Environmental Influences In The Establishment Of The Epigenetic Landscape In Children
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$695,097.00
Summary
The DNA in each of our cells does not exist alone, it is packaged into complex structures called chromosomes, through association with many different proteins. The distribution of these proteins varies along the length of a chromosome depending on the type of cell and this phenomenon is called 'epigenetics', literally meaning 'above the DNA'. Epigenetic analysis is the study of how proteins and other molecules can change the activity of a gene without changing the DNA sequence. All of our cells ....The DNA in each of our cells does not exist alone, it is packaged into complex structures called chromosomes, through association with many different proteins. The distribution of these proteins varies along the length of a chromosome depending on the type of cell and this phenomenon is called 'epigenetics', literally meaning 'above the DNA'. Epigenetic analysis is the study of how proteins and other molecules can change the activity of a gene without changing the DNA sequence. All of our cells use epigenetic changes to help control how they grow and develop. Evidence suggests a direct link between diet and environmental influences on our epigenetic profile. Recent research has traced the origins of many of the health problems of adult life back to the earliest periods of development _ to the time spent in the womb and the first few years of life. If we are born with a low birth weight, we are more likely to get sick later in life. Overwhelming evidence exists that the environment in the womb is critical for a healthy birth weight (and health in later life) and it is thought that epigenetics may be the missing link between this environment, low birth weight, and therefore health in later life. In addition, mounting evidence supports a general link between epigenetic de-regulation and predisposition to disease. However, the timing and the overall contribution of environmental- genetic influences to the establishment of faulty epigenetic markings remain largely unknown. Twins are the best model to study this link as they share similar (but not identical environments) and some share identical genetic makeup. Using twins, Dr Jeffrey Craig and his team will investigate the factors in the prenatal environment that modify specific cells, leading to low birth weight and increase disease risk later in life. They predict that this occurs via specific changes in gene activity caused by epigenetic disruption.Read moreRead less
Defining Genetic And Epigenetic Variation During Early Development
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$996,075.00
Summary
We all began life with a set of genes inherited from our parents. However, it's now known that from the time we were in the womb onwards that genes can be turned off and on by the environment or even completely lost or gained. Even what your mother ate or how she behaved while she was pregnant could have influenced your future health. Because people are so different, we are studying the subtle differences between twins to tease out the factors that may influence our genes and our health.
The Australian Centre of Excellence in Twin Research will build on the Australian Twin Registry, which for 30 years has played an integral part in health & medical research. The new Centre aims to expand a state-of-the-art resource for conducting research, bring together leading national and international researchers from across disciplines, and build capacity in people, techniques, and expertise to continue to enable twin research to address major health and medical issues.
REDucing Delays In Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: The REDDISH Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$436,022.00
Summary
Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is a rare form of stroke that kills at least 30% of sufferers within 1 month. Outcome can be improved through quickly receiving medical care but many people do not and this likely contributes to the poor outcomes. The REDucing Delays In Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (REDDISH) study will look at cases of aSAH across Tasmanian and Victoria so that we can understand the factors that contribute to delays in treatment and ultimately improve outcomes.
Evaluating Cancer Screening: Context, Evidence, Values And Ethics
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$572,460.00
Summary
The research and clinical communities are divided over whether certain forms of cancer screening do more harm than good. This project asks: What is the right thing to do about cancer screening now? Using robust qualitative methodologies, we will study real cases of cancer screening and analyse their ethical implications. Drawing on this data and analysis, we will produce tools to help policy-makers, consumers and professionals make good decisions about cancer screening in future.
Modelling the Diffusion of Innovation in Marketing Research. This project will identify and explain the utilisation of marketing research in Australian organisations. The major (but not exclusive) focus will be the diffusion of Internet-based marketing research innovations. Previous studies of marketing research have been limited, through focussing on only one sector (such as tourism) or aspect of usage, or by using small samples, or by excluding important Internet innovations or managerial eval ....Modelling the Diffusion of Innovation in Marketing Research. This project will identify and explain the utilisation of marketing research in Australian organisations. The major (but not exclusive) focus will be the diffusion of Internet-based marketing research innovations. Previous studies of marketing research have been limited, through focussing on only one sector (such as tourism) or aspect of usage, or by using small samples, or by excluding important Internet innovations or managerial evaluations. This project will investigate the diffusion of marketing research across many industrial sectors, over several years. The project will yield "benchmarking" benefits of immediate value, and enduring benefits through the continuing evaluation of innovative research practices.Read moreRead less
Exploring Consumers' Switching and Loyalty Behaviours: Brand Relationship Dynamics. For marketers and academics, understanding the ways that consumers develop relationships with brands is of utmost importance. Brands may inspire loyalty, repeat purchases, continued use, and switching behaviour over time. Yet, continued brand usage and switching behaviours have not yet been studied systematically from a relationship perspective. Fournier's (1998) perspective on brand relationships is used to unde ....Exploring Consumers' Switching and Loyalty Behaviours: Brand Relationship Dynamics. For marketers and academics, understanding the ways that consumers develop relationships with brands is of utmost importance. Brands may inspire loyalty, repeat purchases, continued use, and switching behaviour over time. Yet, continued brand usage and switching behaviours have not yet been studied systematically from a relationship perspective. Fournier's (1998) perspective on brand relationships is used to understand changes in brand behaviours as changes in underlying consumer-brand relationships. This study, using qualitative semi-structured interviews and longitudinal brand diary keeping, will uncover the personal, social, and cultural meanings associated with brand-related changes, significantly advancing our understanding of brand relationship dynamics.
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Modelling Consumer Decision States. This research will examine the evolution of consumer decision states as products/categories mature and investigate how choice experiments can be developed to predict new product choices. Technological developments have made it feasible to expose large numbers of respondents to choice experiments enhanced with a process of Information Acceleration. A longitudinal experimental approach is proposed that monitors consumers' awareness, consideration and choice for ....Modelling Consumer Decision States. This research will examine the evolution of consumer decision states as products/categories mature and investigate how choice experiments can be developed to predict new product choices. Technological developments have made it feasible to expose large numbers of respondents to choice experiments enhanced with a process of Information Acceleration. A longitudinal experimental approach is proposed that monitors consumers' awareness, consideration and choice for one mature and two new products. This will allow for the developing of models that take into account the different rates at which consumers progress through decision states, leading to improved forecasts of new product trial and adoption.Read moreRead less
A Longitudinal Study of the Role of Marketing Competencies in Individual and Organisational Performance. The general aim of this project is to demonstrate the role of competencies in aspects of marketing, in relation to individual and organisational performance, relevant to the Ford Motor Company of Australia Limited. The focus will be on the conceptualisation and operationalisation of marketing competencies within the practical, competitive international automotive business environment, and not ....A Longitudinal Study of the Role of Marketing Competencies in Individual and Organisational Performance. The general aim of this project is to demonstrate the role of competencies in aspects of marketing, in relation to individual and organisational performance, relevant to the Ford Motor Company of Australia Limited. The focus will be on the conceptualisation and operationalisation of marketing competencies within the practical, competitive international automotive business environment, and not principally on the role of the formal educational system in delivering potential employees with general marketing knowledge. Primary research will be conducted among Ford Marketing employees, and among Ford suppliers and dealers, in a dynamic environment, over several years.Read moreRead less
Modelling the Influence of Organisational Identification and Marketing Actions on Membership Behaviour for Australian Football League Clubs. This project involves an innovative extension of the current international focus on the role of individual and organisational identification in managing marketing relationships, from a static perspective to a dynamic systems model. This project will examine the influence of organisational marketing activities on the relationship between consumers and organi ....Modelling the Influence of Organisational Identification and Marketing Actions on Membership Behaviour for Australian Football League Clubs. This project involves an innovative extension of the current international focus on the role of individual and organisational identification in managing marketing relationships, from a static perspective to a dynamic systems model. This project will examine the influence of organisational marketing activities on the relationship between consumers and organisations, longitudinally over five years. A combination of experimental and quasi-experimental methods will be used to estimate the relationships between aspects of individual-organisational identification and marketing activities, and organisational affiliation, in the context of Australian Football League club membership, conducted in partnership with every AFL club nationally.Read moreRead less