Evaluation Of Long-Term Clinical And Health Service Outcomes Following Coronary Artery Revascularisation In Western Australia: Future Implications
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$638,412.00
Summary
Heart attacks occur when arteries of the heart become blocked, and current treatment involves unblocking the affected vessel by inserting a stent fed through a leg artery or using bypass surgery. There are different types of stents and whether they offer better outcomes than surgery in the long-term is currently undecided. We will evaluate whether patients who receive stents have better outcomes after 5 years than patients who have surgery, and what the various costs are to the health system.
The Burden Of Cancer - Prevention, Treatments, Costs, And Related Diseases
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$311,860.00
Summary
This research aims to increase knowledge on the development, optimal treatment, and costs of cancer and the associated risk factors, by applying advanced disease burden measures to comprehensive data gathered from several established and novel databases. This knowledge is important in advancing our understanding of those most vulnerable to cancer and in developing appropriate preventive strategies and health care for those at highest risk.
Using An Established Simulation Model To Determine Effective And Cost-effective Interventions To Mitigate Influenza Pandemics And Inform Public Health Policy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$416,353.00
Summary
A novel disease spread and economic model is used to determine the cost-effectiveness of a range of mitigation strategies aimed at a future influenza pandemic. A simulation model generates data on which individuals become ill, morbidity and mortality characteristics, an economic costing model determines optimal interventions.
Mortality Among Injecting Drugs Users - A Follow-up Study Of Injecting Drug User Cohorts.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$47,500.00
Summary
This study will follow-up injecting drug users that participated in research in the 1990s and 2000s to examine mortality rates in these groups over time. Identifying information from these studies will be cross-referenced with National Death Index data to determine participants that died and the dates of their death. This study will be the first in Australia to determine mortality rates over time in a defined cohort of injecting drug users outside drug treatment settings. Studying a defined grou ....This study will follow-up injecting drug users that participated in research in the 1990s and 2000s to examine mortality rates in these groups over time. Identifying information from these studies will be cross-referenced with National Death Index data to determine participants that died and the dates of their death. This study will be the first in Australia to determine mortality rates over time in a defined cohort of injecting drug users outside drug treatment settings. Studying a defined group overcomes some of the problems associated with mortality rate estimates based simply on the number of injecting drug-related deaths. Although the number of deaths can be found, the number of people at risk of injecting drug-related death is unclear because of the hidden nature of drug use and the dynamic characteristics of drug use and drug markets. The examination of mortality trends among injecting drug users over time can provide insights regarding changes in drug use patterns and markets. For example, this study will examine changes in injecting drug use mortality across periods of high heroin availability in the late '90s and periods of interrupted heroin supply - the heroin 'drought' - from 2000 onwards. In addition, factors related to injecting drug-related mortality can be explored by comparing the characteristics of injecting drug users that died and those that survived, such as drug use and drug treatment histories, co-morbidities such as mental illness and socio-demographic backgrounds. This information can inform overdose prevention and harm reduction strategies by identifying individuals most at risk of injecting drug-related mortality. This study will also draw attention to the significant public health burden of injecting drug use. In addition, by comparing the results from this study with other similar studies from overseas, we can more reliably compare mortality among groups of Australian injecting drug users with their peers in other countries.Read moreRead less
Investigating The Relationships Between Cannabis And Other Drug Use, Mental Health, Early-life Factors And Life-course Outcomes: Integrative Analyses Of Data From Four Australasian Cohort Studies
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$292,097.00
Summary
The current study will be the first of its kind to use integrative data analyses _ a highly innovative approach _ to pool data from four large and long-running Australasian cohort studies to better understand the link between cannabis use and later-life outcomes. Dramatically improved knowledge of these relationships will create a clearer picture of the interventions required to reduce the harms associated with cannabis use.
Long-term Outcome After Stroke: Survival, Stroke Recurrence, Functional Ability And Costs.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$649,971.00
Summary
Stroke is the third most common cause of death in Australia, and is more common in the older age groups. Because the population most at risk of developing stroke is growing faster than the rest of the population, it is likely that there will be a large increase in the number of strokes occurring in coming years. At 1 year after stroke about one-third of patients have died, a third remain severely disabled and a third recover with minimal disability. In Australia, there is no information on outco ....Stroke is the third most common cause of death in Australia, and is more common in the older age groups. Because the population most at risk of developing stroke is growing faster than the rest of the population, it is likely that there will be a large increase in the number of strokes occurring in coming years. At 1 year after stroke about one-third of patients have died, a third remain severely disabled and a third recover with minimal disability. In Australia, there is no information on outcome beyond 5 years. It is thought that at 10 years after stroke about 70% of patients will have died, and a further 5-10% will have had another nonfatal stroke. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term outcome of patients with stroke. These will include measures of survival, stroke recurrence, and ability to perform usual daily activities. The use of health care and community resources and the associated costs of this will also be assessed. Information on survival patterns, stroke recurrence, disability and costs will be of great value for health service planning. Such information will also be useful to patients, their families, and medical staff who treat these patients.Read moreRead less
Injecting Drug Use, Incarceration, Infection: Investigating Opportunities For Public Health Interventions In Disadvantaged Populations
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$329,564.00
Summary
New knowledge required to address infectious diseases and mental illness among two disadvantaged and overlapping groups -people who inject drugs (PWID) and prisoners – will be produced: Cross sectional and longitudinal studies will examine HIV risk in specific populations; A system to track the emergence of injecting will be developed; The global scale of mental illness and TB among PWID will be determined; and how to improve coverage and delivery of TB prevention and treatment will be explored.
Prevention Of Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis In A High Prevalence Setting: ‘Connecting The DOTS’ In Vietnam
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$3,382,020.00
Summary
The close contacts of people with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) have a high risk of developing the disease. The V-QUIN MDR-TB Trial will evaluate the effectiveness of an oral antibiotic (levofloxacin) in preventing drug resistant TB among infected household contacts of TB patients. Household contacts from 10 Provinces in Vietnam will be randomly allocated to receive six-months of either levofloxacin or a placebo, and then followed for two years to see if they develop tuberculosis.