A Pragmatic Randomised Clinical Trial Of Nicotine Vaporisers Added To Smoking Cessation Treatment For Priority Populations Living With Comorbidities
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,499,145.00
Summary
Smoking is a leading cause of early death for people with certain health conditions because they are more likely to smoke and are also at greater risk of tobacco-related disease. This clinical trial will test whether encouraging people living with Hepatitis C Virus, people on opiate substitution therapy and people living with HIV who smoke to use nicotine vaporisers long-term, in addition to current smoking cessation treatments, will help them to stay abstinent from smoking.
Validation Of The Acceptability And Reliability Of Anal Swabs Used For Cytological Screening Among HIV+ MSM
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$76,108.00
Summary
This study will be screening HIV-positive men who have sex with men for Anal Squamous Intra-epithelial Lesions.These lesions, if left untreated, could develop into anal cancer. The study will take anal cytology swabs from 1000 HIV-positive men who attend the HIV clinic at St Vincent's hospital. Those men who are identified as having high-grade lesions (HSIL) or atypical cells (ASCUS) will be offered follow up by the principal investigator, Dr Richard Hillman.
Optimising Treatment As Prevention Strategies For Hepatitis C And HIV
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$471,809.00
Summary
New evidence shows how hepatitis C (HCV) and HIV transmission can be reduced dramatically through timely treatment initiation - treatment as prevention (TasP). TasP has re-focused attention on early HCV and HIV detection and treatment. Through observational studies, randomised control trials and the development of innovative surveillance systems, this fellowship will inform ways to maximise the potential of HCV and HIV prevention responses in Australia and internationally in this new TasP era.
Research Fellowship In Preventing HIV And HIV-related Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$772,490.00
Summary
This fellowship concerns HIV prevention and HIV-related cancer. In HIV prevention, Grulich will evaluate the success of elements of the new biomedical prevention approach to HIV, and highlight areas in which policy action can be taken to substantially reduce HIV transmission. In HIV related cancer, Grulich will determine whether HIV-associated cancers continue to occur at increased rates in the new era of prolonged survival of people with HIV, and investigate preventive approaches.
Anal Cancer Examination (ACE) Study - Annual Anal Examinations To Detect Early Anal Cancer In HIV Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$60,926.00
Summary
Anal cancer is the most frequently occurring (non-AIDS defining) cancer in HIV positive men who have sex with men. There are still no guidelines for how to screen for this cancer. This research aims to determine the feasibility of implementing an annual anal examination to detect early anal cancer in HIV positive men who have sex with men.
The HIV Prevention Revolution: Measuring Outcomes And Maximising Effectiveness
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,081,723.00
Summary
There have been extra-ordinary recent biomedical advances in HIV prevention. These present an opportunity to turn the HIV epidemic around. We will undertake implementation research to optimise the impact of the new tools at the population level. NSW has a detailed HIV strategy with explicit targets for reduction of HIV transmission over the period 2012 to 2020. Our research will guide optimum program delivery to drive new HIV infections down in Australia and other high income settings.
An Epidemic Of Vulvar Cancer In Young Women: Investigating The Role Of Human Papillomavirus And Genetic Susceptibility
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$489,706.00
Summary
Vulvar cancer is a rare disease; in 1993-1997 the age-adjusted incidence rate in Australia was 1.4 per 100,000 women (average 207 cases per year), similar to the incidence in most other countries. An epidemic of cases of vulvar cancer has been identified in younger Indigenous women living in remote communities in the Northern Territory (NT). Vulvar cancer is over fifty times more common in women aged less than 50 years in these communities than in the total Australian population. Women in these ....Vulvar cancer is a rare disease; in 1993-1997 the age-adjusted incidence rate in Australia was 1.4 per 100,000 women (average 207 cases per year), similar to the incidence in most other countries. An epidemic of cases of vulvar cancer has been identified in younger Indigenous women living in remote communities in the Northern Territory (NT). Vulvar cancer is over fifty times more common in women aged less than 50 years in these communities than in the total Australian population. Women in these communities also experience higher rates of high-grade Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (a pre-cursor to vulvar cancer), than elsewhere in the NT. Vulvar cancer is usually much more common in older women than younger women. In young women vulvar cancer and VIN are thought to be caused by infection with cancer causing strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly the strain known as HPV16. In older women, vulvar cancer is not caused by HPV. In the remote communities in the NT, vulvar cancer is occurring almost entirely in young women, the amount of cancer occurring in older women in these communities is similar to the amount expected in the total Australian population. This project will investigate the cause of this epidemic of vulvar cancer and high-grade VIN. It will investigate whether HPV16 is more prevalent in these communities than elsewhere in Australia; whether there is a variant strain of HPV16 in these communites that is more virulent at causing cancer, and whether the disease occurs more commonly in families, which would mean that women in these communities inherit an increased susceptibility to vulvar cancer and VIN. This project will help to increase our understanding of vulvar cancer and VIN, help to control this epidemic, and inform whether the new HPV vaccines may be effective in preventing vulvar cancer in these communities.Read moreRead less