Analysis Of Killer T Cell Geometry During An Anti-tumour Response
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$547,216.00
Summary
Cancer is a major health problem around the world. Currently used treatment options of cancer have the drawback that they also damage healthy tissues. This limits the dosages that can be administered, frequently resulting in treatment failure. Anti-tumour killer T cells are a naturally occurring cell type that can cause tumour regression. In the present proposal, we explore how the efficiency of these cell-types can be further enhanced to induce rejection of progressing tumours.
Understanding The Role Of B Cells In Gastric Cancer For The Design Of New Therapeutic Strategies
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$696,383.00
Summary
Gastric cancer is the 2nd most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Our laboratory has previously established clinically relevant mouse model of gastric cancers, and our preliminary results indicate a strong link between B cell tumor infiltration and gastric cancer progression. In this project, we aim to elucidate the role of B cells in gastric cancer and determine whether B-cell targeted therapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy can be beneficial against this malignancy.
The Role Of The Actomyosin Cytoskeleton In T Cell-mediated Anti-tumour Immunity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$616,950.00
Summary
T cells, specialised immune cells, are crucial in the defence against tumours. In order to reach cancerous target cells, T cells must enter tumour tissues from the blood stream and then effectively migrate in the extravascular space. This application aims to uncover the role of the cytoskeleton, a group of molecules driving cell shape change and motility, in the efficient execution of T cell anti-tumour function. These studies will aid the development of improved immunotherapies against cancer.
Investigating The Anti-tumour Efficacy And On Target Toxicity Of Gene-modified T Cell Therapy In Vivo
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$337,614.00
Summary
White blood cells from cancer patients can be modified in the laboratory to react against tumours. Although these cells can induce cancer regression when given back to the patient, these cells can often cause associated pathology. In this study we propose to fully investigate the limits of this type of therapy for mediating anti-tumour responses and potential toxicity in mouse models that closely recapitulate the human setting. These studies will lead to a more effective therapy for patients.
The Role Of NK Cell Receptors In Tumor Immunity And Cancer Therapy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$641,264.00
Summary
White blood cells lymphocytes have an important role to play in cancer immunity and the activity of some cancer therapies. Therapeutics that improve lymphocyte function in patient tumors are showing great promise. Yet, virtually nothing is known about one family of lymphocyte receptors that control function in cancer. Using relevant mouse models of cancer and patient tumors we now wish to assess the relative importance of this family of receptors in tumor immunity, therapy, and escape.
The Role Of The Transcription Factor Blimp-1 In Tumour Immunity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$642,674.00
Summary
Regulatory T (Treg) cells function by suppressing immune system activity, ensuring that our immune system does not mount a response against our own tissue. In cancer, Treg cells suppress anti-tumour immunity, facilitating tumour growth. Recently we have identified a group of active Treg cells that may be the key drivers of immune response regulation. Our work will examine the role of these active Treg cells in tumour immunity, opening the door to more effective targeting of Treg cells in cancer.
Identification Of CIS As A Potent Checkpoint In NK Cell-mediated Tumour Immunity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$959,596.00
Summary
Cancer must evade detection by the immune system in order to develop. Natural Killer (NK) cells can detect and kill cancer cells. We have discovered a potent "checkpoint" in the NK cell activation pathway that desensitises NK cells to growth factors and switches off their activation and killer function. When this checkpoint is inhibited, NK cells are super activated and can prevent most types of cancer metastasis in mice. Targeting this checkpoint in humans could revolutionise cancer therapy.
Mast Cells Are Key Negative Regulators Of Skin Tumourigenesis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$687,519.00
Summary
Australians are at high risk of sun-induced skin cancer and skin damage caused by the harmful ultraviolet (UV)-B rays in sunlight. Our research focuses on understanding how skin mast cells act as part of the body’s natural defence against skin tumourigenesis caused by excessive UVB exposure or chemical insult to the epidermis. Understanding the innate mechanisms that protect against excessive skin damage and cancer might lead to better prevention and treatment strategies in the future.
Perforinopathy: Immune-disease Due To Defective Perforin Function
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$671,514.00
Summary
White blood cells called cytotoxic lymphocytes destroy cancerous cells using special toxic molecules. One of them, perforin, eliminates dangerous cells by punching holes in their membrane. Some individuals that lack perforin become seriously ill in their infancy. Others, that retain some perforin in their lymphocytes can live longer and are at higher risk of developing cancer. We will investigate the causes of partial loss of perforin function and explore novel drug therapies, which should addre ....White blood cells called cytotoxic lymphocytes destroy cancerous cells using special toxic molecules. One of them, perforin, eliminates dangerous cells by punching holes in their membrane. Some individuals that lack perforin become seriously ill in their infancy. Others, that retain some perforin in their lymphocytes can live longer and are at higher risk of developing cancer. We will investigate the causes of partial loss of perforin function and explore novel drug therapies, which should address the problem and restore immune function.Read moreRead less