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Improving Malaria Elimination Strategies With Genomics: Tackling The Unique Problems Posed By Plasmodium Vivax, And P. Falciparum Drug Resistance
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$327,193.00
Summary
Malaria parasites are becoming resistant to drugs, and some types can avoid treatment by hiding in the liver and recurring months later. Variation in human genes can also mean that some drugs are dangerous to certain people, or won’t work. DNA sequencing will allow us to understand the interplay between parasite and host genetics and the efficacy of drugs in the population, allowing us to provide ‘personalised’ treatments in that region.
Risk Factors, Mechanisms, And Treatment Of Knowlesi Malaria
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$265,138.00
Summary
The monkey parasite P. knowlesi is an increasing cause of human malaria in SE Asia. My studies on the clinical epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of non-severe and severe malaria in Malaysia have changed policy. I will further define the clinical epidemiology of malaria patients in this area over time, assess risk factors for knowlesi malaria, and evaluate the role of human and parasite factors in disease severity, and treatment for reducing acute kidney injury in knowlesi malaria.
The Impact Of Reduced Plasmodium Falciparum And Plasmodium Vivax Transmission On The Epidemiology Of Malaria And The Acquisition Of Antigen-specific Recall Responses In Children From Papua New Guinea.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$365,166.00
Summary
Malaria represents a significant global health burden in endemic countries. Individuals gradually develop a level of immunity to the clinical symptoms of malaria as a result of continued exposure throughout their lifetime. Efforts to implement effective malaria control strategies are increasing, thereby reducing exposure. This project will investigate how such strategies will impact on the development of immunity to malaria and the amount of clinical disease observed in different age groups.
A Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetic And Efficacy Study Of Azithromycin Plus Piperaquine As Intermittent Presumptive Treatment In Pregnant Papua New Guinean Women
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$345,684.00
Summary
The purpose of this research is to investigate a new antimalarial combination therapy, azithromycin (AZI) plus piperaquine (PQ), for the prevention of malaria infection in pregnant Papua New Guinean women. It is anticipated that these studies will provide sufficient data to determine if AZI-PQ is a suitable alternative treatment option in PNG, and other countries which have similar malaria epidemiology including the presence of drug resistant parasites.
Exported Epoxide Hydrolases Of The Malaria Parasite, Plasmodium Falciparum, And Their Role In Modulation Of Host Vasoregulation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$342,054.00
Summary
The major aim of this study is to define the physiological role of the parasite EHs, and to establish whether they modulate levels of EETs within infected erythrocytes. I will examine if infected erythrocytes have impaired vasoactive properties and also determine if this pathway has therapeutic potential
Plasmodium Knowlesi As A Genetic Model For Plasmodium Vivax Drug Resistance
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$417,193.00
Summary
Two different Plasmodium parasites cause the majority of malaria worldwide. However, one type, P. vivax, is unable to be cultured in the laboratory and therefore has been poorly studied. Drug resistance has been observed but the underlying causes are poorly understood. We propose to use a closely related parasite, P. knowlesi, as a model to understand drug resistance mechanisms. This knowledge will be used to follow resistance in the field and direct policy of the most appropriate treatment.
Neuro-protection In The Preterm Brain - A New Role For Dopamine Therapy?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$183,975.00
Summary
Brain injury in premature babies leads to long term adverse outcome. Preliminary data show that dopamine improves brain oxygen. Our study will define effects of dopamine in preventing injury in the immature brain, using animal studies. In immature lambs receiving dopamine, we will test the protective effect of dopamine on brain oxygenation during hypoxia. Outcome will be measured by examining cell injury on lamb brain slices.
Fundamental Advancement Of Knowledge Of Plasmodium Vivax Biology, Drug Susceptibility And Transmission
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$316,067.00
Summary
Plasmodium vivax is the most widespread malaria parasite causing over 80 million cases per year. Yet, current means to counter this parasite are grossly inadequate. Vast knowledge gaps exist due to unavailability of continuous cultures, high throughput drug assays and the poor understanding of transmission. This inhibits the development of new treatments for P. vivax. This project will fundamentally advance knowledge of the biology and epidemiology of this important, but neglected pathogen.