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Epigenetics Of Human Placental Development And Pregnancy-associated Disease.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$85,526.00
Summary
Mounting evidence suggests that epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation during pregnancy may play an important role in adverse pregnancy outcomes and modulation of disease risk later in life. We have identified a range of distinct DNA methylation events in human placental cells that are likely to play a role in both normal human placentation and aspects of placental dysfunction. We believe that disruption of this epigenetic profile contributes to adverse pregnancy outcomes
Gestational diabetes is an important medical condition. We plan to investigate two subgroups of women with gestational diabetes. Firstly, women who have diabetes antibodies in pregnancy. Secondly, women who have a mild form of diabetes caused by a single gene mutation, who may be first identified during pregnancy. Correct identification of these subgroups of women is important for immediate and long-term management of both the mother and her fetus.
Stress-induced Disease Risk For Pregnant Mothers Born Small
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$613,124.00
Summary
This proposal addresses the likelihood that mothers born small and exposed to stress during pregnancy will develop adverse physiological adaptations to pregnancy, slowing placental and fetal growth, programming intergenerational disease and compromising maternal health later in life. The outcomes from our human and rat studies will enable development of diagnostic tests to identify pregnancies at greater risk and lead to therapies to reduce adverse intergenerational and long-term health effects.
Pregnancy And Neonatal Diabetes Outcomes In Remote Australia (PANDORA) Cohort
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,395,410.00
Summary
The PANDORA study is a longitudinal birth cohort study recruited from a clinical register of Northern Territory women with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP). We will also recruit a comparator group of mothers without DIP and babies. Follow-up of mothers and infants to 3 years post-delivery will be from medical records, questionnaires and clinical assessment. Rates of progression to type 2 diabetes will be assessed among mothers, and growth, feeding patterns and diabetes risk markers among infants.
Preventing Diabetes In Pregnancy From Progressing To Type 2 Diabetes: Macrolevel System Change In South Australia And Vic
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,338,281.00
Summary
The greatest predictor of the likelihood of developing diabetes is having diabetes during pregnancy. This project will invite women who have developed diabetes during pregnancy to be registered for recall every two years. They would go to their general practitioner to be tested for diabetes and to be advised on risk factors for diabetes. A lifestyle modification program will be developed for these women to reduce the risk of progressing to diabetes.
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy with significant consequences. Early identification and lifestyle intervention can prevent GDM, but the best early screening test is unknown. Our primary aim is to validate our first trimester screening test for GDM in a large multi-ethnic cohort to accurately predict high-risk women and intervene early, preventing GDM onset and improving pregnancy outcomes, including long-term risk of obesity in the offspring.
Personalised Nutrition To Revolutionise Gestational Diabetes Prevention
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$854,008.00
Summary
Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects 1 in 7 pregnant women, significantly increasing future risk for cardiovascular diseases in women and offspring. Clinical management of GDM is a healthy diet; but this one-size fits all approach is ineffective. We need to prevent GDM. We will use dietary modelling to inform culturally acceptable, personalised nutrition plans that will reverse metabolic risk factors to prevent GDM. Personalised nutrition represents a paradigm shift for current clinical care.
GooD4Mum: A Randomised Controlled Implementation Trial To Reduce Conversion From Gestational Diabetes To Type 2 Diabetes Using Follow-up In General Practice.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$963,843.00
Summary
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is increasingly common with short and long term health risks for mothers and babies. We have generated considerable evidence on identification, screening and interventions to improve lifestyle and prevent type 2 diabetes in these high risk women after GDM. Here we aim to address how best to implement scalable, low cost, effective identification, screening and lifestyle intervention strategies in routine primary care, to improve womens health.
Breastfeeding In Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Gestational Diabetes, And Pre-existing Diabetes: Hormonal Physiology, Breastmilk Composition, Epidemiology And Patient Factors
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$132,743.00
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes (pre-existing or gestational) are important conditions in pregnant women. I intend to explore (through major literature reviews and original research) how they influence the production and composition of breastmilk, how this differs from women without the conditions, and impacts on infant health. I also aim to examine reasons for lactation difficulties in these women, both from a hormonal (basic science) perspective and at a broader (population) level.
Analysis Of Effect Of Different Treatment Targets On Maternal And Child Health Outcomes In Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Review Of Specific Treatments And Development Of Clinical And Biochemical Predictors.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$122,686.00
Summary
This research aims to analyse newly proposed treatment targets for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and the effect this will have on maternal and child health outcomes, via comparison of data from two large Australian health services using the traditional and newly proposed critiera. The research will also investigate current effective interventions for GDM, including the impact of early antenatal lifestyle interventions, and formulation of a clinical and biochemical risk prediction model.