A TMS Study Of Cortical Plasticity In Schizophrenia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$195,500.00
Summary
The cause of schizophrenia is uncertain. Several lines of evidence implicate abnormalities of functioning in circuits of nerve cells in the outer brain regions. Chemicals involved in these circuits are important for the capacity to learn and process new information and repeated exposure to stimuli. To date, it has been difficult to directly test the function of these circuits in patients with schizophrenia. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive means of stimulating nerve cell ....The cause of schizophrenia is uncertain. Several lines of evidence implicate abnormalities of functioning in circuits of nerve cells in the outer brain regions. Chemicals involved in these circuits are important for the capacity to learn and process new information and repeated exposure to stimuli. To date, it has been difficult to directly test the function of these circuits in patients with schizophrenia. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive means of stimulating nerve cells in superficial areas of the brain. During a TMS procedure, an electrical current passes through a coil placed close to the scalp. This current induces a magnetic field that stimulates electrical activity in nerves below the coil. TMS methods can be used to study the functioning of nerve cells in the brain and the way in which they respond to repeated stimuli. These methods will be used in this way to study the functioning of these circuits in patients with schizophrenia. This is likely to provide important information as to the function of these brain areas and may provide information that will guide the development of therapeutic interventions.Read moreRead less
Combined TMS-EEG For Early Diagnosis Of Alzheimer’s Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$603,767.00
Summary
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is key to more effective early intervention. Current biomarkers are expensive and are not suited for detecting the subtle changes in brain function that occur during the initial stages of the disease. Non-invasive brain stimulation is pain-free and inexpensive, and can directly probe brain function in conscious humans. This project will investigate whether these techniques might be used to identify markers of early brain dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease.
I am a neuroscientist, who studies the neural mechanisms responsible for the control of human voluntary movements. My research is aimed at characterising the physiological mechanisms which are responsible for plasticity of the human motor cortical regions
Electrophysiological And Neuroimaging Evaluation Of C9ORF72 Related Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$224,786.00
Summary
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as Motor Neuron Disease) is a rapid and fatal neurological condition. To date there is no consensus on where the disease process may start. We will study healthy carriers who carry the most common ALS gene mutation and follow them over a four year period and track the associated changes. We will be using specialized neurophysiological tests to evaluate these patients and we hope to localize where the initiating problem with ALS patients may start.
Bilateral Movement Therapy In Post-stroke Hemiparesis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$265,993.00
Summary
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in adults in Australia, accounting for approximately 25% of all disability. A common motor disability resulting from stroke is hemiparesis, weakness or paralysis on one side of the body. This disability severely impairs an individual's capacity to perform activities of daily living, making them dependent on relatives and health professionals for daily care. By developing effective interventions to treat stroke-induced hemiparesis both the disab ....Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in adults in Australia, accounting for approximately 25% of all disability. A common motor disability resulting from stroke is hemiparesis, weakness or paralysis on one side of the body. This disability severely impairs an individual's capacity to perform activities of daily living, making them dependent on relatives and health professionals for daily care. By developing effective interventions to treat stroke-induced hemiparesis both the disability caused by stroke and the associated personal and financial costs will be lessened. A number of interventions focusing on the affected side (unilateral), including active movements and muscle stimulation are being investigated as possible treatments for stroke-induced hemiparesis. Recent evidence suggests that involving the unaffected side simultaneously (bilateral therapies) could be effective, and may provide addtional benefits over unilateral therapies. The aim of this research is to thoroughly examine the effectiveness of bilateral therapies by incorporating them into established interventions. The findings from these studies will aid in the development and refinement of movement therapies aimed at promoting recovery from stroke-induced hemiparesis.Read moreRead less
Harnessing Human Motor Cortical Plasticity For Performance And Rehabilitation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$341,304.00
Summary
Motor learning allows us to interact with our environment and loss of this ability is catastrophic. The reorganisational capacity of the brain can be used to enhance recovery from brain injury. However, our ability to do so is limited by lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms. These studies will use novel approaches to investigate how the human brain reorganises during motor skill learning. The outcomes will be important for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Neural Mechanisms Associated With Recovery Of Function Following Motor Cortical Lesions
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$196,415.00
Summary
Damage to movement control areas in the brain early in life (e.g. cerebral palsy) or in adulthood (e.g. stroke, tumours) results in motor weakness and loss of skill; over a period of many months there is gradual recovery of function. The neural mechanisms that are associated with functional reorganization of the brain and motor recovery are not well understood. This project plans to use animal experiments to identify the location of regions in the brain that undergo neural reorganization and com ....Damage to movement control areas in the brain early in life (e.g. cerebral palsy) or in adulthood (e.g. stroke, tumours) results in motor weakness and loss of skill; over a period of many months there is gradual recovery of function. The neural mechanisms that are associated with functional reorganization of the brain and motor recovery are not well understood. This project plans to use animal experiments to identify the location of regions in the brain that undergo neural reorganization and compensate for lost function. Following brain lesions detailed mapping of the motor areas of the brain and a careful study of movement disabilities will be performed. The study will attempt to identify changes in motor maps that indicate neural reorganization and relate these changes to motor recovery. The results of this study will be used in future projects to test training programs, drugs and neural prosthesis on neural reorganization and recovery of function. Eventually the information may be used to direct pharmacological and physiotherapeutic interventions, and motor rehabilitation programs for optimal recovery of function.Read moreRead less