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A Randomized Trial Of The Impact Of A Multi-intervention Anti-tobacco Strategy In 8 Indigenous Communities.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$567,750.00
Summary
Tobacco smoking represents the major risk to life and health within Australian Indigenous communities. Survey data suggest that prevalence rates for the Indigenous community are more than twice those of the non-Indigenous population. These rates are reflected in the pattern of mortality and morbidity within Indigenous communities. During the period 1989-1999 the smoking-related death rate amongst Indigenous Queenslanders was almost three times greater than that of non-Indigenous Queenslanders. A ....Tobacco smoking represents the major risk to life and health within Australian Indigenous communities. Survey data suggest that prevalence rates for the Indigenous community are more than twice those of the non-Indigenous population. These rates are reflected in the pattern of mortality and morbidity within Indigenous communities. During the period 1989-1999 the smoking-related death rate amongst Indigenous Queenslanders was almost three times greater than that of non-Indigenous Queenslanders. Additionally, tobacco smoking is a major contributing factor in many conditions that constitute significant Indigenous health problems. The natural history of smoking also differs between the Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. Indigenous smokers start younger, are more likely to develop smoking-related conditions and tend to die younger than non-Indigenous smokers. Despite the above statistics, there is little published data on the effectiveness of anti-smoking interventions within Australia's Indigenous populations. Lessons from non-Indigenous communities suggest that the most successful strategies are those that target populations at many different levels. Rather than one isolated intervention, such strategies may include policy initiatives, training and education of health staff, community education and awareness campaigns and increased access to cessation techniques. Indigenous communities generally lack the capacity to initiate these type of tobacco control strategies. This project aims to examine the impact of a multi-intervention anti-tobacco strategy within north Queensland Indigenous communities. The project has three broad aims: 1) to increase the capacity of health services to implement and deliver anti-tobacco interventions; 2) to increase community knowledge and awareness of the risks of smoking and 3) to decrease the level of tobacco consumption within communities.Read moreRead less
NT-proBNP And The Identification And Treatment Of Structural Heart Disease And Heart Failure In High-risk Individuals
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,506,479.00
Summary
Chronic heart failure (CHF) affects at least 300,000 Australians. It is a major burden on the community because of the costs of care, and the poor quality of life and premature death of affected individuals. This project will address the urgent need for better strategies to identify individuals with undiagnosed CHF and structural heart disease, and those who are destined to develop these conditions, who have so much to gain from currently available therapies for treatment and prevention.
The Real And Changing Atherothrombotic Disease Burden And Secondary Prevention
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$507,387.00
Summary
Absolute numbers of Australians with diseased narrowed blood vessels in the heart, brain or leg are increasing, dominating health priorities and expenditure. By linking Department of Health datasets, without identifying individual's, trends in hospital admissions, prescription of chronic protective medications and the cost consequences to the health system among and across conditions will be determined. The findings will provide quality measures of hospital care and inform quality improvement
A Randomised Controlled Trial Of A Nurse-led Intervention For Less Chronic Heart Failure: The NIL-CHF Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,166,160.00
Summary
The overall aim of the unique NIL-CHF Study is to examine the benefits of applying a specialist nurse-led, home and clinic-based intervention to optimise the care of recently discharged hospital patients with heart disease. Involving 950 patients, it will explore whether more flexible and individualised care to apply the best possible medical treatments is able to PREVENT the most deadly and disabling form of heart disease (chronic heart failure - CHF) and save money in the process.
Measuring, Assessing And Explaining Hospital Performance
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$776,865.00
Summary
The performance of hospitals is an important issue for Australia. Increasingly, hospital performance is being managed using a number of policies, including case mix funding, pay for performance, and performance management frameworks linked to funding and other incentives. The aim of this research partnership is to improve the generation and use of knowledge to measure, understand and improve hospital performance in Australia.
Diagnosis, Management And Outcomes Of Depression In Primary Care (DIAMOND) - A Longitudinal Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$463,125.00
Summary
Depression is the single largest cause of disability for people in Australia. It is mainly managed in general practice, yet many people experiencing depression go unrecognised by their family doctor or general practitioner (GP). Some people, even when given treatment, remain depressed. Guides on how to manage depression have been mainly based upon people attending psychiatrists and hospitals. In addition, there have been a number of large studies overseas testing new ways of helping people with ....Depression is the single largest cause of disability for people in Australia. It is mainly managed in general practice, yet many people experiencing depression go unrecognised by their family doctor or general practitioner (GP). Some people, even when given treatment, remain depressed. Guides on how to manage depression have been mainly based upon people attending psychiatrists and hospitals. In addition, there have been a number of large studies overseas testing new ways of helping people with depression. Unfortunately, they do not seem any better than usual care by a GP. The proposed DIAMOND study will follow, over time, 900 people who receive care in general practice to investigate the factors, from the patients' and doctors' point of view, that are likely to aid recovery from depression, and prevent further episodes. We will investigate in detail the way in which a patient is cared for in the primary health care system. We will be able to describe the care patients receive from both doctors and other professionals, including alternative practitioners. This information will be used to develop a new way to improve the care that GPs provide to people experiencing depression. DIAMOND will give us important information about the impact of new Government policies on care in general practice. This will help to inform health workers, consumers and policy makers about what factors are key for treatment and recovery from depression.Read moreRead less
Social And Decision Maker Preferences For Priority Setting In Health Care Resource Allocation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$273,051.00
Summary
All countries face the question of how best to allocate scarce health care resources. This leads to questions such as do we value health gains to different people (e.g. young versus old) differently, or different types of health gain (improved quality of life or life extension) differently? Survey methods will be used to investigate how members of society and “decision makers” prioritise different types of health gain. Results will help Australia to make informed resource allocation decisions.
The Western Australian Record Linkage Project: Population-Based Studies Of Health System Utilisation And Outcomes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$975,923.00
Summary
Through the unique combination of the WA Record Linkage Project and research expertise applied consistently over a 5 year period, the project will provide information on the health system's performance, which is difficult to obtain in any other way. Five priority themes will be developed: (1) INEQUALITIES IN HEALTH CARE, in particular a better understanding of the effects of social disadvantage, lack of private health cover and living in rural and remote areas on health care access and outcomes. ....Through the unique combination of the WA Record Linkage Project and research expertise applied consistently over a 5 year period, the project will provide information on the health system's performance, which is difficult to obtain in any other way. Five priority themes will be developed: (1) INEQUALITIES IN HEALTH CARE, in particular a better understanding of the effects of social disadvantage, lack of private health cover and living in rural and remote areas on health care access and outcomes. (2) PREVENTABLE INPATIENT TIME through research into the causes of preventable inpatient time and the role of the hospital and general practice in reducing these risks. (3) PROMOTING BEST PRACTICE IN SURGICAL and PROCEDURAL CARE through systematic evaluation of the appropriateness and outcomes of surgical procedures. (4) CLINICAL SAFETY AND POST-IMPLEMENTATION SURVEILLANCE to ensure the safety of new technology. Finally, (5) METHODOLOGIC DEVELOPMENTS to provide better methods of record linkage to evaluate the health system. The project is consistent with priorities set in the National Health Information Development Plan in record linkage and health outcomes, as well as the monitoring of interventions recommended by the Taskforce on Quality in Australian Health Care, and the national agenda given to the Australian Council for Safety and Quality in Health Care. The work will examine health system access and outcomes for five of the six focus areas chosen by the Australian health ministers. Moreover, the results will be used to advocate on behalf of vulnerable populations in a country that prides itself on universal access to high quality health services. In view of the relevance of the project to existing priorities, and the unique opportunities afforded by the WA Record Linkage Project, a substantial, beneficial impact on health policy and practice is anticipated, as well as new research methods and findings that will contribute to international knowledge.Read moreRead less
RCT Of Polypill Versus Usual Care Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People With High Cardiovascular Risk
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,855,205.00
Summary
Cardiovascular disease is a major contributor to the lower life expectancy of Aboriginal compared to non Aboriginal people. Guidelines recommend people at high risk of cardiovascular disease shoul be on a combination of blood thinning, blood pressure lowering and cholesterol lowering medications. There is a large gap between actual practice and these guidelines. We will test a combined polypill strategy aiming to simplify treatment and reduce costs to close this gap.