A Novel Role For The IL-2 Pathway In Type-1-diabetes.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$548,548.00
Summary
Genes encoding IL-2 and its receptor are strongly linked to susceptibility to multiple autoimmune diseases, including type-1-diabetes. Despite the importance of this pathway in the immune system, it is not yet understood how the associated genes affect disease. In this study, a novel function for IL-2 expression by dendritic cells in normal self-tolerance is investigated. The impacts of dendritic cell produced IL-2 expression and linkage to autoimmunity will be elucidated in both mouse and man.
The Influence Of NF-KB In The Development Of Autoimmunity And Cancer In Fas/FasL Mutant Mice
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$596,925.00
Summary
Apoptotic cell death is an essential process in the human body, it removes useless and dangerous cells, preventing autoimmune disease and cancer. Apoptosis is activated when the surface receptor Fas is stimulated by its ligand, FasL, but defective signalling causes disease associated with deregulated NF-?B activation. We will investigate how faulty FasL-induced apoptosis cooperates with deregulated NF-kB activation or defective Aire (immunological tolerance orchestrator) results in autoimmunity.
A Helminth-derived Peptide Is A Novel Prophylactic And Therapeutic Treatment For Autoimmune Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$658,778.00
Summary
Parasitic worms (helminths) secrete molecules that possess a remarkable ability to skew the mammalian immune system towards anti-inflammatory responses. We have expoited a novel peptide secreted by helminths, which offers tremendous potential for the development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for a range of immune-mediated conditions. The overarching aim of this project is to further elucidate the mechanism of action and to determine the peptide’s clinical application.
Molecular Signatures Of Public Clonotypes In Human Systemic Autoimmunity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$540,633.00
Summary
New platform technology has been developed to study autoantibody clones in lupus and Sjogren's syndrome. This approach has furthered our understanding of these disorders by the discovery of unique sets of clones that are common to all patients. The unique "molecular signatures" of these clones can be translated to a next-generation diagnostic that detects them in patients at extremely low levels missed by conventional tests.
The Axis Of Bcl-2, Plasmacytoid DCs And Lupus As A Basis For Therapy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$712,172.00
Summary
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affects 1 in 1000 Australians, mostly women. Here the immune system goes awry and makes antibodies against the body’s own components including the body’s DNA. This leads to damage to many parts of the body including kidneys, joints, brain and heart. It is incurable. A particular immune cell controls the development of this disease and we have found this cell is selectively killed by an inexpensive drug, which we hope will be a better way of treating SLE.
Hookworm Therapy In Coeliac Disease (CeD), Phase 1b
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$865,002.00
Summary
Parasitic worms have an amazing ability to manipulate the immune system, and our research group recently discovered how they may hold the key for treating inflammatory diseases such as Coeliac Disease. The aim of my research is to further develop this novel therapy in a clinical trial and study the mechanism of how worms control the immune response, including identifying the molecules that the worm produces that could be produced as a pill-based medication for treating coeliac disease.
Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. It leads to long-term impairments in quality of life and has a 40% higher mortality rate compared with the general population. We know surprisingly little about the causes of Graves’ disease. One possible trigger is stressful life events; however, the relationship is yet to be proven. This study will assess whether stressful life events, specifically military deployment, are associated with Graves’ disease.
Using Methods In Genetic Epidemiology To Elucidate The Relationship Between Viral Infection And Risk Of Autoimmune Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$622,446.00
Summary
Autoimmune diseases occur when the body's natural defense mechanisms attack healthy tissues by mistake. It has long been thought that viral infections might play a role in triggering autoimmune disease. Our study aims to find genes that influence the body's response to viral infection and subsequently whether the same genes are involved in autoimmune disease pathology. If the same genes are important in both situations then this will provide evidence that viruses trigger autoimmune disease.
How Deletional And Non-Deletional Tolerance Mechanisms Integrate To Prevent Autoimmune Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$509,944.00
Summary
The body produces millions of immune cells every day to fight infection. Some of these immune cells are defective and dangerous because they can cause autoimmune diseases, like Type I diabetes and multiple sclerosis. To defuse this risk, such immune cells are either caused to die or are inactivated to prevent autoimmunity. We propose to investigate how the processes of immune cell death and inactivation work in health and disease so we may harness these mechanisms to cure autoimmunity.
Nodal Function In Peripheral Neuroinflammatory Disorders: Target Antigens, Functional Significance And Treatment Response
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$605,172.00
Summary
Inflammatory neuropathies are autoimmune disorders which produce severe disability and represent a costly burden to the healthcare system, but the causes remain unknown. Recent evidence from our team suggests that antibodies against parts of the peripheral nerve at the node of Ranvier are involved. The project aims to identify these specific targets and monitor treatment responsiveness, stabilise nerve function and prevent persistent disability.