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The Role Of Ap2a2 In Self-renewal Of Haematopoietic And Leukemic Stem Cells
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$579,171.00
Summary
The daily replenishment of the blood system is dependent on the blood stem cell. A unique property of these stem cells is self-renewal where the stem cell function is preserved, whilst other daughter cells continue to divide. Our research investigates the molecular mechanisms that regulate stem cell self-renewal. This work has potential clinical application on at least two levels: expansion of stem cells for transplantation, and for attacking abnormal cancer cell self-renewal pathways.
Using Direct Reprogramming To Generate And Rejuvenate Haematopoietic Stem Cells
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,026,313.00
Summary
One of the greatest promises of regenerative medicine lies in our ability to reprogram any cell type of the body into any other cell type. Transdifferentiation is the conversion of one adult cell type to another and it is believed to be the next frontier in regenerative medicine therapies since it can be used in vivo for the direct conversion of one cell type into another. The outcomes of this grant will push the limits of these technologies to generate new regenerative medicine strategies.
Dementias affect a large number of Australians each year with the number of patients expected to triple by 2050. As such, there is need to develop a better model of this debilitating disorder to provide improved treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells, are relatively easy to obtain and grow, and are able to produce the key cell types in the brain. We can use these cells to identify the processes that control the production of brain cells, which will likely provide better treatment of this disease.
MIGRATORY CHARACTERISTICS OF SKIN-DERIVED NEURAL PRECURSORS AS A NOVEL REGENERATIVE THERAPY FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$46,945.00
Summary
Memory decline in Alzheimer's disease is linked to a massive loss of neurons and the connections between these cells. Stem cell therapy has the potential to combat this neuronal loss by replenishing the brain with healthy functional neurons. This study aims to develop a new type of neural stem-like cell, termed skin-derived neural precursors, which can be isolated from a patient’s own skin. The outcomes from this work will provide the necessary data for progress into human clinical trial.
Haematopoietic Stem Cell Glycome Regulates Outcome Of Niche Interactions
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$913,729.00
Summary
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) reside in the bone marrow (BM) and make all the cells of the blood system. We have found a factor in the BM which when blocked, puts normal HSC to sleep helping them survive chemotherapy. This means cancer patients should suffer less side-effects from their therapy. This factor also helps leukaemia stem cells (LSC) resist chemotherapy. Inhibitors may a) reduce patient mortality caused by chemotherapy and b) sensitise LSC to chemotherapy enabling long-term cure.
(Re)wiring A Stem Cell: Deciphering The Molecular Mechanism Underpinning Lineage Propensity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$855,780.00
Summary
This project explores the response of the stem cells to cues that direct how they turn into specific type of cells that is suitable for clinical use. Specifically, a set of driver genes whose activity can foretell the outcome of cell differentiation will be identified. By modulating the maintenance conditions, iPSCs lines may be tailored for specific applications in stem cell therapy and disease modelling for the assessment of treatment efficacy.
NCE Based Strategy For Nuclear Reprogramming And Regenerative Medicine
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Summary
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be made by reprogramming adult cells. These cells can become any cell type in the human body. We can now create patient specific cells that may restore function in patients and not be rejected by their immune system. However, current methods for making iPSCs are slow, inefficient and have some safety concerns. This project aims to overcome these issues by using new chemical entities to reprogram cells that may be used for tissue repair and regeneration.
Reprogramming is the conversion of any cell into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). iPSC carry immense clinical potential as they are pluripotent and can hence form any cell of the human body, however, they can also form tumours. We have identified a cell type during reprogramming which is pluripotent but cannot form tumours. It is the aim of this project to determine the molecular differences between iPSC and this cell type in order to facilitate the delivery of cell replacement therapies.
Osteochondroreticular Stem Cell Therapy For Osteoarthritis: The Right Cells For The Job.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$561,956.00
Summary
"Wear and tear" arthritis of the knee, hip and back joints is known as osteoarthritis. This causes significant health burden and costs in our community, particularly in older Australians. Osteoarthritis begins with the loss of joint cartilage. We believe that a new type of stem cells (OCR stem cells) offer the greatest promise to generate and thus therapeutically replace joint cartilage. Our studies test this hypothesis and develop preclinical translation of our discoveries in mice into humans.