A Study Of Muscarinic Receptors In Brain Tissue Obtained Postmortem From Subjects With Schizophrenia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$354,810.00
Summary
The research outlined in this proposal will examine the molecular make up of certain regions of the human brain and determine if components within those regions are altered in tissue from subjects with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric illness that affects approximately 1% of the Australian population and the research described in this proposal seeks to help understand the cause of the illness and-or to assist in the development of new drugs with which to treat the illness. T ....The research outlined in this proposal will examine the molecular make up of certain regions of the human brain and determine if components within those regions are altered in tissue from subjects with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric illness that affects approximately 1% of the Australian population and the research described in this proposal seeks to help understand the cause of the illness and-or to assist in the development of new drugs with which to treat the illness. The goal of the research outlined in this proposal is to determine if there are changes in specific molecules in the brain, termed muscarinic receptors. The muscarinic receptors are one way that a chemical in the brain called acetylcholine can communicate with the nerve cells in the brain. Acetylcholine is known to control important functions of the brain such as in memory, cognition and learning, all of these functions are thought to be affected in schizophrenia. Importantly, the control of all these functions involve muscarinic receptors and therefore, changes in those receptors could well produce some of the symptoms of schizophrenia. We now wish to extend our early studies which suggest there may be changes in muscarinic receptors in the brain of subjects with schizophrenia to determine which of the 5 muscarinic receptors are affected in which region of the brain by the pathology of the illness. From our existing data, we would predict that these studies will add weight to the argument that muscarinic receptors are altered in schizophrenia and provide vital information as to how drugs that target these receptors may be used to treat the illness.Read moreRead less
Characterising The Muscarinic Receptor Deficit In Schizophrenia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$476,543.00
Summary
Post-mortem examination of the brains of schizophrenia patients reveals a substantial loss of muscarinic receptors. This is likely to be clinically very important if it can also be confirmed in living patients. Having developed a new scanning technique that shows muscarinic receptors in the living brain, we will now scan patients with schizophrenia to see if they also show this receptor loss, and see how it affects them. This could open new doors to understanding and treating the disease.
A Breakdown Of Cortical Homeostasis In Depression: A Focus On The Anterior Cingulate
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$625,629.00
Summary
Major depressive disorders affect 20% of the Australian population. Some symptoms of major depressive disorders arise because of a dysfunction of the human brain, particularly the cortex. Our studies show there are biochemical changes in the anterior cingulate cortex in people with mood disorders. We will now extend our studies to show there is a breakdown in the balance between neurotransmitter and neuroinflammation pathways in the anterior cingulate cortex in major depressive disorders.
Muscarinic Receptor Signalling, Transglutaminase And Diabetes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$518,210.00
Summary
Diabetes is a major and increasing cuase of death and disability in our society. This studies aims to understand the cellular and molecular mechaisms controlling insulin secretion from the pancreas, since defects in this secretion are involved in causing diabetes. The proposed studies are of relevance to both juvenile and adult-onset diabetes, and may lead to new treatment modalities, as well as potentially being relevant to the use of pencreatic islet cell transplantation in the treatment of di ....Diabetes is a major and increasing cuase of death and disability in our society. This studies aims to understand the cellular and molecular mechaisms controlling insulin secretion from the pancreas, since defects in this secretion are involved in causing diabetes. The proposed studies are of relevance to both juvenile and adult-onset diabetes, and may lead to new treatment modalities, as well as potentially being relevant to the use of pencreatic islet cell transplantation in the treatment of diabetes.Read moreRead less
Understanding The Pathophysiology Of Schizophrenia, Major Depressive Disorder And Bipolar Disorder As A Basis For Improving Treatments
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$804,106.00
Summary
The Applicant seeks to understand the causes of the schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, which affect over 20% of the Australian population. This research is important as drug design, based on chemical remodelling, has not significantly advanced initial breakthroughs in treating psychiatric disorders and there is now a widespread belief that new drugs will only come from understand their causes.