Tracking The Impact Of Drug Regulatory Actions: Consumer Health Outcomes, Risk-benefit Issues And Policy Framework.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$439,324.00
Summary
This study will explore what happens in the community when a medicine is withdrawn from the market or discredited due to safety concerns. It will examine the impacts of two recent cases of medicine withdrawal or serious long-term safety concern, on a large cohort of women with high utilisation rates who were monitored during the time the medicines were discredited. The study will be an important guide to future regulatory, media and provider responses when medicines are discredited.
Rectal Invivo Radiotherapy Dosimetry Using A Fibre Optic Array
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$438,963.00
Summary
For pelvic cancer patients too much radiation causes rectal problems which are hard to avoid. To reduce the problem we have developed a tiny dosimeter, which we will network to measure the radiation in the rectum as it is being received. This will tell us the maximum safe dose of radiation we can give before causing rectal complications. This will be an effective quality assurance and radiation safety tool.
Improving Outcomes Of Radiotherapy Treatments Through In-vivo Dosimetric Verification
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$379,855.00
Summary
Radiotherapy remains an important non-surgical treatment for over 50 % of cancer patients. This project aims to develop methods that will enable the optimisation of the patients' treatment as it progresses by non-invasively measuring the radiation dose delivered each day. This will increase the likelihood of curing the patient as well as reducing the side effects experienced due to the treatment. This will improve the patients' quality of life post-treatment.
EFFECTIVENESS OF INFLUENZA AND PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION IN PREVENTING HOSPITALISATION DUE TO PNEUMONIA IN OLDER PERSONS
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$258,475.00
Summary
Flu and pneumococcus remain important causes of illness and death in Australia. They can cause pneumonia and severe respiratory illness, including death, especially in older people. This is because natural immunity against infections tends to decrease with age. Vaccination against flu and pneumococcus is therefore recommended for all persons aged 65 years or older, but only in Victoria are both vaccines publicly funded. The Victorian initiative appears to have had a marked impact on improving va ....Flu and pneumococcus remain important causes of illness and death in Australia. They can cause pneumonia and severe respiratory illness, including death, especially in older people. This is because natural immunity against infections tends to decrease with age. Vaccination against flu and pneumococcus is therefore recommended for all persons aged 65 years or older, but only in Victoria are both vaccines publicly funded. The Victorian initiative appears to have had a marked impact on improving vaccination coverage, but its impact on disease has never been assessed. This study will estimate vaccination coverage, missed vaccination opportunities, effectiveness of flu and pneumococcal vaccines in preventing hospitalisation for pneumonia, and cost-effectiveness of the currently funded vaccination program in this age group. This is considered a priority because of the serious but preventable nature of the diseases caused by these infections. This study will improve awareness of the importance of vaccination among individuals, and given the high estimated vaccine coverage in older Victorians, is well placed to provide the first available evidence for or against effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of flu and pneumococcal vaccination in older Australians. The results may have major implications for public health policy in Victoria and elsewhere in Australia.Read moreRead less
Evaluating The Safety Of Computer Decision Support Systems In General Practice
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$300,389.00
Summary
Use of clinical software has many benefits. However it is also likely that clinical software will introduce new computer-generated errors that may harm patients. This project will evaluate the safety of software for prescribing in general practice. We will firstly examine mechanisms for errors generated by clinical software on its own, and then in the hands of typical users. The outcomes will have broad potential to guide the regulation, use and design of clinical software in general practice.
The Quality Of Surgical Care Project: Quality Assurance, Clinical Audit And Outcomes Evaluation In Western Australia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$346,018.00
Summary
The Quality of Surgical Care Project (QSCP) is a unique quality assurance program in Australia which promotes best practice in surgical and procedural care. The objectives of the QSCP are to evaluate the outcomes of surgical procedures in Western Australia (WA) and to compare them with international standards. The QSCP was established in 1996, as a collaborative venture among the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS), the Department of Public Health, (UWA) and the Health Department of WA ....The Quality of Surgical Care Project (QSCP) is a unique quality assurance program in Australia which promotes best practice in surgical and procedural care. The objectives of the QSCP are to evaluate the outcomes of surgical procedures in Western Australia (WA) and to compare them with international standards. The QSCP was established in 1996, as a collaborative venture among the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS), the Department of Public Health, (UWA) and the Health Department of WA. The QSCP is only possible because of the unique population-based record linkage available in this state and is consistent with priorities identified in the National Health Information Development Plan in the areas of record linkage and health outcomes, as well as with the monitoring of interventions recommended by the Taskforce on Quality in Australian Health Care. The surgical procedures reviewed are selected to include a broad range of surgical specialties on the basis of national priority, in consultation with the RACS and with input from the Australian Safety and Efficacy Register of New Interventional Procedures-Surgical (ASERNIP-S). This application proposes to continue the core program in promoting best practice in procedural care by reviewing selected procedures including the outcomes of laparoscopic and endoscopic procedures, and endoluminal stenting surgery due to their rapid proliferation during the 1990's. This second stage of the QSCP proposes the introduction of two new quality assurance themes. Firstly, to promote the clinical safety and post-implementation surveillance of new surgical interventions and other medical technology by establishing the WA Registry and Surgical Audit of New Surgical Interventions. Secondly, to comprehensively and independently audit all surgical mortality at a population level. A dissemination strategy will be established to 'complete the loop' in the evaluation and audit processes.Read moreRead less
This study proposes to examine the quality of procedural medical care provided by rural doctors who are not specialists. The disciplines of Anaesthetics, Surgery and Obstetrics will be included. Most of these services in rural Australia are not provided by specialist medical practitioners, but rather by rural general practitioners who have obtained additional training, albeit shorter than that undertaken by specialist trainees, and who are supported by skilled nurses and other health professiona ....This study proposes to examine the quality of procedural medical care provided by rural doctors who are not specialists. The disciplines of Anaesthetics, Surgery and Obstetrics will be included. Most of these services in rural Australia are not provided by specialist medical practitioners, but rather by rural general practitioners who have obtained additional training, albeit shorter than that undertaken by specialist trainees, and who are supported by skilled nurses and other health professionals in relatively small rural hospitals. Patients and rural doctors often have little choice but to manage urgent cases locally and in some cases experienced and skilled local teams are able to offer a wider range of services, including a limited number of elective procedures. Despite underlying assumptions that the quality of the services cannot match that of specialist care in larger hospitals, there is no agreement on what constitutes quality of rural procedural care and little evidence that the quality is different. This issue is important as substantial government funds are spent on recruiting, training and retaining a qualified rural medical workforce, and yet fewer rural doctors are providing these services and fewer rural hospitals have the facilities to support those rural doctors still providing the services. Further, measuring the quality of care is a complex issue on which different stakeholders may have different views. This study proposes a multi-perspective approach to assessing the quality of care through a number of case studies provided by rural doctors.Read moreRead less