Assessment Of Physical Therapies To Improve Secretion Clearance In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$302,310.00
Summary
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) produce thick mucus that is not cleared normally from the lungs. This retained mucus often becomes infected, which progressively damages the lungs. Various physical therapies which may help clear secretions are being used in CF. These include several types of devices which provide positive pressure to the airways. However, it is not known to what extent these devices, or other interventions such as manual chest physiotherapy and exercise, enhance mucus clearance. ....People with cystic fibrosis (CF) produce thick mucus that is not cleared normally from the lungs. This retained mucus often becomes infected, which progressively damages the lungs. Various physical therapies which may help clear secretions are being used in CF. These include several types of devices which provide positive pressure to the airways. However, it is not known to what extent these devices, or other interventions such as manual chest physiotherapy and exercise, enhance mucus clearance. As a result, it is not currently possible to scientifically prescribe intervention(s) to enhance mucus clearance in CF. This is partly because much of the research that has been performed in this area has been poorly-designed or has used inaccurate measures. Also, recent research has shown that these therapies may have significant effects beside their effect on mucus clearance. For instance, bacterial infection and the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood supply and air in the lung may all be affected by these interventions. Notably, the extent of benefit or detriment seen in these parameters does not always correlate with the effect on mucus clearance. We therefore believe a series of experiments is necessary to provide evidence upon which the scientific selection of mucus clearance therapies may be based. We have developed a new technique which allows clearance of mucus from the airways to be objectively measured in three-dimensions (3D). We intend to use the 3D technique to examine the effects of three different positive pressure devices, exercise, and manual chest physiotherapy on mucus clearance. Based on the outcomes of this research, we intend to compare the most appropriate therapy to performing no mucus clearance therapy in a short term trial. This trial will assess changes in the following: bacterial infection, mucus plugging in the airways, how well the lungs move air and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, and the patient's quality of life.Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE150100058
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$560,000.00
Summary
Three dimensionally compressed and monitored Hopkinson bar . 3D compressed and monitored Hopkinson bar: The 3D compressed and monitored Hopkinson bar allows determination of the dynamic mechanical properties and fracturing behaviour of materials under such confinement. Understanding material behaviour under dynamic loading is essential in dealing with many engineering problems as excavation, fragmentation, earthquake, blasting, and structure design. In geotechnical and structure projects, materi ....Three dimensionally compressed and monitored Hopkinson bar . 3D compressed and monitored Hopkinson bar: The 3D compressed and monitored Hopkinson bar allows determination of the dynamic mechanical properties and fracturing behaviour of materials under such confinement. Understanding material behaviour under dynamic loading is essential in dealing with many engineering problems as excavation, fragmentation, earthquake, blasting, and structure design. In geotechnical and structure projects, materials are often subjected to existing confining stresses. The full-field optical techniques, with an ultra-high speed and resolution camera in the system, aims to assist the quantitative measurement of deformation fields including small strain induced in brittle material's failure and identification of constitutive parameters.Read moreRead less
Our current understanding of cellular signalling and disease is based on ensemble measurements over a cellular or molecular population. While these measurements have provided valuable information on the molecular circuitry required for cellular function, there is a lack of detail on the spatio-temporal dynamics of signal initiation and propagation at the single molecule and single cellular level. Single particle (molecule or cell) approaches offer the advantage of being able to detect individual ....Our current understanding of cellular signalling and disease is based on ensemble measurements over a cellular or molecular population. While these measurements have provided valuable information on the molecular circuitry required for cellular function, there is a lack of detail on the spatio-temporal dynamics of signal initiation and propagation at the single molecule and single cellular level. Single particle (molecule or cell) approaches offer the advantage of being able to detect individual processes including rare events that would be lost in an ensemble measurement. Moreover single particle approaches provide dynamic-kinetic information that does not rely on synchronising a population of molecules or cells. In this proposal we aim to build on our combined expertise in EGF-EGFR signalling, biophysics, biosensors, quantum dot nanotechnology and single molecule spectroscopy to learn more about how EGFR cellular signalling works and how it is impaired in cancer. This project will provide basic information that could lead to the design of more effective drugs directed agaisnt this therapeutic target.Read moreRead less
Salty gas: the ecological risk of saline effluents from coal seam gas and other hydrocarbon resources. The objective of this project is to predict the effect of saline water produced from coal and coal seam gas extraction activities on freshwater systems. The findings will assist decisions on whether to permit discharge of such waste water, and if permitted under what conditions (e.g. water quality criteria) so as to prevent environment damage.
Minimization of emissions from dimethyl ether (DME) combustion in a diesel engine. The project works on the utilization of dimethyl ether, an innovative clean fuel produced from coal or natural gas, as a diesel substitute. The utilization of DME in diesel engines can potentially reduce the emissions by 90%, making it possible to meet the strictest engine standard. In the meantime the engine efficiency can be improved. The outcomes of the project will help accelarate the maturity of the DME mark ....Minimization of emissions from dimethyl ether (DME) combustion in a diesel engine. The project works on the utilization of dimethyl ether, an innovative clean fuel produced from coal or natural gas, as a diesel substitute. The utilization of DME in diesel engines can potentially reduce the emissions by 90%, making it possible to meet the strictest engine standard. In the meantime the engine efficiency can be improved. The outcomes of the project will help accelarate the maturity of the DME market in Australia. Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE150100213
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$180,000.00
Summary
x-ray transparent core flood apparatus . X-ray transparent core flood apparatus: This facility is a novel X-ray transparent flow vessel and ancillaries for achieving direct, near-real-time, 3D measurement and visualisation of material flow inside rock samples. It will enable direct evaluation of how liquid, liquid-solid, gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid flows behave in cores replicating conditions in underground reservoirs. The coal seam gas, shale gas and oil, and geothermal energy recovery rely ....x-ray transparent core flood apparatus . X-ray transparent core flood apparatus: This facility is a novel X-ray transparent flow vessel and ancillaries for achieving direct, near-real-time, 3D measurement and visualisation of material flow inside rock samples. It will enable direct evaluation of how liquid, liquid-solid, gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid flows behave in cores replicating conditions in underground reservoirs. The coal seam gas, shale gas and oil, and geothermal energy recovery rely on precise understanding and simulation of subsurface flow. This apparatus will provide a new method to measure and visualise otherwise inaccessible flow behaviour, at a high level of detail, providing characterisation and model validation data underpinning reservoir simulations.Read moreRead less