project sets out to create new forms of powerful antioxidant drugs able to probe the mechanisms of such diseases with the view to developing new treatments and therapies.
Understanding mechanistic and systemic regulation of protein prenyltransferases. The proposed research will expand our understanding of lipid-conjugating enzymes that are critical for a multitude of normal cellular functions. We seek to reveal the basic workings of cells and help to explain the development and complexity of signalling networks in eukaryotic evolution. The findings will enable us to explore and exploit the catalytic properties of these lipid-related enzymes for applications in bi ....Understanding mechanistic and systemic regulation of protein prenyltransferases. The proposed research will expand our understanding of lipid-conjugating enzymes that are critical for a multitude of normal cellular functions. We seek to reveal the basic workings of cells and help to explain the development and complexity of signalling networks in eukaryotic evolution. The findings will enable us to explore and exploit the catalytic properties of these lipid-related enzymes for applications in biotechnology. The ultimate aim is to create novel technologies for protein production, modification and analysis that will accelerate the pace of discovery in protein research, basic cell and organism biology, diagnostics, biotechnology and drug discovery. Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0668526
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$542,000.00
Summary
Biomolecular discovery and analysis facility. This facility will provide Australian researchers with unrivalled access to advanced cell visualisation and analysis tools, which until very recently were only available to the pharmaceutical industry and large US and European institutions. The facility will allow new approaches to identifying novel natural products and understanding cell signalling pathways. Knowledge of these pathways and the identification of molecules that can affect them are key ....Biomolecular discovery and analysis facility. This facility will provide Australian researchers with unrivalled access to advanced cell visualisation and analysis tools, which until very recently were only available to the pharmaceutical industry and large US and European institutions. The facility will allow new approaches to identifying novel natural products and understanding cell signalling pathways. Knowledge of these pathways and the identification of molecules that can affect them are keys to understanding normal cellular physiology and identifying drug-like molecules able to inhibit malfunctioning pathways found in different disease such as cancer. The facility will accellerate drug discovery and basic research in cell biology and underpin National Research Priorities.Read moreRead less
Structural studies on carbohydrate modifying enzymes. Carbohydrates form one of four major classes of biological macromolecules, and are major targets for drug design. We have developed methods for the production of carbohydrate synthesising enzymes and will determine the structures of these enzymes to provide the foundation for structure based design of inhibitors. The research will allow us to understand how these enzymes function in normal circumstances and how they malfunction in disease sta ....Structural studies on carbohydrate modifying enzymes. Carbohydrates form one of four major classes of biological macromolecules, and are major targets for drug design. We have developed methods for the production of carbohydrate synthesising enzymes and will determine the structures of these enzymes to provide the foundation for structure based design of inhibitors. The research will allow us to understand how these enzymes function in normal circumstances and how they malfunction in disease states such as cancer. The long-term outcome will be a significantly enhanced body of knowledge of this poorly understood group of enzymes and the development of new carbohydrate based chemicals with novel therapeutic applications.Read moreRead less
Functional characterization of SSB2: a novel single-stranded DNA binding protein. Defects in the DNA damage response pathway underpin many human genetic disorders and diseases. A detailed understanding of this pathway has enormous implications for future medicine. The proposed research will lead to functional characterization of a new protein, identify new concepts in DNA damage repair pathways, train young researchers and place Australia among the leaders in this internationally significant and ....Functional characterization of SSB2: a novel single-stranded DNA binding protein. Defects in the DNA damage response pathway underpin many human genetic disorders and diseases. A detailed understanding of this pathway has enormous implications for future medicine. The proposed research will lead to functional characterization of a new protein, identify new concepts in DNA damage repair pathways, train young researchers and place Australia among the leaders in this internationally significant and highly competitive area of research. It will underpin the national research priority of Promoting and Maintaining Good Health and help Australia capitalise on a plethora of opportunities for future economic and health benefits.Read moreRead less
Functional characterisation of CMAP, a novel centrosome- and midbody-associated protein. Cell division is a highly regulated process involving many components to produce two daughter cells which contain an equal amount of DNA. Thus incorrect localisation and modification of specific proteins that regulate this process cause cell division errors resulting in genomic instability. We have recently identified a novel protein called CMAP that is involved in the final stages of cell division, which in ....Functional characterisation of CMAP, a novel centrosome- and midbody-associated protein. Cell division is a highly regulated process involving many components to produce two daughter cells which contain an equal amount of DNA. Thus incorrect localisation and modification of specific proteins that regulate this process cause cell division errors resulting in genomic instability. We have recently identified a novel protein called CMAP that is involved in the final stages of cell division, which involves the cleavage of the cell membrane to produce two daughter cells. Here, we aim to characterise the mechanism(s) of CMAP function and to identify and characterise CMAP binding proteins to further understand the mechanisms involved in the final stages of cell division to maintain genomic stability.Read moreRead less
Understanding the role of the corepressor protein KAP1 in DNA damage response pathway. Defects in the DNA damage response pathway underpin many human genetic disorders and diseases, including cancer. A detailed understanding of this process has enormous implications for future medicine. Our characterization of a new player involved in DNA damage signalling will help in screening of inhibitors of this pathway that could be applied in chemo-and/or radiotherapy. The proposal will place Australia am ....Understanding the role of the corepressor protein KAP1 in DNA damage response pathway. Defects in the DNA damage response pathway underpin many human genetic disorders and diseases, including cancer. A detailed understanding of this process has enormous implications for future medicine. Our characterization of a new player involved in DNA damage signalling will help in screening of inhibitors of this pathway that could be applied in chemo-and/or radiotherapy. The proposal will place Australia among the leaders in this internationally significant and highly competitive area of research leading to the creation of new compounds. Capture of this technology will create the opportunity for IP income, novel exports and new enterprises for Australia.Read moreRead less