Interaction Of Thalamic And Cortical Activity In The Primate Visual System
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$487,580.00
Summary
We recently discovered that a primitive part of the visual pathway shows rhythmic nerve cell activity similar to slow brain waves recorded in sleep, anaesthesia, and epilepsy. We now plan to discover whether these primitive cells help to generate brain waves by measuring the timing of their activity together with brain waves in different visual and non-visual parts of the brain. This project will contribute to understanding the role of brain waves in normal brain function and epilepsy.
A Balancing Act: A Three-pronged Approach To Vestibular Assessment
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$419,180.00
Summary
Vertigo and imbalance are common and disabling symptoms of vestibular (balance) dysfunction. This project will investigate three aspects of vestibular function: by searching for new balance reflexes, revealing the pattern of vestibular deficits in patients with a common form of vertigo caused by migraine, and exploring the impact of vestibular disease on thinking and memory. This research will improve our understanding of the vestibular system and facilitate the diagnosis of episodic vertigo.
Neural Basis Of The Functions Of The Primary Visual Cortex: Roles Of Feedforward And Intracortical Inputs
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$486,280.00
Summary
Signals from the eyes undergo extensive processing at the level of the primary visual cortex so that basic features in the scene such as lines, edges, colours and movement are coded in the activity of individual neurones. This project aims to further our understanding of this process at the basic cellular level. This will not only enable interventions that would help those with poor sight but also give us an insight into basic brain circuitry and its derangement in many neurological disorders.
The Vestibulo-collic Reflex In Humans And Its Use In Diagnosis Of Vertigo
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$278,691.00
Summary
This project will investigate the vestibulo-collic reflex (VCR): a head-stabilising reflex of the neck muscles. The VCR plays an important role in human balance, but is not well-understood. A form of the reflex is used to test vestibular (balance) function in patients with dizziness and vertigo, however the accuracy and interpretation of the test as it is currently used is not optimal. This project aims to improve the accuracy of the VCR in the diagnosis of balance disorders.
Generation Of Complex Responses In Retinal Ganglion Cells
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$490,500.00
Summary
The retinal ganglion cells, whose axons form the optic nerve, comprise numerous distinct types, which respond to visual stimuli in either a simple or complex manner. The project will investigate how the complex responses of the direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) and the local-edge-detector ganglion cells (LEDs) are generated. It appears that the retinal neurons providing inhibitory input to DSGCs and LEDs use different neurotransmitters, and the project will investigate how this shapes t ....The retinal ganglion cells, whose axons form the optic nerve, comprise numerous distinct types, which respond to visual stimuli in either a simple or complex manner. The project will investigate how the complex responses of the direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) and the local-edge-detector ganglion cells (LEDs) are generated. It appears that the retinal neurons providing inhibitory input to DSGCs and LEDs use different neurotransmitters, and the project will investigate how this shapes the response properties of the ganglion cells. This will be done both by recording the visually evoked responses of the ganglion cells in an isolated preparation of the retina and by using two-photon laser-scanning microscopy to functionally image the neuronal interactions between the neurons that inhibit the DSGCs.Read moreRead less
In the normal process of hearing, the brain actively selects sounds of interest from competing background sounds. This normal auditory function is indispensible for children and adults to cope in non-optimal listening environments, however the mechanisms by which such performance is achieved are poorly understood. This project will investigate the nerve circuits that enable this to occur and will also investigate how these circuits malfunction in various types of partial deafness. The results wi ....In the normal process of hearing, the brain actively selects sounds of interest from competing background sounds. This normal auditory function is indispensible for children and adults to cope in non-optimal listening environments, however the mechanisms by which such performance is achieved are poorly understood. This project will investigate the nerve circuits that enable this to occur and will also investigate how these circuits malfunction in various types of partial deafness. The results will improve our understanding of how we detect sounds and the impact of hearing pathologies on this process.Read moreRead less