Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE140100588
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$395,220.00
Summary
Gene-environment interactions in the regulation of neuroplasticity and cognitive function . This project will study the effects of different housing conditions on neuroplasticity-related cognitive function by combining an innovative operant conditioning behavioural test (computerised touch-screen technology) and new molecular approaches. Potential gene-environment interactions will be revealed using genetically targeted mice which have never been assessed in that context (mutants with altered gl ....Gene-environment interactions in the regulation of neuroplasticity and cognitive function . This project will study the effects of different housing conditions on neuroplasticity-related cognitive function by combining an innovative operant conditioning behavioural test (computerised touch-screen technology) and new molecular approaches. Potential gene-environment interactions will be revealed using genetically targeted mice which have never been assessed in that context (mutants with altered glucocorticoid and serotonin signalling). This project will study whether specific stages of the neuroplasticity process are differentially modulated through gene-environment interactions, ultimately resulting in changes to behaviour and cognitive functions. This will lead to a better understanding of the potential approaches that could be used to improve cognitive function.Read moreRead less
Studying the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with near Infrared spectroscopy. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is increasingly being used as a tool in studying human and animal brain function and in the treatment of brain disorders but there are fundamental gaps in our understanding of its basic mechanisms of action and hence our capacity to optimise protocols. This research will use near infrared spectroscopy to study the range of potential ways of alt ....Studying the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with near Infrared spectroscopy. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is increasingly being used as a tool in studying human and animal brain function and in the treatment of brain disorders but there are fundamental gaps in our understanding of its basic mechanisms of action and hence our capacity to optimise protocols. This research will use near infrared spectroscopy to study the range of potential ways of altering brain activity with rTMS. It will substantially enhance the applicability of the technique ultimately improving our knowledge of human and animal brain function and outcomes for patients with depression and other disorders. It will help reinforce Australia as a leading country in the development of brain stimulation techniques.Read moreRead less
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE120100110
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$375,000.00
Summary
Extinction of drug-seeking in adolescent rats. To investigate the ontogeny of drug abuse and its treatment, acquisition and treatment of drug-seeking behaviour will be examined in adolescent rats. I expect that adolescent rats will fail to inhibit drug-seeking behaviour, and show immaturity in cortical brain areas. Increasing cortical activity may rescue their ability to inhibit drug-seeking.
Neural and cognitive studies of reward sensitivity and its influence on addiction-related behaviour. The proposed research aims to contribute to current scientific thinking on the influence of reward sensitivity on cognitive performance. Cognitive neuroscience research on this relationship is of major scientific interest because heightened reward sensitivity is a significant predictor of risk for a number of Australia's major social and economic problems. The findings of this project will contri ....Neural and cognitive studies of reward sensitivity and its influence on addiction-related behaviour. The proposed research aims to contribute to current scientific thinking on the influence of reward sensitivity on cognitive performance. Cognitive neuroscience research on this relationship is of major scientific interest because heightened reward sensitivity is a significant predictor of risk for a number of Australia's major social and economic problems. The findings of this project will contribute to the debate about how to manage such problems.Read moreRead less
Examining the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive control and its application to clinical syndromes featuring dyscontrol. This project will examine the cognitive control and its underlying neural mechanisms. Understanding this relationship is of major scientific interest because cognitive control dysfunction is related to a number of Australia's major social and economic problems, including drug dependence.
Using musical training to examine brain plasticity and cognitive skill development. Until recently, the brain was likened to a computer - hard-wired with minimal response to injury. Exciting new research is altering this view, showing that the brain can change in response to the environment. This study will use sophisticated brain scanning techniques with musicians who have rare, absolute pitch ability. This ability develops with exposure to early training during a critical time period. We will ....Using musical training to examine brain plasticity and cognitive skill development. Until recently, the brain was likened to a computer - hard-wired with minimal response to injury. Exciting new research is altering this view, showing that the brain can change in response to the environment. This study will use sophisticated brain scanning techniques with musicians who have rare, absolute pitch ability. This ability develops with exposure to early training during a critical time period. We will test the relationship between this exposure and changes in brain shape and function. The results will tell us about the interaction between genes and environment, and the way normal development can be enhanced by early experiences.Read moreRead less
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE120101743
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$375,000.00
Summary
Estrogens and schizophrenia: animal studies. The female hormone, estrogen, plays a role on the reproductive system but is also involved in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Estrogen has been shown to be protective against schizophrenia, but the mechanism underlying this effect is unknown. This project aims to elucidate the brain mechanisms by which estrogens exert their action.
The impact of female sex hormones on neurodevelopment. This project aims to characterise the contribution of sex hormones to the development of emotional brain circuits in female adolescents. Puberty is associated with profound changes in emotional behaviours in females, but we know little about the underlying brain mechanisms. In particular, research has neglected to consider the role of the sex hormones for which changes are a defining feature of female puberty (eg, oestradiol). This work will ....The impact of female sex hormones on neurodevelopment. This project aims to characterise the contribution of sex hormones to the development of emotional brain circuits in female adolescents. Puberty is associated with profound changes in emotional behaviours in females, but we know little about the underlying brain mechanisms. In particular, research has neglected to consider the role of the sex hormones for which changes are a defining feature of female puberty (eg, oestradiol). This work will be the first to comprehensively advance our understanding of the unique role of sex hormones in shaping the adolescent female brain. It will provide critical understanding of how individual differences in hormonal factors increase risk for emotional problems in females, and inform treatment strategies.Read moreRead less
Dissociating facial processing pathways for static and dynamic information. Abnormalities in social cognition are increasingly recognised as representing core features of a number of psychiatric disorders including autism, Aspberger's syndrome, and schizophrenia, however, the brain mechanisms underlying such abilities in the healthy brain are still not well understood. The current proposal aims to use Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to explore the role of specific brain regions in subserving a ....Dissociating facial processing pathways for static and dynamic information. Abnormalities in social cognition are increasingly recognised as representing core features of a number of psychiatric disorders including autism, Aspberger's syndrome, and schizophrenia, however, the brain mechanisms underlying such abilities in the healthy brain are still not well understood. The current proposal aims to use Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to explore the role of specific brain regions in subserving an important aspect of social functioning; the processing of facial information. As such, the study will significantly enhance our understanding of the neural mechanisms of such processes in healthy brains, thus also informing our understanding of the pathological mechanisms associated with these psychiatric conditions.Read moreRead less
Cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying lateral biases in human vision. Under conditions of unconstrained viewing, humans show a consistent and reliable asymmetry in their perception of visual stimuli. This bias, which favours the left side, arises at a post-retinal level and is hypothesised to reflect hemispheric asymmetry in the control of visuospatial attention. This program of research investigates the mechanisms underlying lateral biases in visual perception, using the latest cognitive n ....Cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying lateral biases in human vision. Under conditions of unconstrained viewing, humans show a consistent and reliable asymmetry in their perception of visual stimuli. This bias, which favours the left side, arises at a post-retinal level and is hypothesised to reflect hemispheric asymmetry in the control of visuospatial attention. This program of research investigates the mechanisms underlying lateral biases in visual perception, using the latest cognitive neuroscience techniques. The findings will provide important new information about the neural and cognitive bases for normal and disordered visuospatial perception. The goal is to develop a novel test of perceptual asymmetries for use in normal participants and neurological patients.Read moreRead less