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Immune Recognition Of Upper Airway Microbiota In Early Life As A Determinant Of Respiratory Health In Children
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,135,837.00
Summary
The study will investigate the impact of respiratory infections during infancy on lung & immune function & respiratory health between 3-7 years of age. Children were previously enrolled in a population based birth cohort study (ORChID study) which collected detailed information about the respiratory health during the first 2 years of life with daily respiratory diary & weekly nasal swab collection. In this study lung function & immune function will be assessed annually in the same children (3-7)
A Novel Optical Stimulation Method For Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Treatment
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$510,913.00
Summary
This project aims to develop and characterize a novel optogenetic pharyngeal stimulation system to dilate the upper airway using a light stimulus. This will provide proof-of-concept for a new minimally invasive treatment option for obstructive sleep apnoea.
The uneven way that airways narrow (heterogeneity) would seem to be an important factor affecting the natural history, clinical expression and response to treatment in patients with severe asthma. In this study we will be looking at the mechanism for heterogeneity in sufferers of severe asthma in relation to how stiff the lung is and the type of inflammation seen in these patients.
Prediction Of Clinical Outcomes In COPD From Home Monitoring Of Lung Function Variability
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$513,102.00
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease affects close to 30% of the elderly and is the fourth leading cause of male deaths in Australia. There are currently no objective ways to assess disease status and predict future risk of deterioration. We aim to apply novel, sophisticated analysis methods to data from daily home telemonitoring, in order to describe the variability of disease over time and predict risk of exacerbations and quality of life.
Consequences Of Waveform Composition For Epithelial Integrity And Homogeneous Ventilation During HFOV
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$409,483.00
Summary
High-frequency oscillation (HFO) delivers up to 900 breaths/minute to newborn babies. In theory, the tiny HFO breaths decrease ventilator induced lung injury whilst efficiently delivering oxygen to and removing waste gas from the blood. However, HFO may damage the large airways due to the high gas flows. We will use mathematical models and studies in preterm lambs to assess how to optimise distribution of fresh gas to the lung while minimising any airway damage. Our findings will help doctors tr ....High-frequency oscillation (HFO) delivers up to 900 breaths/minute to newborn babies. In theory, the tiny HFO breaths decrease ventilator induced lung injury whilst efficiently delivering oxygen to and removing waste gas from the blood. However, HFO may damage the large airways due to the high gas flows. We will use mathematical models and studies in preterm lambs to assess how to optimise distribution of fresh gas to the lung while minimising any airway damage. Our findings will help doctors treat preterm babies with lung disease.Read moreRead less
Predicting The Long Term Lung Health Outcomes In Young Adults Born Very Preterm
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$854,201.00
Summary
Preterm birth and its resulting lung problems can lead to breathing problems during childhood and into adult life. There are very few lung health studies that have tracked preterm individuals from childhood and into early adult life. This study will conduct a detailed lung health assessment in a follow-up of a group of preterm individuals at 19 years of age. We aim to identify if information we obtained in the group at 6 and 11 years can predict how the lungs look and behave at 19 years of age.
A POPULATION-BASED COHORT INVESTIGATION OF LUNG FUNCTION IN RELATION TO EARLY LIFE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT ILLNESS AND AEROALLERGN SENSITISATION
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$456,013.00
Summary
Infancy appears to be the critical developmental window during which important alterations in lung structure and function develop. In this study we will assess how early lung function evolves in relation to potential insults such as lower respiratory tract infections and allergic inflammation. These are the mechanisms by which asthma is thought to develop. We will use exciting new lung function tests to evaluate lung function abnormalities associated with peripheral dysfunction characteristic of ....Infancy appears to be the critical developmental window during which important alterations in lung structure and function develop. In this study we will assess how early lung function evolves in relation to potential insults such as lower respiratory tract infections and allergic inflammation. These are the mechanisms by which asthma is thought to develop. We will use exciting new lung function tests to evaluate lung function abnormalities associated with peripheral dysfunction characteristic of chronic airway disease such as asthma.Read moreRead less
The health effects of electronic cigarette use are virtually unknown. They have only recently been introduced into widespread use, and as such their effects on human health will not be known for many years. We will use our expertise in exposure models and health outcome measurement to provide timely hard-data on their potential to impact health – data that are urgently required to guide policy makers in this area.
Evaluating The Effect Of Morphine On Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$534,303.00
Summary
Prescription opiate poisoning deaths have increased substantially in recent years which may be worsened by population increases in obesity and related obstructive sleep apnea. However, no proper clinical trial has ever investigated the effect of an opiate on obstructive sleep apnea, which is the aim of the proposed trial. The study will be important in understanding ways to reduce opiate realted deaths and may also provide insights into new treatment methods for snoring and sleep apnea.
Quantifying The Ventilatory Control Contribution To Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Using Clinical Polysomnography
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$196,995.00
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnoea is a highly prevalent condition with limited treatment options. New research shows that many patients have sleep apnoea because of a hypersensitive control of breathing (instability). Yet there is no way to measure instability and target it clinically. We aim to refine and apply a powerful new method to measuring breathing instability using a conventional sleep study, to allow treatments for sleep apnoea to be targeted at those patients who will respond most effectively.