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The balance between cellular survival and death must be tightly regulated. Cells respond to viral infection by self-destructing, thus limiting viral spread to other cells. Viruses have evolved ways to subvert this defensive cell suicide. This project will define and characterise viral factors that maintain host cell survival during infection. These may be targets for the development of new anti-viral therapies and vaccines.
Circuit Class Therapy For Rehabilitation Clients. A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial Of Therapy Intensity (CIRCIT).
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$526,361.00
Summary
Loss of independence is common after stroke, and may lead to reduced quality of life and admission to nursing home care. We will investigate if an increased amount of rehabilitation following stroke leads to improved mobility. Two ways of delivering more intense rehabilitation will be compared with usual care to find out which leads to improved physical mobility, and how they compare economically. This will allow health service providers to optimise services and will benefit people with stroke.
Functional Analysis Of The Toxoplasma Myosin Driving Tissue Dissemination And Host Cell Invasion
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$763,241.00
Summary
The single-celled parasite Toxoplasma gondii is the cause of Toxoplasmosis and is an important basis of eye disease, congenital birth defects and illness in immunocompromised individuals. To perpetuate infection T. gondii moves through tissue and invades host cells using a molecular motor, termed the 'glideosome'. We will reveal how the glideosome produces the force required for movement and characterise its critical features. Our work will provide a foundation in which to model novel drugs that ....The single-celled parasite Toxoplasma gondii is the cause of Toxoplasmosis and is an important basis of eye disease, congenital birth defects and illness in immunocompromised individuals. To perpetuate infection T. gondii moves through tissue and invades host cells using a molecular motor, termed the 'glideosome'. We will reveal how the glideosome produces the force required for movement and characterise its critical features. Our work will provide a foundation in which to model novel drugs that could be designed to treat Toxoplasmosis.Read moreRead less
Attenuating Severe Infections In Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Through Modulation Of Transforming Growth Factor-β Activity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$611,793.00
Summary
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterised by enhanced TGF? expression, which is accompanied by susceptibility to recurrent viral and bacterial infections. Such infections exacerbate lung inflammation in these patients, generally requiring emergency department treatment. This project proposes to clarify the therapeutic potential of TGF? inhibitors to reduce the impact of viral infections in patients with COPD and asthma.
Dissecting The Central Organisation Of Cough Neural Networks
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$880,928.00
Summary
Cough is the most prevalent symptom of lung disease and the most common reason for people to seek medical advice. However, cough neural processes are poorly defined and as a result current cough therapies are largely ineffective making cough a significant unmet clinical problem. This project will novel viral strategies to dissect and manipulate cough neural pathways in the brain, providing insights into the neural processing of airway sensations and coughing.
Intrinsic Host Antiviral Activity Against Pathogenic Filoviruses
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$488,754.00
Summary
Bats are a major reservoir for deadly human viruses including Ebola and Marburg virus. In contrast to humans, bats can be infected with these viruses without showing clinical signs of disease. The reason why bats can co-exist with these viruses is unknown. This study will determine if a bat antiviral molecule contributes to limiting virus release compared to the human version that could reveal strategies to prevent and control these deadly viruses in humans.
A Randomised Controlled Trial Of Interventional Versus Conservative Treatment Of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$412,315.00
Summary
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a collapsed lung that occurs in otherwise healthy people without underlying lung disease. Current standard treatment is to insert a chest drain into the chest to remove the air around the collapsed lung so that the lung re-inflates rapidly ("interventional treatment"). We will determine whether doing nothing, i.e. letting the lung re-inflate slowly on its own over several weeks ("conservative treatment"), is just as good or even better for patients.
Multi-Targeted Inhibition Of An Essential Tetrameric Enzyme From Drug -Resistant Streptococcus Pneumonie.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$534,313.00
Summary
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an significant human pathogen which causes several diseases including pneumonia and meningitis. Treatment of infection involves the use of antibiotics such as penecillin, however, resistant strains are now emerging. This project will address the real need to develop new antibiotics targeting this organism. This is essentially a drug discovery project which exploits a novel means to target Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Assessing Infrastructure And Contextual Factors In Relation To Cardiometabolic Outcomes In Remote Indigenous Communities: Evidence For Policy Change
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,113,005.00
Summary
Cardiometabolic diseases account for the major burden of morbidity and mortality for Indigenous populations. This study with 75 remote Indigenous communities will be the first to evaluate features of their social, built and physical environments in relation to cardiometabolic risks and diseases. Policy-relevant results will identify features of environments to be targeted to reduce chronic diseases for Indigenous peoples in remote communities.