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Cell Surface Mucins In Gastrointestinal Infection And Inflammation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$591,967.00
Summary
Mucosal tissues, such as the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, are the most common site of infectious disease. We have found that the cells in these tissues produce molecules on their surface, known as mucins, that protect from infection. In the case of chronic infection the mucins prevent the inflammation that underlies the development of cancer. In this project we will be exploring the mechanisms by which mucins prevent infection and inflammation.
The Role Of Capsulin, A New BasicHelix-Loop-Helix Factor, In Differentiation And Repair Of The Gastric Mucosa.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$131,812.00
Summary
We aim to understand the role that a new factor plays in the processes whereby the lining of the stomach is continually renewed, and also repaired after injury due to inflammation and ulceration. Once we understand the role of this factor and how it works, we may be able to use this factor as a therapeutic to prevent the initial formation of inflammation and ulceration in the stomach that can lead to more serious diseases, such as cancer.
Factors Regulating Initiation, Progression And Submucosal Invasion In Gastric Cancer.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$450,750.00
Summary
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of death in humans. It is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori, a common and easily transmitted bacterium which infects about half the world's population. Exactly how Helicobacter pylori (HP) causes cancer, and why it does so in only a small percentage of those infected is unknown. It is clear however that Helicobacter species that produce a strong inflammatory response in the host and possess a full complement of pathogenic (disease-associa ....Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of death in humans. It is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori, a common and easily transmitted bacterium which infects about half the world's population. Exactly how Helicobacter pylori (HP) causes cancer, and why it does so in only a small percentage of those infected is unknown. It is clear however that Helicobacter species that produce a strong inflammatory response in the host and possess a full complement of pathogenic (disease-associated) genes are more strongly associated with cancer development after long-term infection than others. We have recently developed a genetically modified mouse which has a minor defect in a regulatory pathway which controls some aspects of gut inflammation. Surprisingly 100% of these mice rapidly develop gastric cancer which has many similarities with the human disease, including inflammation, loss of structure of the stomach lining and penetration of cancerous cells into the muscle layers below. The objectives of this project are to work out whether HP induces similar changes in normal stomach cells as occurs in our defined mouse model of gastric cancer. Specifically we will determine if HP disturbs the way a particular mediator of inflammation works, and if so the way this impacts on certain stomach genes which detect cancerous cells and prevent tumor growth.Read moreRead less
Novel Applications Of Ghrelin Peptides In Mouse Models Of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$243,116.00
Summary
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a debilitating, chronic condition that often affects patients in the primes of their lives. A limited number of treatments are currently available for these patients and those that are available often have serious side effects, including growth restriction in children. Ghrelin is a natural hormone that has been shown to suppress many features of IBD. This project will investigate the potential of ghrelin as a new treatment for inflammatory bowel disease.