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The Effect Of Α-actinin 3 Deficiency On Regulation Of Skeletal Muscle Mass In Health And Disease.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$84,800.00
Summary
A common genetic variant results in absence of the fast muscle fibre protein ?-actinin-3 in more than one billion humans worldwide. Loss of ?-actinin-3 influences elite athletic performance, muscle bulk and strength in the general population, and disease severity in muscle wasting conditions. The goal of this study is to understand how ?-actinin-3 regulates muscle mass so that individuals at increased risk of muscle wasting may be identified and treated accordingly.
The Mechanism And Application Of A Superagonistic Antibody For Human IL-21.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$95,313.00
Summary
Monoclonal antibodies are widely used in diagnosis and therapy due to their outstanding specificity and safety. The monoclonal antibodies recognizing cytokines with enhancing functions are an emerging class of novel reagents in immunotherapy. This project is to investigate how a newly indentified monoclonal antibody enhances the activity of a cytokine and use this immunostimulatory function to design new strategies for better vaccination and treatment for cancer and infection.
Host Cell Signalling During HTLV-1 Infection: Novel Insights And Interventions
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$62,335.00
Summary
Human T-leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1) establishes a life-long infection and causes cancer and immune dysfunction. This study aims to find a cure for HTLV-1 by inducing the specific death of infected cells using novel therapeutic drugs that target host cell death pathways. Dead infected cells are then naturally cleared from the system along with the viral infection. The impact of HTLV-1 infection on tuberculosis severity will also be examined.
Roles Of Cascades Of Transforming Growth Factor-beta And Matrix Metalloproteinases In The Impact Of Cancer Stem Cells On The Neoplasm Formation Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$81,793.00
Summary
Failure of treatment of oral cancer patients is because the specific cancer cells escape from chemo-radiotherapy. These cells feature self-renew and fast growth, which are called cancer stem cells (CSC). We will test our hypothesis “the genes of TGF-?1 and MMP initiate CSCs” using our cell-mouse models to arrest cancer progression, and verify the impact of CSC on cancer formation. This study is critical to know how to arrest CSC and offer an opportunity to develop a targeted anti-cancer therapy.
Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein (PTHrP), Common Genetic Variants In The PTHrP Gene (PTHLH), And Breast Cancer Risk And Survival
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$120,253.00
Summary
In a partnership between Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Vincent's Hospital, and The University of Melbourne, we are investigating the role of PTHrP, a peptide integral to the growth and spread of Cancer. Initially thought to facilitate cancer spread, recent studies suggest it may actually be protective. In a new approach, we will analyse new DNA databases and patient data from around the world. We hope to extend our understanding of PTHrP, and perhaps find novel drug and therapeutic targets.
Down syndrome (DS) individuals have 3 copies of chromosome 21. I am proposing to do my PhD to investigate the role of a gene existing on chromosome 21 called Intersectin 1. This gene, when over-expressed might be responsible for manifestation of intellectual impairment in Down syndrome. I will be examining the consequence of altered/over-expression of this gene in receptor trafficking, cell signalling and histology of the brain to identify the differences between affected individuals and the nor ....Down syndrome (DS) individuals have 3 copies of chromosome 21. I am proposing to do my PhD to investigate the role of a gene existing on chromosome 21 called Intersectin 1. This gene, when over-expressed might be responsible for manifestation of intellectual impairment in Down syndrome. I will be examining the consequence of altered/over-expression of this gene in receptor trafficking, cell signalling and histology of the brain to identify the differences between affected individuals and the normal population.Read moreRead less
Epilepsy And Stress: An Explanatory Electrophysiological Model
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$100,233.00
Summary
Epilepsy is one of the most common recurrent neurological disorders worldwide, affecting between 1 and 2% of the population. The cascade of events culminating in epilepsy, or the role of seizures in altering brain structures and circuits has been difficult to define. Previous work from our group has shown that stress markedly accelerates the process of epilepsy development. I am developing a model of brain functioning from observed brain cells to chart the changes associated with seizures, stres ....Epilepsy is one of the most common recurrent neurological disorders worldwide, affecting between 1 and 2% of the population. The cascade of events culminating in epilepsy, or the role of seizures in altering brain structures and circuits has been difficult to define. Previous work from our group has shown that stress markedly accelerates the process of epilepsy development. I am developing a model of brain functioning from observed brain cells to chart the changes associated with seizures, stress, and potential treatments.Read moreRead less
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in increasing worldwide, the International Diabetes Federation predicting 435 million will have diabetes in 2030. The major driver of the diabetes epidemic is obesity. There is strong evidence linking type 2 diabetes and obesity to an increased risk of cancer. However, the exact mechanism promoting cancer development in obese and diabetic individuals is not clear. This project will examine the effects of high insulin levels on cancer development and progression.