The Role Of Renin-angiotensin And Growth Factors In Developmental And Pathological Neovascularization In The Retina
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$342,562.00
Summary
In the normal retina of newborn babies, the blood vessels in the inner layers are not fully formed. These vessels are probably stimulated to grow by a reduction in retinal oxygen, which initiates the production of growth agents in retinal cells. Once the new vessels are formed the oxygen level of the retina becomes normal, and both the growth agents and blood vessel growth are reduced. A prolonged reduction in oxygen levels in the retina can have serious consequences for vision. Indeed, in some ....In the normal retina of newborn babies, the blood vessels in the inner layers are not fully formed. These vessels are probably stimulated to grow by a reduction in retinal oxygen, which initiates the production of growth agents in retinal cells. Once the new vessels are formed the oxygen level of the retina becomes normal, and both the growth agents and blood vessel growth are reduced. A prolonged reduction in oxygen levels in the retina can have serious consequences for vision. Indeed, in some eye diseases new blood vessel growth is excessive and the vessels are not properly formed, which leads to hemorrhage and ultimately blindness. Such events occur when the oxygen environment of premature babies is reduced after placement in high oxygen incubators. Also, in long-term diabetes, the oxygen levels of the retina falls as the retinal vessels become damaged. To understand the events that cause new vessel growth in retinal development and disease requires identification of the growth agents and their location in the retina. Very recently it has been found that the growth agent renin-angiotensin is made in the retina, and that its blockade in diabetic patients slows the progression of new retinal vessel growth. Renin-angiotensin is likely to cause its growth effects by increasing the production of other retinal growth agents. This proposal will study the role of renin-angiotensin and other growth agents in the developing newborn rat retina and in eye diseases. This information may lead to a further understanding of how blood vessels form in the retinas of newborn babies, and the production of new treatments for eye diseases characterized by blood vessel growth in the retina.Read moreRead less
Prorenin And The Prorenin Receptor In Diabetic Retinopathy: Involvement Of The Wnt Pathway And Inflammation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$580,042.00
Summary
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in people of working age. The World Health Organization predicts that by 2030 more than 300 million people will have diabetes. Given the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and the lack of effective treatments, there is an urgent need to identify the factors that contribute to its development. This project will determine the role of components of a hormonal system, prorenin and its receptor, in diabetic retinopathy and whether they are new ta ....Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in people of working age. The World Health Organization predicts that by 2030 more than 300 million people will have diabetes. Given the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and the lack of effective treatments, there is an urgent need to identify the factors that contribute to its development. This project will determine the role of components of a hormonal system, prorenin and its receptor, in diabetic retinopathy and whether they are new targets for its treatment.Read moreRead less
A Novel Treatment For Ameliorating Retinal Vascular Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$366,685.00
Summary
Retinal vascular disease is a leading cause of blindness and is currently treated by laser photocoagulation surgery. Although successful, this treatment is associated with serious side effects. Recently, Ellex Pty has developed a novel laser called the 2RT laser that is likely to be effective without the accompanying side effects. This study will allow examine the effect of the 2RT laser in animal models of retinal vascular disease so as to complete preclinical development of this laser.
The Significance Of Glial Dysfunction In Retinopathy Of Prematurity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$311,567.00
Summary
Abnormalities in cells at the back of the eye called photoreceptors are associated with at least 50% of all cases of blindness in this country.This project will determine whether substances released from dying photoreceptors cause the death of neighbouring cells. In addition we will examine whether treatments that block the actions of these released substances can prevent the death of photoreceptors, thereby providing a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of devastating eye diseases.
Interactions Between Vasoactive, Epigenetic And Immunogenic Pathways In The Development Of Diabetic Retinopathy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$664,584.00
Summary
In our community, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of vision loss in people of working age. As the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy increases, there is an urgent need to understand the factors that cause its development in order to develop new treatments. This proposal will explore the contribution of hormones, the memory of retinal cells to high glucose and stress, and the immune system to diabetic retinopathy. The goal is to develop new and improved treatments for Australians.
Receptor-mediated Actions Of Prorenin In Diabetic Retinopathy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$733,841.00
Summary
Despite improvements in patient care, the incidence of diabetic retinopathy is dramatically increasing. Recent evidence suggests that a component of a hormonal system, called prorenin, may participate in the development of diabetic organ disease. We will evaluate the role of prorenin in vascular and nerve damage in animal models of diabetic retinopathy. We will determine if a new inhibitor of prorenin, prevents retinal injury and is a potential treatment for diabetic retinopathy.
Novel Strategies For The Early Identification Provention And Treatment Of The Microvascular Complications Of Diabetes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$4,715,000.00
Summary
Despite recent advances, approximately one third of subjects with type 1 diabetes develop kidney disease and similar proportion develop vision-threatening eye disease. Indeed, in many instances eye and kidney disease occur in the same individual. The central aim of this proposed Special Program is the exploration of mechanisms that lead to the development and progression of these devastating complications of type 1 diabetes with a particular focus on novel strategies, directly applicable to man, ....Despite recent advances, approximately one third of subjects with type 1 diabetes develop kidney disease and similar proportion develop vision-threatening eye disease. Indeed, in many instances eye and kidney disease occur in the same individual. The central aim of this proposed Special Program is the exploration of mechanisms that lead to the development and progression of these devastating complications of type 1 diabetes with a particular focus on novel strategies, directly applicable to man, for their prevention and treatment. Participants in Special Program include both established diabetes researchers and investigators from other areas of academia (blood vessel biology and applied genetics). Strong interrelationships between the various investigators and their departments already exist and will be further consolidated with continued collaboration, sharing a combination of models, novel interventions and complex genetic techniques that would not be possible outside of a large collaborative framework. In addition to academic collaboration, interactions with industry-based drug discovery programs is also an important component in developing new treatment strategies for diabetic kidney and eye disease. The Special Program will thus consist of a range of studies of direct relevance to diabetic kidney and diabetic eye disease in humans. It is expected that these studies will lead to new strategies for the prevention, treatment and even the reversal of long term complications of diabetes.Read moreRead less
Cellular Mechanisms Of Functional Deficits In Experimental Glaucoma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$294,541.00
Summary
If successful, our approach will potentially have a major impact on the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and possibly on all diabetic vascular diseases. A single injection might only be necessary to prevent the development of diabetic retinopathy, which would represent a significant weapon in the management of patients. In addition, successful application of secretion gene therapy in the eye might open up the possibility to introduce the same concept for the treatment of larger organs undergoin ....If successful, our approach will potentially have a major impact on the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and possibly on all diabetic vascular diseases. A single injection might only be necessary to prevent the development of diabetic retinopathy, which would represent a significant weapon in the management of patients. In addition, successful application of secretion gene therapy in the eye might open up the possibility to introduce the same concept for the treatment of larger organs undergoing microvascular changes as a result of diabetes.Read moreRead less