Development Of Novel Anti-malaria Drugs That Block Parasite Invasion
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,035,623.00
Summary
Malaria is a devastating parasitic disease that kills over 400,000 people a year. Antimalarial drugs play a crucial role in helping eradicate malaria but of great concern is that parasites are becoming resistant to current drugs. We are developing drugs that prevent parasites from invading and proliferating in human blood which causes malaria. We are also discovering how the drugs work with the aim of greatly improving their performance towards clinical uptake.
Host Targeted Adjunctive Therapies To Boost Antimalarial Immunity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,060,189.00
Summary
Malaria caused 200 million cases and 400000 deaths in 2018. One problem in developing new control strategies for malaria is that following a malaria infection, individuals develop disruptive immune responses that block vaccines. Our project investigates the ability of a repurposed drug to prevent the development of disruptive immune responses during malaria in humans. Results of our studies will inform the development of new malaria control tools.
Discovering How A Novel Anti-malarial Drug Series Rapidly Kills Parasites
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$672,971.00
Summary
We have developed a new set of highly potent anti-malarial drugs but we do not know how they work. Identifying how these compounds work is important for improving their effectiveness and safety. We will discover how these drugs kill parasites by using a number of cutting edge methods that could also be useful for discovering how other drugs work. Data generated will progress these compounds along the drug development pipeline which urgently needs a constant supply of new antimalarials.
Spinosyns As Endectocides For Blocking Transmission Of Malaria And Other Mosquito-borne Diseases
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$758,299.00
Summary
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. It is transmitted by mosquitoes and kills 400,000 people annually. To prevent malaria we must stop transmission. We have discovered a natural substance that, if ingested, makes an animal's blood lethal to at least one type of mosquito. It also kills the parasite. We aim to determine if it kills other key mosquito types and how it kills the parasite. We expect this study will lead to a pill that stops transmission of malaria and other tropical diseases.
Host-directed Therapy For Malaria: Host Cell Signalome As A Target
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$898,043.00
Summary
Malaria parasites kill 450,000 children a year and impact on the economic development of communities. Spreading drug resistant malaria parasites within Australia's South-East Asian neighbours creates an urgent and unmet need for new drug treatments. We will characterise host signals required for parasite survival in immature erythrocytes and identify host-directed, ready to develop, resistance-proofed drugs to kill malaria parasites.
Novel Genetic Tools For Tracking The Origins And Spread Of Plasmodium Vivax
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$536,158.00
Summary
Plasmodium vivax causes >8 million malaria cases annually. Containment of this parasite is constrained by limited surveillance tools. This project will establish genetic data on >6,000 P. vivax cases from across the globe. Using this data, we will develop an online platform with analytical tools to identify the main reservoirs of infection, how parasites are spreading within and across national borders, and how effectively interventions have impacted on parasite transmission.
Substandard Bed Nets And Malaria: Causes, Impact And Solutions
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$827,057.00
Summary
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are a cornerstone of malaria control. LLIN undergo strict testing overseen by WHO and are subject to inspections prior to delivery to recipient countries. Despite this, we found that LLINs delivered to Papua New Guinea (PNG) between 2013 and 2019 were ineffective against malaria mosquitoes. Concurrently we observed a massive rise in malaria in PNG. This study is aimed at understanding the causes and impact of substandard LLINs on the global malaria burden.
Using Immunological Principles To Inform Malaria Vaccine Design
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$577,763.00
Summary
Malaria kills ~420,000 people each year worldwide. While a vaccine does exist, efficacy is poor and protection wanes rapidly. We have made breakthroughs in understanding the immune response to malaria that allow us to design a new generation of malaria vaccines. Based on this we aim to generate a vaccine that induces sustained levels of high-quality antibodies targeting multiple targets on the parasite and so can provide sustained long-term protection.
Gamma Delta T Cells: The Fourth Player In CD8 T Cell Immunity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,020,777.00
Summary
The immune systems of animals have evolved complex but effective mechanisms to protect against infection with intracellular pathogens. This requires that T cells can distinguish uninfected cells from those harbouring pathogens. This is achieved via recognition of pathogen-derived molecules, which activate the immune system to recognise and fight the pathogen. We have identified a crucial role for a gamma delta T cells in this process, making them essential sentinels of intracellular infection.
Determining Immune Dynamics During Controlled Primary Infection In Humans
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$579,823.00
Summary
T cells are critical to human health being our second and last line against infectious disease and cancer. However, we know very little about how this hugely complex immune compartment operates during primary challenge with infectious disease. This project will use new technologies to resolve this immune compartment to high detail during the days, weeks and years following controlled infection in human volunteers.