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The Downstream Targets Of Patched/Hedgehog Signalling.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$423,055.00
Summary
The patched-hedgehog gene pathway is disturbed in common human cancer, including basal cell carcinoma of the skin, medulloblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and ovarian fibroma. This application proposes to look at the genes turned off and on by the patched gene. By identifying these genes and examining their function we will identify the exact genetic disturbance which results in a large proportion of common human cancer. Once we find these genes this opens up the possibilities of designing drugs which ....The patched-hedgehog gene pathway is disturbed in common human cancer, including basal cell carcinoma of the skin, medulloblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and ovarian fibroma. This application proposes to look at the genes turned off and on by the patched gene. By identifying these genes and examining their function we will identify the exact genetic disturbance which results in a large proportion of common human cancer. Once we find these genes this opens up the possibilities of designing drugs which specifically block the action of the geneticdefect and thereby treating the tumours.Read moreRead less
My work on human pigmentation genetics has provided a framework to understand normal variation in this physical trait and the associated genotypic risk factors for skin cancer development. The genes that determine an individual's skin phototype and the ce
Effects Of Nevogenesis Susceptibility Genes And Phenotypic Correlation With Dermoscopic Characteristics Of Nevi
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$554,099.00
Summary
Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that arises from the cells that produce pigment and is a major public health issue in Australia. We will examine the relationship between the form, structure and colour of existing types of moles and their subsequent risk of developing into melanoma. This will be the first study to combine dermoscopy, a non-invasive examination technique, with DNA tests of the genes that determine skin, hair and eye colour, aiding in the early prediction and diagnosis of skin ca ....Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that arises from the cells that produce pigment and is a major public health issue in Australia. We will examine the relationship between the form, structure and colour of existing types of moles and their subsequent risk of developing into melanoma. This will be the first study to combine dermoscopy, a non-invasive examination technique, with DNA tests of the genes that determine skin, hair and eye colour, aiding in the early prediction and diagnosis of skin cancer.Read moreRead less
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is extremely common in Australia, resulting in disfiguring surgeries and deaths. Although cumulative sun exposure is important, some people are very susceptible, and we do not know why. This project hinges on the notion that skin cancer is a complex (many genes involved). We will utilize novel systems to harness this complexity to understand why some people are resistant and others very susceptible so as to design appropriate control measures and treatments.
Conditional Knockout Of The Murine Patched Gene For The Study Of Skin Differentiation And Cancer.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$423,564.00
Summary
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in Australia. We recently isolated the BCC gene, Patched (PTCH) from analysis of patients with Naevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS). Individuals with NBCCS have a wide variety of developmental defects in addition to a cancer predisposition which includes medulloblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and ovarian fibroma as well as multiple BCCs. This application proposes the generation of an animal model for skin development and cancer by selectiv ....Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in Australia. We recently isolated the BCC gene, Patched (PTCH) from analysis of patients with Naevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS). Individuals with NBCCS have a wide variety of developmental defects in addition to a cancer predisposition which includes medulloblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and ovarian fibroma as well as multiple BCCs. This application proposes the generation of an animal model for skin development and cancer by selectively removing patched gene function from specific cell of the skin. In doing this we will be able to determine the exact role of this gene in skin development, and how mutation causes common skin cancer.Read moreRead less
The Nature And Significance Of Clonal Evolution In Human Melanoma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$665,420.00
Summary
Cancers can progress in patients by developing genetic changes that favor the growth, survival and spread of cancer cells. However, the rate at which genetic changes occur in human cancer is not known. This project will determine the degree and biological significance of genetic change in human melanoma by using a novel method of growing tumors from single cells and comparing genetic differences between them.
Muir Torre Syndrome: The Role Of IHC And Genotyping In Sebaceous Neoplasia To Facilitate Prevention Strategies In Colorectal And Endometrial Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$396,786.00
Summary
Sebaceous neoplasia (SN), may be an early warning sign for Lynch syndrome (LS), an inherited cancer predisposition caused by mutations in a group of genes. There are high lifetime risks of bowel and uterine cancer, for which there are effective risk management plans if the risk is known. Clinicians are challenged by the role of SN in identifying LS. At present, it is hard to differentiate. We aim to determine features to improve the diagnosis of LS carriers.
Comprehensive Assessment Of Genetic And Environmental Risk Factors For Melanoma: A Population-based Family Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$150,679.00
Summary
Excessive sunlight can cause melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer. However, there are other factors including a person's genetic make-up that are thought to put some people at higher risk. Many 'healthy' people have small changes in their genes that might make them more likely to develop melanoma. We need to know more about these genetic factors. Our study will investigate how particular small genetic changes influence a person's likelihood of developing melanoma.
Infectious And Lifestyle Determinants Of Non-melanoma Skin Cancer.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$983,711.00
Summary
Basal and squamous cell skin cancers are the leading cancers in Australia, with about 2% of the population developing them each year. As well as sun exposure, a number of other factors have been thought to effect these cancers. This study will examine if factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption and infection with certain skin related human papillomaviruses also increase their risk. Even a small effect may make a big difference when it comes to preventing these common cancers.