Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of parasite-host interactions. The completion of genome projects for several helminths of veterinary significance has provided novel insights into the fundamentals of helminth biology. One outcome is the identification of microRNAs, a subclass of small regulatory RNAs which in plants and mammalian cells control diverse biological processes at the posttranscriptional level. We have discovered the presence of helminth miRNAs within host cells with the ability t ....Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of parasite-host interactions. The completion of genome projects for several helminths of veterinary significance has provided novel insights into the fundamentals of helminth biology. One outcome is the identification of microRNAs, a subclass of small regulatory RNAs which in plants and mammalian cells control diverse biological processes at the posttranscriptional level. We have discovered the presence of helminth miRNAs within host cells with the ability to mimic mammalian miRNAs to modulate innate immune responses. This project will discover how helminths hijack the mammalian miRNA machinery to regulate host gene expression and thus support long-term infection. The outcomes will highlight new avenues for the control of these persistent worm infections.Read moreRead less
Novel Babesia proteins and their roles in the pathogenesis of tick fever. This project aims at gaining a deep understanding of the biology of Babesia parasites and how they cause tick fever in cattle. The project expects to discover novel parasite proteins involved in the development and persistence of tick fever and identify their functional role in infection. The main expected outcome is the discovery of parasite proteins that are critical for infection and pathogenesis of cattle tick fever. T ....Novel Babesia proteins and their roles in the pathogenesis of tick fever. This project aims at gaining a deep understanding of the biology of Babesia parasites and how they cause tick fever in cattle. The project expects to discover novel parasite proteins involved in the development and persistence of tick fever and identify their functional role in infection. The main expected outcome is the discovery of parasite proteins that are critical for infection and pathogenesis of cattle tick fever. The findings will contribute to the development of future novel vaccines to control tick fever, with significant economic benefits for the beef and dairy industries worldwide.Read moreRead less
Fast flexible feature selection for high dimensional challenging data. The project aims to provide new frameworks for fast flexible feature selection and appropriate modelling of heterogeneous data through structural varying-coefficient regression models. The outcomes will be a series of new statistical methods and concepts enabling more powerful modelling of complex bioscience data. The project will create the science for building reliable statistical models taking model uncertainty into accoun ....Fast flexible feature selection for high dimensional challenging data. The project aims to provide new frameworks for fast flexible feature selection and appropriate modelling of heterogeneous data through structural varying-coefficient regression models. The outcomes will be a series of new statistical methods and concepts enabling more powerful modelling of complex bioscience data. The project will create the science for building reliable statistical models taking model uncertainty into account, impacting how results will be interpreted, and with accompanying software. This will be a significant improvement in the assessment of model confidence in the food and health research priority areas including areas such as meat science, Huntington’s disease, and kidney transplantation.Read moreRead less
Evolution and function of mammalian sex chromosomes. Research on iconic Australian mammals has profoundly reshaped our understanding of reproductive biology and sex chromosome evolution. In this project we combine unique expertise, international collaboration and novel genetic information about Australia's unique egg-laying mammals (echidna and platypus) to investigate major aspects of reproduction. This work will address fundamental aspects of sex chromosome biology and advance our understandin ....Evolution and function of mammalian sex chromosomes. Research on iconic Australian mammals has profoundly reshaped our understanding of reproductive biology and sex chromosome evolution. In this project we combine unique expertise, international collaboration and novel genetic information about Australia's unique egg-laying mammals (echidna and platypus) to investigate major aspects of reproduction. This work will address fundamental aspects of sex chromosome biology and advance our understanding of mammalian reproduction. The knowledge gained will have application in captive breeding and conservation of these extraordinary Australian mammals. The project also provides opportunity to train research students in cutting edge molecular biology and informatics.Read moreRead less
Whole-genome multivariate reaction norm model for complex traits. This project aims to develop a multivariate whole-genome genotype-covariate correlation and interaction model that can be applied to a wide range of existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. Genotype-covariate correlation and interaction (GCCI) are fundamental in biology but there is no standard approach to disentangle interaction from correlation in the whole-genome analyses. This project will address the key featur ....Whole-genome multivariate reaction norm model for complex traits. This project aims to develop a multivariate whole-genome genotype-covariate correlation and interaction model that can be applied to a wide range of existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. Genotype-covariate correlation and interaction (GCCI) are fundamental in biology but there is no standard approach to disentangle interaction from correlation in the whole-genome analyses. This project will address the key feature in biology, which relates to dissecting the complex mechanism of association and interaction. The proposed statistical model implemented in a context of a novel design based on multiple GWAS data sets is a paradigm shifting-tool with applications to multiple industries.Read moreRead less
Mongolian medicine: different modes of knowledge transmission. This project aims to investigate a multispecies approach within nomadic medical practices and how this knowledge has been transmitted on the Mongolian Plateau. It will examine how Mongolian medicine treats both humans and animal patients, and how multispecies knowledge has developed over time. The project will focus on three forms of knowledge transmission: learning through word-of-mouth and practical trial-and-error; a more structur ....Mongolian medicine: different modes of knowledge transmission. This project aims to investigate a multispecies approach within nomadic medical practices and how this knowledge has been transmitted on the Mongolian Plateau. It will examine how Mongolian medicine treats both humans and animal patients, and how multispecies knowledge has developed over time. The project will focus on three forms of knowledge transmission: learning through word-of-mouth and practical trial-and-error; a more structured form of learning through Buddhist monasteries, which engages with both apprenticeship and ancient texts; and the modern institutional model of the hospital. The project expects to contribute to research on global health across species, as well as across different environmental contexts within local settings.Read moreRead less
Cracking the code of snails to elucidate parasite disease transmission. In Australia, a disease caused by liver flukes causes major economic losses to livestock production. The role of Australian pond snails as intermediate hosts for this parasite is poorly understood. This project aims to explore the phylogeography, biology and genomics of these snails. It expects to create novel molecular resources for important snail species and verify their roles as key vectors of flatworm parasites. The cur ....Cracking the code of snails to elucidate parasite disease transmission. In Australia, a disease caused by liver flukes causes major economic losses to livestock production. The role of Australian pond snails as intermediate hosts for this parasite is poorly understood. This project aims to explore the phylogeography, biology and genomics of these snails. It expects to create novel molecular resources for important snail species and verify their roles as key vectors of flatworm parasites. The curation of genomic and transcriptomic data sets, and elucidation of snail–parasite interactions will underpin the development of environmental diagnostic tests and deliver a new generation of intervention strategies to reduce the burden of liver fluke disease through the control of their snail intermediate hosts.Read moreRead less
Orientated biointerfacing of cell-mimetic nanoparticles. The project aims to create next-generation cell-mimetic nanotechnology by providing in-depth understandings and precise control over cell membrane coating orientation of biomimetic nanoparticles. Our approach is to design and develop new synthetic and analytic strategies to construct and quantify orientated biointerfacing. This will generate new knowledge and patentable methodologies related to orientated biomimetic nanoparticles. Expected ....Orientated biointerfacing of cell-mimetic nanoparticles. The project aims to create next-generation cell-mimetic nanotechnology by providing in-depth understandings and precise control over cell membrane coating orientation of biomimetic nanoparticles. Our approach is to design and develop new synthetic and analytic strategies to construct and quantify orientated biointerfacing. This will generate new knowledge and patentable methodologies related to orientated biomimetic nanoparticles. Expected outcomes include significant contributions to Australia's scholarly outputs, enhanced national capacity in disruptive nanotechnology, new opportunities for national value-add material manufacturing, and long-term benefits to biomedical and veterinary industries through new materials and nanotechnologies.
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Understanding bacteriophage deactivation and stabilisation in formulations. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that kill pathogenic bacteria without causing harms to the eco-balance. They can provide a safe and highly effective antimicrobial measure for biocontrol when formulated properly. This project aims to develop a mechanistic understanding of the physicochemical factors responsible for stabilising and deactivating phages in a wide range of formulations. It will create new knowledge on ke ....Understanding bacteriophage deactivation and stabilisation in formulations. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that kill pathogenic bacteria without causing harms to the eco-balance. They can provide a safe and highly effective antimicrobial measure for biocontrol when formulated properly. This project aims to develop a mechanistic understanding of the physicochemical factors responsible for stabilising and deactivating phages in a wide range of formulations. It will create new knowledge on key relationships between phage chemistry, phage-excipient interactions and phage stability. The research outcomes would significantly benefit Australia by enabling commercial development in the high value-adding area of environmentally friendly antimicrobial products.Read moreRead less
Sinusoidal voltage protocols for characterisation of ion channel kinetics. This project aims to implement an innovative approach to modelling ion channel behaviour that employs short, information-rich datasets and parameter inference. Using the hERG potassium channel as a test case, the project will show that this approach is more efficient than current methods and outperforms all published models in independent validations. The project aims to extend on initial implementation to probe the therm ....Sinusoidal voltage protocols for characterisation of ion channel kinetics. This project aims to implement an innovative approach to modelling ion channel behaviour that employs short, information-rich datasets and parameter inference. Using the hERG potassium channel as a test case, the project will show that this approach is more efficient than current methods and outperforms all published models in independent validations. The project aims to extend on initial implementation to probe the thermodynamics and pharmacology of ion channel gating. The anticipated outcomes are to grow fundamental knowledge of ion channel biophysics and ability to probe ion channel function in silico. The project will build on an emerging collaboration between international leaders in physiology, pharmacology, mathematics and computer modelling. The methodology and fundamental knowledge generated will significantly advance our understanding of the physiology and biophysics of ion channels, while the application of the method will have direct impact in the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory science.Read moreRead less