MECHANISMS OF ABNORMAL EXPRESSION OF THE IGF2 GENE IN DISORDERS AFFECTING FOETAL GROWTH
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$560,434.00
Summary
The IGF2 gene is crucial for foetal growth. Only the copy inherited from the father is active, a phenomenon named parental imprinting. In some children with foetal overgrowth or growth retardation, the deregulation of imprinting of the IGF2 gene during the first days of foetal development will influence subsequent growth and will also have major implications in post-natal and adult life. We will investigate the mechanisms resulting in abnormal imprinting of the IGF2 early in development.
Mechanisms Of Abnormal Expression Of The IGF2 Gene In Disorders Affectin Foetal Growth
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$420,872.00
Summary
The IGF2 gene is crucial for foetal growth. Only the copy inherited from the father is active, a phenomenon named parental imprinting. In some children with foetal overgrowth or growth retardation, the deregulation of imprinting of the IGF2 gene during the first days of foetal development will influence subsequent growth and will also have major implications in post-natal and adult life. We will investigate the mechanisms resulting in abnormal imprinting of IGF2 early in development.
Teeth And Faces Of Australian Twins: A Longitudinal Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$647,226.00
Summary
We are seeking support from the NHMRC to complete a longitudinal study of 250 pairs of twins, both identical and non-identical, whom we have examined at around 4-6 years of age when all the baby teeth were present in the mouth, then again at around 8-10 years of age when both primary and permanent teeth were present. We now plan to examine these twins again at around the age of 11-13 years when all the permanent teeth, except the wisdom teeth, are normally present. Records to be obtained from th ....We are seeking support from the NHMRC to complete a longitudinal study of 250 pairs of twins, both identical and non-identical, whom we have examined at around 4-6 years of age when all the baby teeth were present in the mouth, then again at around 8-10 years of age when both primary and permanent teeth were present. We now plan to examine these twins again at around the age of 11-13 years when all the permanent teeth, except the wisdom teeth, are normally present. Records to be obtained from the twins over the next three years will include dental examinations, dental impressions from which casts can be made, shed primary teeth, and intra- and extra-oral photographs. We will apply modern methods of genetic analysis to determine the importance of genetic and environmental influences on observed variation in several dental and facial features. We will also study the fascinating phenomenon of mirror imaging in twins, where one twin mirrors the other for one or more features. Longitudinal studies of twins, in which a large sample of children is studied over several years, provide a powerful means of determining how genes influence growth and development. As far as we are aware, ours is the only large-scale longitudinal study of dental and facial growth in twins being undertaken in the world at present. Once we have collected all the data and carried out analyses, we will gain a much better understanding of the factors that can influence development of the teeth and face, and be in a much better position to be able to predict those children who are most likely to develop malocclusions in later life.Read moreRead less
Defining Genetic And Epigenetic Variation During Early Development
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$996,075.00
Summary
We all began life with a set of genes inherited from our parents. However, it's now known that from the time we were in the womb onwards that genes can be turned off and on by the environment or even completely lost or gained. Even what your mother ate or how she behaved while she was pregnant could have influenced your future health. Because people are so different, we are studying the subtle differences between twins to tease out the factors that may influence our genes and our health.
The great divergence, long-run growth and unified theories of economic growth. This project investigates why income has been close to subsistence levels for most of human history, and in particular, the factors that were responsible for take-off in Europe two centuries ago and then later in other countries. It is expected that both major and minor technological innovations have played a critical role in take-off.
Growth, IQ, diseases, and the great demographic transition. This project investigates firstly whether poor health and malnutrition among young children was a cause of severe cognitive impairment in the pre-industrialised West and in developing countries today, and secondly whether this has been a major factor behind the large disparities in income and growth over the 150 years since industrialisation.
Towards better multidimensional well-being measurement. The research will develop enhanced multidimensional measures of well-being and provide guidance that will significantly improve their use and interpretation. It will provide insights that will better inform policies aimed at higher well-being levels.
Regulation Of Intestinal Stem Cells And Intestinal Growth
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$419,018.00
Summary
How the small intestine grows is important for preterm babies and those with short bowel syndrome. This study investigates the mechanisms of growth in the normal situation and in animal model of short bowel syndrome. It investigates particular growth pathways that regulate growth and particularly that of intestinal stem cells.
Inequality of health, wealth and education in China. This project aims to examine whether China’s recent increase in income inequality is associated with increased inequalities in other well-being related outcomes: health, education and wealth. It also aims to identify the factors associated with increases in inequalities. Significant increases in income and wealth inequality could have detrimental effects on economic and political stability. The expected outcomes from this project will help to ....Inequality of health, wealth and education in China. This project aims to examine whether China’s recent increase in income inequality is associated with increased inequalities in other well-being related outcomes: health, education and wealth. It also aims to identify the factors associated with increases in inequalities. Significant increases in income and wealth inequality could have detrimental effects on economic and political stability. The expected outcomes from this project will help to identify policies useful in addressing inequalities and enhancing stability within Australia's important trading partner.Read moreRead less