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Lung Injury: Influence Of Sodium, Water, Albumin, Gravity And Body Position
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$117,331.00
Summary
Although patients with poor oxygenation often require mechanical ventilation, only therapies that reduce lung damage improve outcome whereas therapies that improve oxygenation have not been shown to improve outcome. This project will examine the role of two common interventions in critically ill patients, fluid resuscitation and posture change, on lung injury. It is anticipated this will lead to clinical trials that will further improve survival in ventilated patients with respiratory failure.
Prospective Clinical Research Of Radiation Response To High-dose Radiotherapy In Lung Tumours And Surrounding Normal Tissue Using Functional Imaging Biomarker Assessments
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$120,275.00
Summary
Radiotherapy is a potentially curative treatment for cancers of the lung. To improve outcomes, modern research efforts have focussed on radiotherapy dose escalation. However a major limitation to dose escalation is the associated toxicity to the lung. At present, the mechanisms of lung toxicity are incompletely understood. This research will investigate biomarkers of radiation response in patients receiving high-dose radiotherapy to the lung by using state-of-the-art scanning techniques.
Reference Values For Spirometry, Lung Volumes, Diffusing Capacity, And Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide In First Nations Australians
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$83,832.00
Summary
Reference values in lung function tests allow respiratory doctors to accurately interpret results in order to effectively diagnose, treat and manage respiratory disease. Currently, reference values do not exist for First Nations adults. I will recruit 600 healthy First Nations adults from communities in Queensland and the Northern Territory for several lung function tests. Data collected will be submitted to the Global Lung Function Initiative to be incorporated into future guidelines.
NY-ESO-1 Expression As An Inducible Chemosensitivity Marker
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$113,237.00
Summary
Immunotherapy is a new concept treatment for lung cancer. Cancer testis antigen (CTA, eg NY-ESO-1) is an immunogenic molecule that was related with poor outcomes, but our recent studies have found that tumours that express NY-ESO-1 are more responsive to chemotherapy. We are also able to induce expression of NY-ESO-1 in cells that do not normally express it using demethylating agents. We aim to determine if we can increase the response to chemotherapy by using these drugs in combination.
Maternal Gut Microbiome During Pregnancy Influences Offspring Atopy And Asthma.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$46,622.00
Summary
Allergic diseases such as food allergy and asthma have increased significantly as our exposure to bacteria has reduced. Many studies have explored exposure to bacteria in early life but few have examined the maternal bacteria we are exposed to while we develop in the womb. New studies indicate that we are exposed to many different components of our mothers gut bacteria and this might change our developing immune system and determine whether or not we get diseases like food allergy and asthma.
Joint Longitudinal And Time-to-event Models For Applications In Health Research
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$86,073.00
Summary
A recently developed statistical technique ("joint modelling") allows for both repeatedly measured biomarker data (for example, blood pressure measurements) and event time data (for example, time until death) to be analysed together. There are several potential benefits to using these models, but since the methods are relatively new their uptake in applied health research remains limited. This PhD will consist of several distinct but interrelated projects which explore the use of these models.
Lung cancer is the commonest cause of cancer death worldwide. There is growing interest in the genetic causes of lung cancer. The overall aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of the steps in the genetic pathway of lung cancer spread. This knowledge is essential in the development of new targeted therapies and improvement in lung cancer prognosis.
Lung Cancer Screening With Low Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT); Exploring Opportunities To Optimise Disease Prevention Across A Range Of Health Outcomes In Australia.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$132,743.00
Summary
Lung cancer is the largest cause of cancer related death in the world. Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) is a scan that reduces deaths from lung cancer by detecting early disease. Australia is investigating a national screening program with LDCT. This project evaluates opportunity provided by such a program to develop a personalised approach to screening using information provided by LDCT beyond cancer (e.g. heart and bone disease) and modify risk factors (e.g. physical activity and smoking).
Environmental Risk Factors And Genetic Modifiers For Lung Health And Lung Function In A High Risk Cohort
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$95,348.00
Summary
Asthma is an important determinant of respiratory health and longevity. While early life exposures are thought to be important, the evidence linking them with asthma and lung function is inconclusive. There is a scarcity of longitudinal studies and few investigate genes and environment. This study will determine whether environmental exposures along with their relevant genetic modifiers are related to increased risk of asthma and impaired lung function in a high allergy risk birth cohort.
Activating Primary Care COPD Patients With Multi-morbidity (APCOM) Pilot Project
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$78,309.00
Summary
The Activating Primary Care COPD Patients with Multi-morbidity (APCOM) pilot project aims to empower primary care patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other co-existing chronic conditions. This will be done by means of a tailored, practice nurse-delivered, self-management intervention designed to improve the participants' disease awareness and coping skills.