Comparative analysis of sensor noise for target detection in dragonfly eyes. Dragonflies hunt tiny prey in the low-light conditions of late dusk, a signal-to-noise problem that challenges any engineered system. Using a comparative approach across dragonfly species, we aim to use novel optical and physiological measures to determine how sensors with noise underlie target-detection, in varying scene brightness. The project outcomes will be a comparative characterisation of signal-to-noise measures ....Comparative analysis of sensor noise for target detection in dragonfly eyes. Dragonflies hunt tiny prey in the low-light conditions of late dusk, a signal-to-noise problem that challenges any engineered system. Using a comparative approach across dragonfly species, we aim to use novel optical and physiological measures to determine how sensors with noise underlie target-detection, in varying scene brightness. The project outcomes will be a comparative characterisation of signal-to-noise measures of dragonfly eye optics (including eye size) and early sensory neurons. We will match detection thresholds with downstream target-detecting neurons and dragonfly behaviour. This will provide insight into signal detection, which is a ubiquitous problem across information processing, computer vision and autonomous systems.Read moreRead less
Neural noise in human cognitive ageing and reserve. Age-related increases in neural noise degrade information transfer in the brain and lead to diminished cognitive function. Yet with cognitive reserve, some people are able to maintain healthy functioning well into their later years. This project aims to investigate the effects of neural noise on brain connectivity, cognitive performance and reserve, advancing breakthrough work on the neural physiology of healthy cognitive ageing and malleabilit ....Neural noise in human cognitive ageing and reserve. Age-related increases in neural noise degrade information transfer in the brain and lead to diminished cognitive function. Yet with cognitive reserve, some people are able to maintain healthy functioning well into their later years. This project aims to investigate the effects of neural noise on brain connectivity, cognitive performance and reserve, advancing breakthrough work on the neural physiology of healthy cognitive ageing and malleability of neural noise. This will be delivered by novel combinations of electrophysiology, neuroimaging and non-invasive brain stimulation. Benefits extend from developing neural markers for measuring cognitive reserve to new strategies for building resilience to age-related cognitive decline.Read moreRead less
Central pathways regulating visceral pain. This project aims to investigate the neural pathways within the spinal cord and brain processing colorectal pain perception. The project aims to identify the spinal cord neurons relaying colorectal signalling into the brain and the influence of descending modulation from the brainstem upon these pathways. The outcomes will greatly benefit fundamental understanding of the central pathways processing visceral pain.
Cellular bases of enteric neural circuitry underlying gut propulsion. This project aims to investigate the neural bases of behaviour in the mammalian gut. The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a critical role in the propulsion of intestinal contents. This project expects to establish how specific functional classes of enteric neurons control propulsion along the gut. By recording the simultaneous neural activity from hundreds of different functional classes of enteric nerve cells simultaneously ....Cellular bases of enteric neural circuitry underlying gut propulsion. This project aims to investigate the neural bases of behaviour in the mammalian gut. The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a critical role in the propulsion of intestinal contents. This project expects to establish how specific functional classes of enteric neurons control propulsion along the gut. By recording the simultaneous neural activity from hundreds of different functional classes of enteric nerve cells simultaneously, whilst recording intestinal muscle electrical activity and the movements of the gut wall, the project expects to identify which enteric neurochemical classes of neurons generate specific motor patterns along the intestine.Read moreRead less
Plasticity of gastrointestinal vagal afferents. The aim of this project is to identify how leptin modulates specific subtypes of vagal afferent within the gut and the plasticity of this system under different dietary conditions. This proposed project will substantially increase understanding of the interactions between leptin, known to influence food intake, and vagal afferent satiety signals. It will also increase understanding of how these interactions alter in obesity and ultimately provide t ....Plasticity of gastrointestinal vagal afferents. The aim of this project is to identify how leptin modulates specific subtypes of vagal afferent within the gut and the plasticity of this system under different dietary conditions. This proposed project will substantially increase understanding of the interactions between leptin, known to influence food intake, and vagal afferent satiety signals. It will also increase understanding of how these interactions alter in obesity and ultimately provide targets and/or concepts for the pharmacotherapy of obesity.Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE150100037
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$170,000.00
Summary
Laser microdissection facility. Laser microdissection facility: Laser microdissection (LMD) is a proven and effective approach to isolate pure cell populations from heterogeneous tissue samples in order to analyse DNA, RNA, and protein content. LMD provides an important advantage to research engaged in basic biological research as it allows for molecular profiling at the cellular level that can not be achieved from whole tissue samples. This project will provide a LMD facility aimed at understan ....Laser microdissection facility. Laser microdissection facility: Laser microdissection (LMD) is a proven and effective approach to isolate pure cell populations from heterogeneous tissue samples in order to analyse DNA, RNA, and protein content. LMD provides an important advantage to research engaged in basic biological research as it allows for molecular profiling at the cellular level that can not be achieved from whole tissue samples. This project will provide a LMD facility aimed at understanding many important biologically cellular mechanisms.Read moreRead less
Ultradian rhythms in basal metabolism; relationship to thermoregulation, cardiovascular function and behavioural arousal. Results from this project will be of basic theoretical biological importance, and may well provide a foundation for understanding basal metabolic regulation and its link with cardiovascular function. Our findings may provide a new foundation for discovering strategies that alter basal metabolic rate in a manner that improves health and reduces the incidence of obesity related ....Ultradian rhythms in basal metabolism; relationship to thermoregulation, cardiovascular function and behavioural arousal. Results from this project will be of basic theoretical biological importance, and may well provide a foundation for understanding basal metabolic regulation and its link with cardiovascular function. Our findings may provide a new foundation for discovering strategies that alter basal metabolic rate in a manner that improves health and reduces the incidence of obesity related disease such as heart attack and stroke. Thus this research proposal is of special relevance to National Research Priority 2: Promoting and Maintaining Good Health. Obesity and obesity-related medical conditions particularly affect older people, so that our research is also highly relevant to National Research Priority 2 sub-areas: Ageing well, Ageing productively.Read moreRead less
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE130100223
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$375,000.00
Summary
Characterisation of visceral afferent spinal cord pathways. Sensory nerves in the gut wall are key mediators of chronic visceral pain. This project will characterise how sensory nerves supplying the bowel connect to the spinal cord and the spinal circuits mediating pain perception, providing information to identify sensory pathways underlying visceral pain.
Novel computational tools for the analysis of sympathetic nervous system activity. This project will investigate electrical signals from the heart, resulting in novel tools for the assessment of sympathetic nervous system activity. The findings will contribute to advancing Australia's international leading position in health technology and improve community health.