The Role Of Vestibular Efferents In The Mammalian Vestibulo-ocular Reflex.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$323,341.00
Summary
The aim of this study is to determine how a group of nerve fibres that travel from the brain to the balance organ alter balance function in mammals. Balance function in mice will be tested under conditions that modify the balance system response. Results will be compared between normal mice and mutant mice in which these nerves do not function. This work will determine how these nerves alter balance function and whether they are a viable target for future patient treatments.
Vestibulo-ocular Reflex Physiology, Pathology And Rehabilitation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Summary
A sensation of movement from the inner ear is used to stabilise vision during head movements. Without it, every time you walk, run, or drive on a bumpy road, the world would appear to bounce. It can be debilitating when this sense doesn't work due to various diseases. This research examines how this sense works normally and the factors important for self-repair after injury. This work will also develop training exercises using a device for take-home balance rehabilitation.
A Balancing Act: A Three-pronged Approach To Vestibular Assessment
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$419,180.00
Summary
Vertigo and imbalance are common and disabling symptoms of vestibular (balance) dysfunction. This project will investigate three aspects of vestibular function: by searching for new balance reflexes, revealing the pattern of vestibular deficits in patients with a common form of vertigo caused by migraine, and exploring the impact of vestibular disease on thinking and memory. This research will improve our understanding of the vestibular system and facilitate the diagnosis of episodic vertigo.
Dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance affect nearly half the population by the age of 60 and balance-related falls, especially in the elderly, are a serious health concern. Surveys of primary care doctors have shown that dizziness and vertigo are as prevalent as hypertension and angina, and approximately 40% of the population experience dizziness severe enough to seek medical attention. Unfortunately, most symptoms are not relieved by currently available medical treatment. There is, however, a remar ....Dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance affect nearly half the population by the age of 60 and balance-related falls, especially in the elderly, are a serious health concern. Surveys of primary care doctors have shown that dizziness and vertigo are as prevalent as hypertension and angina, and approximately 40% of the population experience dizziness severe enough to seek medical attention. Unfortunately, most symptoms are not relieved by currently available medical treatment. There is, however, a remarkable hidden reserve of 'self-repair' in the balance system that can be triggered under certain conditions. We call this process 'vestibular compensation' and if we can understand those conditions and discover the means by which this reserve affects the nervous system, we may be able harness its power to alleviate the all distressing symptoms of imbalance. Perhaps we may even be able to apply these principles to other critical systems that may need repair. We propose to look at a key region in the central nervous system that is responsible for processing balance signals and may be very important in 'vestibular compensation'. We will try to activate this recovery process under controlled conditions so that we can understand the changes that occur. Specifically we will examine the role of vestibular (balance) neurons in the central nervous system that appear to be modified following trauma of the inner ear balance organs. We will use our new recording techniques to examine these vestibular neurons to see how their intrinsic properties may change and what external or internal factors influences this change. Our aim is to understand what factors promote and what factors inhibit full recovery.Read moreRead less
The Vestibulo-collic Reflex In Humans And Its Use In Diagnosis Of Vertigo
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$278,691.00
Summary
This project will investigate the vestibulo-collic reflex (VCR): a head-stabilising reflex of the neck muscles. The VCR plays an important role in human balance, but is not well-understood. A form of the reflex is used to test vestibular (balance) function in patients with dizziness and vertigo, however the accuracy and interpretation of the test as it is currently used is not optimal. This project aims to improve the accuracy of the VCR in the diagnosis of balance disorders.
High Speed Video To Assess Eye Movements In Vestibular Dysfunction - A Validation Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$133,351.00
Summary
Dizziness affects a third of the population during their lives. Abnormal eye movements are often the best guide as to what has gone wrong in the dizzy person. The problem is that these eye movements can be difficult to see, and hence measure, as a way of diagnosing and then treating the dizziness. Video-oculography holds great promise for helping doctors identify the cause, and in many cases offer simple curative treatment, for dizziness.
A New Mouse Model That Determines The Effects Of A Unilateral Vestibular Prosthesis On Vestibular Plasticity.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$455,678.00
Summary
Much like a cochlear implant restores auditory function, a vestibular prosthesis restores balance function. It is not clear whether the limited results from vestibular prostheses is due the device not stimulating one component (the otoliths) of the vestibular system essential for self-repair. We will test mutant mice that lack otoliths to determine the importance of stimulating the otoliths in restoring function. This work will shape the future direction of prosthesis development.
Our vestibular system provides us with the important sense of balance. When it fails we suffer debiltating bouts of vertigo and dizziness. A great deal is known about how balance signals are sent from the inner ear to our brains, but virtually nothing is known about the important signals the brain sends to the inner ear. In this study we will use a new perparation develped in our laboratory to examine how these essential brain signals control the function of our balance organs.
Ictal Characteristics Of Common Vestibular Diseases
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$281,573.00
Summary
vertigo is a disabling symptom affecting 1 million Australians at any given time. Acute vertigo is associated with abnormal eye movements or nystagmus, the pattern of which points to its origin. In this project, we extract the unique characteristics of distinct vertigo syndromes to enable their separation
Mechanisms Underlying Efferent Feedback In The Vestibular System
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$491,475.00
Summary
The balance system has a remarkable, but poorly understood capacity for self-repair. An intrinsic feedback mechanism, the Efferent Vestibular System or EVS is thought to play a major role in this self-repair. Surprisingly, we know little about EVS function in animals or humans. We will study the EVS in mice and humans to gain a better understanding of how it works. This information will then drive the design of therapies that improve and restore balance in disease, injury, or ageing.