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Risk Of Recurrence After Diagnosis Of Invasive Breast Cancer By Molecular Subtype As Defined By ER, PR And Her2 Status
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$500,622.00
Summary
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. Molecular subtypes have been identified that differ in terms of prognosis and response to treatment. This study aims to estimate recurrence free survival of breast cancer by molecular subtypes in a population-based sample of Australian women. The results will assist clinicians to guide their therapeutic decisions and will inform women about their anticipated outcome after diagnosis of breast cancer.
Temporal Trends In The Incidence, Site And Survival Of Metastatic Breast Cancer In Australia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$190,494.00
Summary
There have been major advances in breast cancer treatment over the last decade. This project will use information collected from the NSW cancer registry and hospitals to report on changes in the type and risk of breast cancer spread and survival for women with a new diagnosis of breast cancer before and after new treatments introduced since 2005. This information is essential for doctors to provide women with up-to-date information; and for planning appropriate health services and research.
Incidence And Prognosis Of Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Population-based Data Linkage Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$97,700.00
Summary
This project will provide the first Australian population-based estimates of metastaticbreast cancer (MBC) incidence and survival in women with an initial diagnosis of early stage cancer that reflect current treatment practices. This evidence will help: women with MBC and their clinicians to make decisions about treatment and plan supportive care; researchers planning trials of MBC therapies, and future planning of cancer services.
Molecular approaches to solving current and emerging problems in the epidemiology and diagnosis of Marek's disease in Australia. Marek's disease (MD) is a ubiquitous viral disease of chickens that is currently controlled in meat chickens by blanket vaccination of all chickens. However, as has happened overseas, the efficacy of the HVT vaccine being used in Australia is breaking down resulting in subclinical and clinical losses due to MD. To assist industry deal with this situation we propose to ....Molecular approaches to solving current and emerging problems in the epidemiology and diagnosis of Marek's disease in Australia. Marek's disease (MD) is a ubiquitous viral disease of chickens that is currently controlled in meat chickens by blanket vaccination of all chickens. However, as has happened overseas, the efficacy of the HVT vaccine being used in Australia is breaking down resulting in subclinical and clinical losses due to MD. To assist industry deal with this situation we propose to develop novel molecular methods for the quantification of Marek's disease viruses (MDV) in the host and the environment, to use these methods to design effective early monitoring systems for MD in broilers that predict disease and performance outcomes, and to develop an epidemiological model that will predict the spread and severity of MD as failure of vaccinal protection progresses.Read moreRead less
Exploring The Causal Pathways To Cutaneous Melanoma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$159,171.00
Summary
Melanomas are cancers arising from the pigment cells of the skin, and are among the most commonly occurring cancers in this country. Each year, more than 8000 Australians are diagnosed with invasive melanoma, resulting in some 900 deaths annually. Survival from melanoma is high if the disease is detected early (5 yr survival for thin melanomas-94%), however survival rates for thicker tumours are significantly worse, and for metastatic disease, very poor (<10%). Sunlight is the principal facto ....Melanomas are cancers arising from the pigment cells of the skin, and are among the most commonly occurring cancers in this country. Each year, more than 8000 Australians are diagnosed with invasive melanoma, resulting in some 900 deaths annually. Survival from melanoma is high if the disease is detected early (5 yr survival for thin melanomas-94%), however survival rates for thicker tumours are significantly worse, and for metastatic disease, very poor (<10%). Sunlight is the principal factor which causes this disease, although there is increasing evidence that the role of sunlight in causing melanoma is not the same for all people who develop this disease. A new hypothesis proposes that the malignant course of melanomas may reflect their causal origins, with melanomas induced by chronic sunlight exposure perhaps being more aggressive than other melanomas. We will undertake a large study of patients with melanoma to investigate both the causal pathways to melanoma and their influence on markers of tumour aggressiveness. We will capture detailed information about the microscopic appearance of the melanomas from pathologists at the time of diagnosis, and marry this to the information reported by the patients about their past history of sun exposure. When complete, this study will provide new information about the causes of melanoma. Such knowledge is crucial to controlling and preventing this cancer.Read moreRead less
A National Case-Control Study Of The Causes Of Childhood Brain Tumours
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,159,259.00
Summary
Childhood brain tumours are the second most common childhood cancer (~20%) after leukaemia (~35%) and are the leading cause of cancer death among children. Children who survive a brain tumour are often left with physical and mental problems as a result of treatment. This can have a significant impact on the child, family and community. Greater understanding of the causes of childhood brain tumours may lead to preventative measures. Most children with brain tumours are very young, suggesting that ....Childhood brain tumours are the second most common childhood cancer (~20%) after leukaemia (~35%) and are the leading cause of cancer death among children. Children who survive a brain tumour are often left with physical and mental problems as a result of treatment. This can have a significant impact on the child, family and community. Greater understanding of the causes of childhood brain tumours may lead to preventative measures. Most children with brain tumours are very young, suggesting that factors to which parents are exposed may affect future children. For this reason, it is important to study the parents as well as the child. This study will investigate environmental exposures known to be harmful, such as parental cigarette smoking and exposure to pesticides and other chemicals. Such exposures are also thought to increase the risk of other childhood cancers like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia. We will also investigate whether dietary factors - including vitamin supplements - in the parents or the child can reduce the risk of a child developing a brain tumour. This study also examines genetic factors which can influence the body's ability to deal with toxins. Some genetic variations, combined with diet and lifestyle factors, may alter the risk of developing some cancers. These interactions need to be examined in greater detail for childhood brain tumours. This national study will examine specific genes and analyse them in conjunction with rigorous assessment of exposures throught to be related to the development of childhood brain tumours. Results obtained from children with brain tumours and their parents will be compared with those from healthy 'control' children and their parents. This is the first study to assess gene-environment interactions in relation to the risk of childhood brain tumours.Read moreRead less
Risks And Benefits Of Breast Cancer Screening: BreastScreen WA Cohort Study Of Overdiagnosis And Breast Cancer Mortality
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$201,524.00
Summary
Overdiagnosis is the major downside of screening for breast cancer. This occurs when screening detects cancers that would not have caused symptoms in the woman's lifetime. This study aims to quantify the amount of overdiagnosis that occurs in the Australian breast cancer screening program (BreastScreen)
Assessing The Impact Of Geographical Location And Socioeconomics On Clinical Outcomes From Breast Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$317,485.00
Summary
Inequalities in survival from and treatment for breast cancer continue to exist in Australia, particularly for women from rural and remote areas, and for disadvantaged populations. Currently, we do not know to what extent these inequalities are due to individual characteristics or to the area in which a women lives. By understanding how these factors impact on clinical outcomes, we enable us to better target health programs, policy and practice to reduce the burden of cancer.
We will conduct a study of more than 500 Australian female twin pairs in which one or both have had breast cancer. We will also study measured and unmeasured genetic and environmental causes of risk factors.