Epilepsy is often poorly controlled by medication and dietary measures can be taken that reduce occurrence of epileptic seizures. Glucose control is impacted by diet and also mutations in the genes that move glucose around the body are known to cause epilepsy. Here we will be studying how the genetic and dietary control of glucose levels impacts brain function to increase seizures and to potentially reveal novel therapies.
Sugars and non-caloric sweeteners are detected in the gut via a common sensor, which may control sugar uptake into the blood. We showed this sensor was defective in type 2 diabetic patients, which could worsen their disease. We will test if high intake of non-caloric sweeteners worsens gut control of blood glucose in healthy volunteers, and if a blocker of this sensor improves control in patients. Deep testing of this sensor will then be used to identify new drugs for managing type 2 diabetes.
Dissecting The Role Of Insulin-regulated Phosphorylation Of Rab Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors In GLUT4 Trafficking
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$628,459.00
Summary
Diabetes and obesity are epidemic in the developed world. Impaired insulin action is a major cause. A key contributor is reduced glucose uptake into muscle and fat driving the pancreas to overproduce insulin. We have recently discovered three new molecules that we believe hold the secret to how insulin regulates the removal of the glucose from the blood stream after a meal. This proposal focuses on these three molecules and their regulation.
Intercellular RNA Transport In Mammals: Function And Significance
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$384,213.00
Summary
It was recently discovered that the nucleic acid RNA can turn genes off very potently. This raises the exciting possibility of using RNA as a new treatment for a wide range of diseases including cancer and infection. However, it is not known how RNA enters cells in our body. This project aims to understand how RNA is transported across cell membranes, will explore the significance of this process, and should ultimately assist efforts to develop more effective RNA-based therapeutics.
The Role Of 'Orphan' Transporters In Bone Homeostasis And Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$675,668.00
Summary
Osteoclasts (OCs) are giant multinucleated cells exclusively responsible for physiological bone degradation (resorption). Excessive OC activity leads to localised bone destruction (osteolysis) as observed in patients with osteoarthritis and underlies decreased bone mass and fragility fractures that are a hallmark of osteoporosis. This project examines the role of an orphan solute carrier transporter in OC function and its potential involvement in bone disease.