Plasmodium vivax is a parasite that invades the youngest of human red blood cells. Our work will reveal how this malaria parasite enters our blood cells and the molecular mechanisms that allows successful invasion. This proposal will redefine our understanding of P. vivax invasion and explore novel ways to block its entry into red blood cells and therefore prevent malaria infection.
Regulatory Networks Controlling The Interaction Of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae With The Human Host
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$361,091.00
Summary
What does Neisseria gonorrhoeae switch on when entering a human cell? Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative agent of the sexually transmitted disease (STD) gonorrhoea and globally causes approximately 20-60 million new cases per annum (WHO). Gonococcal infection is the leading cause of pelvic inflammatory disease in women and ~ one third of patients will become infertile. Increased levels of resistance to traditional antibiotics have raised concerns for future treatment options. To date no succ ....What does Neisseria gonorrhoeae switch on when entering a human cell? Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative agent of the sexually transmitted disease (STD) gonorrhoea and globally causes approximately 20-60 million new cases per annum (WHO). Gonococcal infection is the leading cause of pelvic inflammatory disease in women and ~ one third of patients will become infertile. Increased levels of resistance to traditional antibiotics have raised concerns for future treatment options. To date no successful vaccine strategies have been developed for this organism, primarily because the cell surface proteins elicit limited immunological protection against other strains. To enable the development of innovative approaches to the control of gonococcal infections, we propose to investigate the regulatory networks in gonococci that are important for initial colonization and survival in the human host. We will examine the role of a class of proteins, called sigma factors, that control the expression of a large number of genes in a concerted fashion. The sigma factors themselves do not recognize environmental signals, but their activity is controlled by a complicated array of proteins that are responsive to changing conditions in the bacterial cell. We have for the first time in any bacterial pathogen, identified all of the genes controlled by sigma factors in the obligate human pathogen, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. We have also found that the mechanisms controlling the activity of the sigma factors in this organism are different to those found in other bacterial pathogens. Our aim is to understand the mechanisms that control sigma factors and to gain insight into how N. gonorrhoeae sense and responds to the host cell during infections.Read moreRead less
Structural Role Of The Host Cytoskeleton During Invasion Of Intracellular Pathogens
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$645,205.00
Summary
During infection by bacteria, the 'skeleton' of cells plays critical roles in sensing the invading germs and destroying them. To counteract this, bacteria have evolved strategies to hijack the cell skeleton to promote their own survival, and spread. This intriguing molecular arms race is continuously co-evolving. Understanding this process in great details will have the potential to design novel therapeutics to counteract bacterial and viral infections.
Molecular Dissection Of Proteins That Regulate The Invasion Of Toxoplasma Gondii Into Human Cells
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$387,489.00
Summary
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite responsible for congenital birth defects and disease of immuno-compromised individuals. I propose to identify and characterize molecules essential for T. gondii invasion into human cells. These represent novel targets for therapeutic intervention for disease caused by this important organism.
Combating Infectious Diseases By Harnessing Macrophage Functions
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$688,152.00
Summary
Infectious diseases present a persistent global health threat. For patients with life-threatening diseases caused by bacterial pathogens, antibiotics provide the last resort. Antibiotic resistance, even for newly developed antibiotics, is widespread within the bacterial community. New strategies are urgently needed to combat most bacterial infections. This proposal will investigate a new strategy to train and boost our immune systems to combat infectious diseases.
Pathogenesis, Treatment And Prevention Of Bacterial Infectious Diseases
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$9,752,075.00
Summary
Bacterial infectious diseases remain a serious threat to human health, accounting for over 10 million deaths each year. This is a broad-based collaborative proposal, building on our previous achievements. Its aim is to better understand the dynamic interactions between major disease-causing bacteria and their human hosts, and to directly apply this new knowledge to the development of improved vaccines and novel treatment strategies. These are urgently needed to combat bacterial infectious diseas ....Bacterial infectious diseases remain a serious threat to human health, accounting for over 10 million deaths each year. This is a broad-based collaborative proposal, building on our previous achievements. Its aim is to better understand the dynamic interactions between major disease-causing bacteria and their human hosts, and to directly apply this new knowledge to the development of improved vaccines and novel treatment strategies. These are urgently needed to combat bacterial infectious diseases in the 21st centuryRead moreRead less