Measuring protein turnover in vivo in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts to identify protease targets. This project plans to measure the rate at which proteins degrade inside plants by using stable isotopes of nitrogen and mass spectrometry analysis of isolated protein samples from different plant mutant lines. This will allow new insights into the in vivo role of specific proteases which are involved in regulating energy generating pathways in plant organelles and that are needed for light tol ....Measuring protein turnover in vivo in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts to identify protease targets. This project plans to measure the rate at which proteins degrade inside plants by using stable isotopes of nitrogen and mass spectrometry analysis of isolated protein samples from different plant mutant lines. This will allow new insights into the in vivo role of specific proteases which are involved in regulating energy generating pathways in plant organelles and that are needed for light tolerance, adaptation to day length, growth and normal leaf development. The new information will aid us to develop approaches to alter quality control of the plant proteome as a tool for engineering energy processes in plants.Read moreRead less
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE210100375
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$428,191.00
Summary
Defining single-strand DNA break repair capacity in oocytes. This project aims to investigate fundamental biological mechanisms required for the production of high-quality oocytes, which fortify female fertility and the propagation of all sexually reproducing species. Exploiting unique mouse models, this study will define the importance of single strand DNA break repair capacity in oocytes for the first time, by outlining the role of single strand DNA repair proteins in maintaining genetic integ ....Defining single-strand DNA break repair capacity in oocytes. This project aims to investigate fundamental biological mechanisms required for the production of high-quality oocytes, which fortify female fertility and the propagation of all sexually reproducing species. Exploiting unique mouse models, this study will define the importance of single strand DNA break repair capacity in oocytes for the first time, by outlining the role of single strand DNA repair proteins in maintaining genetic integrity of gametes throughout their lifespan. In doing so, the intended outcome of this project is to dramatically improve our understanding of quality control in the female germ line. This should provide significant benefits to Australia by positioning it as a world leader in the field of Reproductive Science.Read moreRead less
DNA repair: a critical quality control mechanism in the female germ line. This project aims to investigate the fundamental biological mechanisms required for the production of high quality gametes, which underpin female fertility and the propagation of all sexually reproducing species. By taking advantage of unique mouse and avian models, this project expects to define the role of the DNA repair protein TOP3A in the successful completion of meiosis and it's requirement for the survival and genet ....DNA repair: a critical quality control mechanism in the female germ line. This project aims to investigate the fundamental biological mechanisms required for the production of high quality gametes, which underpin female fertility and the propagation of all sexually reproducing species. By taking advantage of unique mouse and avian models, this project expects to define the role of the DNA repair protein TOP3A in the successful completion of meiosis and it's requirement for the survival and genetic integrity of gametes throughout their lifespan. In doing so, the intended outcome of this project is to dramatically improve our understanding of quality control in the female germ line. This should provide significant benefits to Australia by positioning it as a world leader in the field of Reproductive Science.Read moreRead less
Glutaredoxins (GRXs) as agents of redox homeostasis in mitochondria and respiratory-associated cell functions in plants. This project will test the importance of GRXs for the reduction/oxidation mediated network in plant mitochondria and moreover, uncover details of their dynamic features. This knowledge builds the basis for manipulation of mitochondrial GRXs in order to enhance the capability of the plant to cope with naturally occurring stresses.
Defence gene expression in Arabidopsis linked to metabolic perturbation and oxidative signalling via dsr1. Through analysis of a novel pathway of how plants perceive pathogens in the environment, this project aims to link metabolic energy generation pathways with pathogen defence. This could provide novel approaches for protect plants from pathogens by altering the sensitivity of this signalling pathway.
Dissecting novel roles of succinate dehydrogenase in stomatal aperture and root elongation in plants. Succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) is part of the respiration processes in plants and new evidence shows that reactive oxygen species generated by it can influence plant development and stress tolerance. However, there are still many unanswered questions about the composition and function of this enzyme and its dual roles in plants. This project will study this protein complex in the model p ....Dissecting novel roles of succinate dehydrogenase in stomatal aperture and root elongation in plants. Succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) is part of the respiration processes in plants and new evidence shows that reactive oxygen species generated by it can influence plant development and stress tolerance. However, there are still many unanswered questions about the composition and function of this enzyme and its dual roles in plants. This project will study this protein complex in the model plant Arabidopsis and the crop plant rice, identify its role in signalling in depth to provide knowledge adding development of strategies for improving tolerance of crops to stresses.Read moreRead less
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE120100307
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$375,000.00
Summary
Determining organellar gene expression in distinct cell types: a missing piece of the puzzle for the transfer of C4 photosynthesis into C3 plants. Enhancing photosynthesis in plants will boost yields in essential food crops, such as rice, and thus offers significant implications for satisfying an increasing global demand for food. This project will investigate the photosynthetic mechanisms that exist in known high performing crops, for application in plants used in adverse climates.
Evolution of anisogamy and the sexes. This project aims to study the evolution of anisogamy, which defines males and females by the size of their gametes – females’ large eggs and males’ small sperm. Most multicellular organisms have different sized gametes, and this size difference has affected the evolution of life on the planet. Theoretical arguments about why two sexes are ubiquitous have not been tested empirically, mainly because of technical difficulties in experimentally generating diffe ....Evolution of anisogamy and the sexes. This project aims to study the evolution of anisogamy, which defines males and females by the size of their gametes – females’ large eggs and males’ small sperm. Most multicellular organisms have different sized gametes, and this size difference has affected the evolution of life on the planet. Theoretical arguments about why two sexes are ubiquitous have not been tested empirically, mainly because of technical difficulties in experimentally generating different sized gametes. This project will use algae and cell sorting technology to test this. The expected outcome is a greater understanding of how and why the sexes evolved, as well as developing biofuel production methods by paving the way for improvements in algal productivity.Read moreRead less
Genes in conflict in the social insects. Queen bees mate with 20 males, so it is in each male's interests to father female offspring that are more likely to become queens or reproductive workers. In contrast, queens want all workers to be sterile. This project will determine if some males pass on genes to offspring that have been modified so that their daughters are likely to become reproductive.
Deciphering organelle transport mechanisms in plants. Plant growth, productivity and seed yield all depend on organelle function which requires metabolites and proteins
to be transported across membranes. This mechanism of transport is carried out by specific transporters that have
the ability to transport macromolecules, and regulate organelle function. We have identified new transporters that
are involved in amino acid and protein transport in the mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes. We ....Deciphering organelle transport mechanisms in plants. Plant growth, productivity and seed yield all depend on organelle function which requires metabolites and proteins
to be transported across membranes. This mechanism of transport is carried out by specific transporters that have
the ability to transport macromolecules, and regulate organelle function. We have identified new transporters that
are involved in amino acid and protein transport in the mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes. We will assign
function to each protein and investigate the importance in regulating organelle biogenesis. This will allow us to
modulate plant energy production for optimal growth and to withstand abiotic stress, all of which have
agriculturally beneficial consequences. Read moreRead less