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Transcriptional Regulation Of The Complement Receptor 2 Gene (CR2/CD21) During B Cell Lineage Committment
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$466,500.00
Summary
The complement system is a very important pathway within the human immune system. One of the receptors within this system is complement receptor 2 or CR2. CR2 has not only been shown to be important within the inflammatory response and defence against microbes but is also important in normal generation of a B cell immune response . B cells not only produce antibodies against foreign organisms but in some cases dysfunction of the B cell can bring about autoimmunity by production of antibodies aga ....The complement system is a very important pathway within the human immune system. One of the receptors within this system is complement receptor 2 or CR2. CR2 has not only been shown to be important within the inflammatory response and defence against microbes but is also important in normal generation of a B cell immune response . B cells not only produce antibodies against foreign organisms but in some cases dysfunction of the B cell can bring about autoimmunity by production of antibodies against self tissues and cells . How the CR2 gene turns on expression on different cells within the immune system is complex. The amount of receptor on the surface of antibody producing B cells has important implications to B cell biology. As CR2 expression is turned on at an important point within the antibody producing B cell and the levels of this receptor can influence B cell function, understanding how this gene is regulated is important.Read moreRead less
Cytoprotection By Erythropoietin In Hypoxia-ischaemia Of The Kidney And Brain
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$477,661.00
Summary
We aim to make a significant research impact by describing the complex mechanisms responsible for protecting kidney and brain cells from stress caused by a lack of oxygen. In particular we will establish whether the compound erythropoietin (Epo), which occurs naturally in the human body but its human recombinant form can also be used as a treatment, may be useful in protecting cells from death following a shortage of oxygen. . We have already described how Epo can protect the kidney, but no one ....We aim to make a significant research impact by describing the complex mechanisms responsible for protecting kidney and brain cells from stress caused by a lack of oxygen. In particular we will establish whether the compound erythropoietin (Epo), which occurs naturally in the human body but its human recombinant form can also be used as a treatment, may be useful in protecting cells from death following a shortage of oxygen. . We have already described how Epo can protect the kidney, but no one has yet described its action on kidney cell differentiation or its effect on structural and vascular support in the injured kidney. When might Epo treatment be effective? Could it protect against chronic renal disease? Likewise, whilst more very pre-term babies survive, this is a crucial period when they are at heightened sensitivity to lack of oxygen and they are at risk of brain damage and poor development because of lack of maturation of key structural cells in the brain. The role of Epo in aiding brain cell maturation and on blood vessel formation and function in this faulty development period is not known. Both of these health problems are major issues causing huge costs to society both financial and emotional. Despite the early evidence of a useful role for Epo in human disease treatment, current experimental and clinical data demonstrate the importance of further thorough investigation of mechanisms and cellular pathways that will underpin improvements in clinical outcomes. A particular strength of our project is that by comparing similarities and differences in the kidney and brain, we will be able to elucidate the mechanisms of action of Epo and its analogues.Read moreRead less