Sequencing and assembling microbial community metagenomes in real-time. This project aims to assemble metagenomes directly from environmental samples using nanopore sequencing. Short-read approaches to metagenomics cannot assemble mixed genomes from an environmental sample, so focus on describing which species and genes are present. Long-read nanopore sequencing enables the assembly of full genomes of multiple species in a sample. Assembling complete genomes in important resources such as water ....Sequencing and assembling microbial community metagenomes in real-time. This project aims to assemble metagenomes directly from environmental samples using nanopore sequencing. Short-read approaches to metagenomics cannot assemble mixed genomes from an environmental sample, so focus on describing which species and genes are present. Long-read nanopore sequencing enables the assembly of full genomes of multiple species in a sample. Assembling complete genomes in important resources such as water and soil should lead to deeper understanding of the dynamics, variation and transfer of genetic material within these resources’ microbial communities, strategies to manage microbial diversity, and improved productivity and long-term sustainability for these resources.Read moreRead less
Patterns of connectivity and hot-spots of recruitment: a basis for prioritising high value coastal rivers. Provision of water for agricultural, industrial and residential use is becoming increasingly difficult in Australia. By determining the need for important migratory fish species to have access to marine conditions, this project aims to assist managers to identify river systems where changing flow patterns will be particularly detrimental. The project will provide information about the ne ....Patterns of connectivity and hot-spots of recruitment: a basis for prioritising high value coastal rivers. Provision of water for agricultural, industrial and residential use is becoming increasingly difficult in Australia. By determining the need for important migratory fish species to have access to marine conditions, this project aims to assist managers to identify river systems where changing flow patterns will be particularly detrimental. The project will provide information about the need for artificial opening of estuary mouths, fish ladders and other practical means to ensure the continued survival of these species. Read moreRead less
Improved biomonitoring of urban freshwater ecosystems using DNA barcodes. This project aims to provide rapid diagnostic detection of environmental change in aquatic ecosystems at reduced cost. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can transform monitoring of aquatic ecosystems by identifying many species in multiple biological samples. This project aims to use NGS technology to identify macroinvertebrate species as biological indicators in urban freshwater ecosystems to provide more rapid, sensitive ....Improved biomonitoring of urban freshwater ecosystems using DNA barcodes. This project aims to provide rapid diagnostic detection of environmental change in aquatic ecosystems at reduced cost. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can transform monitoring of aquatic ecosystems by identifying many species in multiple biological samples. This project aims to use NGS technology to identify macroinvertebrate species as biological indicators in urban freshwater ecosystems to provide more rapid, sensitive and cost-effective monitoring compared to traditional methods. The project uses DNA barcodes that identify species to detect species in samples processed with NGS. The project also plans to use previously collected samples to explore species diversity and detect indicator species.Read moreRead less
An Integrated Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Change on Victorian Alpine Ecosystems: Detecting and Managing Ecological Change. Climate change threatens biodiversity in alpine areas of Australia. This project seeks to predict how plants, soils and small animals will respond to warming and the associated increased risk of bushfire. Our project uses chambers placed out in the field to simulate warming conditions, and measures plant growth and development, and small animal community structure w ....An Integrated Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Change on Victorian Alpine Ecosystems: Detecting and Managing Ecological Change. Climate change threatens biodiversity in alpine areas of Australia. This project seeks to predict how plants, soils and small animals will respond to warming and the associated increased risk of bushfire. Our project uses chambers placed out in the field to simulate warming conditions, and measures plant growth and development, and small animal community structure within the chambers. We also assess the effects of climate change on soil processes. The information is used to evaluate the ability of alpine plants and animals to deal with climate change and to identify ways managers can help maintain biodiversity in this fragile ecosystem. Read moreRead less
Subterranean invertebrate communities of arid zone Western Australia: diversity, assessment and food-web structure. The diverse and unique subterranean fauna associated with aquifers of the Western Australia arid zone is potentially threatened by water extraction, mining and other human impacts. This project aims to apply a powerful combination of molecular genetic analyses and compound specific isotope analyses to study, for the first time, the food web structure and source of energy of these g ....Subterranean invertebrate communities of arid zone Western Australia: diversity, assessment and food-web structure. The diverse and unique subterranean fauna associated with aquifers of the Western Australia arid zone is potentially threatened by water extraction, mining and other human impacts. This project aims to apply a powerful combination of molecular genetic analyses and compound specific isotope analyses to study, for the first time, the food web structure and source of energy of these groundwater ecosystems. The project aims to also develop novel procedures for monitoring their biodiversity using environmental DNA within the groundwater. The results will provide crucial information for the management of groundwater, and conservation of their associated ecosystems, and significantly improve the rigour of long-term environmental monitoring.Read moreRead less
Evolution, disease and extinction - using ancient and modern Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to investigate molecular evolution in the Tasmanian devil. The Tasmanian devil is Australia's largest living marsupial carnivore and one of Tasmania's key tourism icons. Extinction in the wild will have long-term impacts on Tasmanian native ecosystems and economy. This study will provide critical genetic data and tools to monitor and prioritise conservation strategies, including insurance populations and dis ....Evolution, disease and extinction - using ancient and modern Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to investigate molecular evolution in the Tasmanian devil. The Tasmanian devil is Australia's largest living marsupial carnivore and one of Tasmania's key tourism icons. Extinction in the wild will have long-term impacts on Tasmanian native ecosystems and economy. This study will provide critical genetic data and tools to monitor and prioritise conservation strategies, including insurance populations and disease suppression, aimed at preventing extinction. It will strengthen ongoing conservation programs carried out by the Save the Tasmanian Devil Program and will help publicise the plight of the devil both nationally and internationally.Read moreRead less
Genetic variation without sex: frequency-dependent selection and the maintenance of variation in asexual organisms. The proposed research will gain insight into one of the most fundamental yet puzzling questions in evolutionary biology and determine the generality of frequency-dependent selection as a mechanism for maintaining variation in asexual organisms. The results will have broad appeal, both internationally and nationally, and will also provide insight into why most species reproduce sexu ....Genetic variation without sex: frequency-dependent selection and the maintenance of variation in asexual organisms. The proposed research will gain insight into one of the most fundamental yet puzzling questions in evolutionary biology and determine the generality of frequency-dependent selection as a mechanism for maintaining variation in asexual organisms. The results will have broad appeal, both internationally and nationally, and will also provide insight into why most species reproduce sexually. The results will also help in the development of two asexual species as environmental indicators by linking clones with specific environmental changes. These indicator clones could then be adopted by natural resource managers to monitor environmental pollution and contamination.Read moreRead less
The evolutionary potential of fragmented and declining populations. This project aims to integrate adaptive genomic and epigenomic information from wild, captive and reintroduced populations to identify evolutionary potential across different life-histories and levels of habitat fragmentation. The project will capitalise on knowledge and genomic resources for Australian freshwater fishes, including a natural experiment of evolution. It is expected that the project will address fundamental and ap ....The evolutionary potential of fragmented and declining populations. This project aims to integrate adaptive genomic and epigenomic information from wild, captive and reintroduced populations to identify evolutionary potential across different life-histories and levels of habitat fragmentation. The project will capitalise on knowledge and genomic resources for Australian freshwater fishes, including a natural experiment of evolution. It is expected that the project will address fundamental and applied questions about the adaptive capacity of populations in their natural environment. The outcomes of the project will help evaluate and improve local and ecosystem-level initiatives towards the sustainable management of aquatic biodiversity impacted by human activities. The project will also inform on management of water resources in the Murray-Darling Basin.Read moreRead less
Comparative Evolutionary Genomics of Australian Rainbowfishes. This project aims to use an evolutionarily young and ecologically important fish clade to understand adaptive resilience and to test predictions derived from the 'climatic variability hypothesis' for the major climatic regions of mainland Australia. Correlative surveys along landscapes and mechanistic experimental studies will be integrated to implement a comparative evolutionary genomics framework capable of assessing the genetic ba ....Comparative Evolutionary Genomics of Australian Rainbowfishes. This project aims to use an evolutionarily young and ecologically important fish clade to understand adaptive resilience and to test predictions derived from the 'climatic variability hypothesis' for the major climatic regions of mainland Australia. Correlative surveys along landscapes and mechanistic experimental studies will be integrated to implement a comparative evolutionary genomics framework capable of assessing the genetic basis of adaptation and the evolutionary resilience of populations and lineages. This is expected to clarify climatic and geographic correlates of adaptation across a vast area of Australia and to disentangle responses to environmental change in an emerging model system for adaptation research.Read moreRead less
Costs and individual variation in immune function: studies on a long-lived predator in tropical Australia. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) will be employed to quantify costs and individual variation in antibody response to a non-pathogenic antigen in water pythons (Liasis fuscus). Immune responsiveness is strongly correlated with disease and parasite resistance and has been documented to depend on environmental and genetic factors. All immunized snakes will be known-aged animals (rang ....Costs and individual variation in immune function: studies on a long-lived predator in tropical Australia. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) will be employed to quantify costs and individual variation in antibody response to a non-pathogenic antigen in water pythons (Liasis fuscus). Immune responsiveness is strongly correlated with disease and parasite resistance and has been documented to depend on environmental and genetic factors. All immunized snakes will be known-aged animals (ranging from 6 months to >20 years), of different nutritional status, known blood and gastro-intestinal parasite load and documented immuno-genetic profiles. This multidisciplinary approach will bring together population ecology, molecular genetics and immunology to elucidate links between these traits and ultimately how they affect python fitness.Read moreRead less