T-follicular Helper Cell Subtypes That Induce Protective Anti-malaria Antibodies
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$431,000.00
Summary
Malaria causes significant disease burden globally. Currently there are no malarial vaccines that are suitable for widespread use. The development of effective vaccines is hampered by limited understanding of how the human immune system fights malaria. This project will use human samples collected to investigate how human blood cells activate the immune system to fight malaria. This research will identify avenues to improve the design of malaria vaccines in the future.
Understanding The Mechanism And Significance Of CXCL16-mediated Protection Of Tumour Cells From CTL-induced Apoptosis.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$524,520.00
Summary
This research will begin to determine the significance of changes in the amount of a recently-discovered protein on the surface of tumour cells. We have shown that an increase in expression of this protein protects tumour cells from destruction by our immune system's killer T cells. The outcome of this research could lead to a better understanding of how the immune system recognises and kills tumour cells, and ultimately, alternate vaccine strategies for tumours.
Studies On The Role Of The P101 Component Of The Class 1B PI 3-Kinase In Cell Migration And Activation.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$457,267.00
Summary
This research will determine the biological role of a protein of unknown function that is likely to participate in movement of white blood cells through the body. The outcome of this research will increase our basic knowledge of how the immune system functions and could lead to alternate therapeutic strategies for the control of autoimmune diseases.
A specialised set of T lymphocytes called Mucosal Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells react against bacteria and yeast, and reside at mucosal sites where the body's immune defences are most easily breached, e.g. respiratory tract and intestinal mucosa. This study investigates the role of MAIT cells in both protection and pathology in bacterial infections. Controlling MAIT cells could help in treating these conditions.
Defining The Coordination Of Immune Responses To Pathogens
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$640,210.00
Summary
Understanding how immune responses are coordinated is critical for the design of new therapies and vaccines to target infectious diseases and cancers. This project will utilise advanced imaging combined with novel tools to dissect the complex interactions that occur between immune cells as they are activated and patrol the body to eliminate infectious pathogens.
Using Single-cell Genomics To Resolve Functional Diversification By CD4+ T Cells In Vivo
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,048,096.00
Summary
During immune responses, individual CD4+ T cells multiply and produce hundreds of descendants, with close relatives within a family often developing very different skills. How such differences emerge from one ancestor remains unclear. We use new methods to look at individual CD4+ T cells in unprecedented detail, allowing us to see how close relatives begin to grow apart. Using this, we hope to find novel ways of educating CD4+ T cells to prevent infectious and immune-mediated diseases.
Dendritic Cell-mediated Induction Of T Cell Tolerance
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$654,725.00
Summary
Australia has some of the highest rates of immune-mediated diseases in the world. These diseases include autoimmune, allergic and inflammatory conditions. We will use a mouse model to study how dendritic cells can prevent the onset of these conditions by inactivating the immune cells that cause them. Our findings will aid in understanding why these diseases develop and how they may be prevented and treated.
The initial step of T cell activation of how the external ligand binding is translated to an increase of receptor phosphorylation at the cytoplasmic side is remain poorly understood. It is believed that the loss of immune recognition in cancer and over reactivity in auto-immune diseases are caused by abnormality of this transmembrane signalling transduction. Clarification of this molecular machinery can provide a molecular basis of those diseases and guidelines of more effective therapies.
The Role Of CD1-restricted T Cells In Health And Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$431,000.00
Summary
The human immune system requires T cells for survival. Specialised populations of T cells exist that patrol the body and target unwanted lipid molecules expressed by bacteria or by cells that have become abnormal or cancerous. I will identify these T cells in human blood and skin and determine their role in protection against disease. I will explore the types of lipids molecules recognised by these T cells and use this information to help prevent human diseases.