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An Objective Screening Test For Deglutitive Aspiration And Swallowing Function In Children With Dysphagia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$476,641.00
Summary
Swallowing dysfunction (dysphagia) is common in children with neurological diseases such as cerebral palsy which affects 1:400 births. Fluid in the lungs during swallow (aspiration) is a serious complication causing chest infections and potentially death. We have developed a new test measuring pressures and flows during swallow which can detect abnormalities predisposing to aspiration and we will evaluate this as a screening tool.
Functional Dyspepsia: Characterisation Of The Immunopathology And Testing A Novel Therapeutic Strategy.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$739,604.00
Summary
Dyspepsia, unexplained stomach discomfort and pain, is a common and costly problem; few effective treatments exist and the causes are unknown. We have found that the numbers of a type of immune cell, the eosinophil, are increased in the top of the small bowel in patients with dyspepsia. This study will explore the mechanisms that lead to increased eosinophils and then test the effectiveness of a treatment to suppress this overactive immune response which could rapidly change clinical practice.
Studies Of The Role Of The Hepatocyte In The Response To HCV Infection
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$513,294.00
Summary
Infection with hepatitis C (HCV) affects 120 million individuals worldwide, and over 200,000 in Australia. HCV-related liver disease is the most common indication for liver transplantation in Australia and rates of HCV-related liver failure and hepatocellular cancer are predicted to increase as the HCV population ages. A new test for the IL28B gene, has shown to be the strongest predictor of cure after treatment. The mechanism of this association is unknown and is the subject of this grant.
Dissecting The TMPRSS6 Regulation Of Iron Homeostasis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$613,311.00
Summary
Iron overload and anaemia are two of the most significant health problems affecting humans. Understanding how the body regulates iron levels is key to our understanding of these disorders and to the future development of new therapies. This research is aimed at understanding how a hormone produced in the liver called hepcidin that maintains iron balance is regulated. This research may lead to novel therapies aimed at correcting the iron balance in conditions of iron overload or anaemia
A Novel Strategy For The Early Diagnosis Of Cows Milk Protein Allergy In Infants.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$607,764.00
Summary
Infantile Cow's Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) is becoming increasingly more common. Symptoms due to CMPA (feeding difficulties, feed refusal, vomiting, crying and irritability) are clinically indistinguishable from reflux disease, leading to unnecessary anti-reflux treatments and delaying appropriate therapy. By using a state-of-the art system which more easily differentiates symptoms due to reflux disease from those due to CMPA, this project will improve the speed and accuracy of diagnosis.
Clinical And Microbiological Predictors Of Post-operative Crohn's Disease Recurrence
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$120,253.00
Summary
The multi-centre randomised controlled POCER (Post-Operative Crohn’s Disease Recurrence) trial has shown that following “curative” surgery, the anti-tumour necrosis factor drug adalimumab prevents recurrent disease in almost all patients. I will examine the multiple factors that contribute to disease recurrence including assessment of mucosal microbiota, faecal biomarkers and serological antibody markers in patients with Crohn's disease. Results will improve clinical outcomes and change internat ....The multi-centre randomised controlled POCER (Post-Operative Crohn’s Disease Recurrence) trial has shown that following “curative” surgery, the anti-tumour necrosis factor drug adalimumab prevents recurrent disease in almost all patients. I will examine the multiple factors that contribute to disease recurrence including assessment of mucosal microbiota, faecal biomarkers and serological antibody markers in patients with Crohn's disease. Results will improve clinical outcomes and change international practice.Read moreRead less
Individualising Care For Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C: Predicting Side Effects And Treatment Response Using Genomic And Proteomic Approaches.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$55,575.00
Summary
Patients undergoing treatment for hepatitis C must endure a treatment characterized by unpredictable treatment side effects and uncertainty about the likelihood of cure. This project will investigate genetic predictors of treatment related side-effects and protein markers to predict treatment response. Better definition of the risks and benefits of therapy, may facilitate patients and clinicians to make more informed decisions about treatment, thus individualising treatment and potentially impro ....Patients undergoing treatment for hepatitis C must endure a treatment characterized by unpredictable treatment side effects and uncertainty about the likelihood of cure. This project will investigate genetic predictors of treatment related side-effects and protein markers to predict treatment response. Better definition of the risks and benefits of therapy, may facilitate patients and clinicians to make more informed decisions about treatment, thus individualising treatment and potentially improving the safety and efficacy of therapy.Read moreRead less
Clinical And Microbiological Studies Of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation In Ulcerative Colitis - A Phase II, Multicentre, Randomised Double Blind, Exploratory Proof Of Concept, Placebo Controlled Trial
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$140,949.00
Summary
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the large bowel. It is the result of a dysfunctional immune system that inappropriately targets and damages the colon. There is increasing evidence that gut bacteria play a crucial role in UC, possibly by stimulating inappropriate activation of immune cells. We believe that by "transplanting" the faeces (and thus gut microbes) of healthy individuals into the colon of UC patients, we may change the bacterial make up and correct ....Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the large bowel. It is the result of a dysfunctional immune system that inappropriately targets and damages the colon. There is increasing evidence that gut bacteria play a crucial role in UC, possibly by stimulating inappropriate activation of immune cells. We believe that by "transplanting" the faeces (and thus gut microbes) of healthy individuals into the colon of UC patients, we may change the bacterial make up and correct the inappropriate immune system activation.Read moreRead less
The Epidemiology And Burden Of Liver Disease In Australia With An Emphasis On Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$151,143.00
Summary
Non alcoholic fatty liver disease is now the commonest cause of abnormal liver function in Australia due to its close association with the obesity epidemic. It is likely to become the leading cause of liver failure and liver cancer over the next few decades. Despite this, the prevalence in Australian populations is unknown. The aim of this project is to assess how common this disorder is, the burden it places on the healthcare system and the effectiveness of treatment for liver cancer caused by ....Non alcoholic fatty liver disease is now the commonest cause of abnormal liver function in Australia due to its close association with the obesity epidemic. It is likely to become the leading cause of liver failure and liver cancer over the next few decades. Despite this, the prevalence in Australian populations is unknown. The aim of this project is to assess how common this disorder is, the burden it places on the healthcare system and the effectiveness of treatment for liver cancer caused by advanced non alcoholic fatty liver disease.Read moreRead less
Development Of Serum Models That Can Predict Clinical Outcomes In Chronic Liver Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$380,694.00
Summary
The overall objective of this project is to develop blood tests that can accurately predict liver related death, liver cancer and liver decompensation respectively for patients with chronic liver disease. Blood tests will also be developed to predict cardiovascular disease in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, we will evaluate the use of repeated blood tests to assess if this can more accurately predict death and complications compared to a single time point.